上海市青浦区某汽车零部件制造企业电焊工人职业健康现状
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摘要
目的了解上海市青浦区某汽车零部件制造企业电焊作业工人健康状况,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法 2014年对上海青浦区某汽车零部件制造企业电焊作业环境职业病危害因素进行检测及在岗的电焊作业人员进行职业健康监护结果进行分析。结果在电焊作业岗位检测职业病危害因素有电焊烟尘、NO2、O3、Mn及其化合物和CO,各检测120份,其合格率均为100%,噪声的合格率为93.75%。其中,自动焊接岗位和手工焊接岗位职业病危害因素浓度在同一范围内(P>0.05)。健康监护定期随访复查人数占总人数的33.69%,均为听力受损;其中自动焊接岗位的定期随访复查人数占该岗位总人数的28.03%,且工龄≥1年的人数占69.57%;手工焊接岗位定期随访复查人数占该岗位人数47.27%,且工龄≥1年的为88.24%。结论该企业职业防护设施较好,但噪声及危害及存在。应断续加强管理和行为干预。
[Objective] To investigate the health status of welding workers in auto parts manufacturing enterprise of Qingpu District of Shanghai, provide the basis for formulating the prevention and control measures.[Methods] An auto parts manufacturing enterprise of Qingpu District of Shanghai was enrolled in this study. The occupational hazard factors in welding operation environment were detected, while the occupational health surveillance was performed among in-service welding workers,and the results were analyzed.[Results] The occupational hazard factors in welding operation were welding fumes, NO2, O3,manganese and its compounds and CO, 120 samples were detected for these factors respectively, and the qualified rate of all factors was 100% except that the qualified rate of noise was 93.75%. The automatic welding post and manual welding post had no significant differences in concentrations of occupational hazard factors(P>0.05). The workers who have received the regular follow-up and reexamination of health surveillance accounted for 33.69% of total workers, and all were hearing loss. The automatic welding workers received the regular follow-up and reexamination accounted for 28.03% of workers in this post, and the 69.57% of them had the length of service more than one year. The manual welding workers received the regular follow-up and reexamination accounted for 47.27% of workers in this post, and the 88.24% of them had the length of service more than one year.[Conclusion]The occupational protective equipment in this enterprise is satisfactory, but noise and its damage are serious. It is necessary to strengthen management and behavior interventions.
[Objective] To investigate the health status of welding workers in auto parts manufacturing enterprise of Qingpu District of Shanghai, provide the basis for formulating the prevention and control measures.[Methods] An auto parts manufacturing enterprise of Qingpu District of Shanghai was enrolled in this study. The occupational hazard factors in welding operation environment were detected, while the occupational health surveillance was performed among in-service welding workers,and the results were analyzed.[Results] The occupational hazard factors in welding operation were welding fumes, NO2, O3,manganese and its compounds and CO, 120 samples were detected for these factors respectively, and the qualified rate of all factors was 100% except that the qualified rate of noise was 93.75%. The automatic welding post and manual welding post had no significant differences in concentrations of occupational hazard factors(P>0.05). The workers who have received the regular follow-up and reexamination of health surveillance accounted for 33.69% of total workers, and all were hearing loss. The automatic welding workers received the regular follow-up and reexamination accounted for 28.03% of workers in this post, and the 69.57% of them had the length of service more than one year. The manual welding workers received the regular follow-up and reexamination accounted for 47.27% of workers in this post, and the 88.24% of them had the length of service more than one year.[Conclusion]The occupational protective equipment in this enterprise is satisfactory, but noise and its damage are serious. It is necessary to strengthen management and behavior interventions.
引文
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[9]高永红,许新春,马自钦,胡娥.长期暴露电焊作业队工人神经系统及心电图的影响[J].临床研究,2013,3(4):201-202.
[10]朱有根,周君富,郑寿贵,等.电焊作业臭氧对人体氧化应激作用研究[J].浙江预防医学,2007,19(3):3-4.
[11]阮宁,陈展鸿.长期吸入低浓度CO对作业工人神经系统影响的调查[J].医学动物防制,2004,20(11):669-670.
[12]王冠梅,陈晓梅,王晓莉.噪声和CO联合作用对听力的影响[J].医学动物防制,2006,22(9):697-698.
[13]陈小霞,李举跃,苏首勋.电焊烟尘与噪声联合作用对作业工人听力损伤的调查[J].中国职业医学,2009,36(1):87-88.
[2]蒋少波,刘甘泉.电焊作业工人健康状况和职业健康行为调查分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2008,19(6):43-45.
[3]李德鸿,江朝强,王祖兵,等.职业健康监护指南[M].上海:华东大学出版社,2007,321-325.
[4]吴喜江,黄在坤,祁光伟.噪声作业对生产工人听力影响的调查与分析[J].现代预防医学,1999,26(4):468-470.
[5]贺中汉,,何剑锋,黄伟乐.某公司噪声作业工人职业健康检查结果分析[J].社区医学杂志,2007,5(11):31-32.
[6]陈小霞,陈醒觉,朱长才.电焊作业对工人血清抗氧化系统的影响[J].工业卫生与职业病,2006,32(3):136.
[7]王先良.电焊对作业工人健康的影响[J].国外医学卫生学分册,2003,3(1):4-8.
[8]孙建滨.低浓度电焊烟尘对作业者心电图的影响[J].职业与健康,2010,26(23):2754-2755.
[9]高永红,许新春,马自钦,胡娥.长期暴露电焊作业队工人神经系统及心电图的影响[J].临床研究,2013,3(4):201-202.
[10]朱有根,周君富,郑寿贵,等.电焊作业臭氧对人体氧化应激作用研究[J].浙江预防医学,2007,19(3):3-4.
[11]阮宁,陈展鸿.长期吸入低浓度CO对作业工人神经系统影响的调查[J].医学动物防制,2004,20(11):669-670.
[12]王冠梅,陈晓梅,王晓莉.噪声和CO联合作用对听力的影响[J].医学动物防制,2006,22(9):697-698.
[13]陈小霞,李举跃,苏首勋.电焊烟尘与噪声联合作用对作业工人听力损伤的调查[J].中国职业医学,2009,36(1):87-88.
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