秦岭造山带卡林型—类卡林型金矿勘查与研究回顾
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摘要
20世纪70年代初,卡林型金矿理论传入中国,并与中国地质实际相结合,很快在西北和西南地区发现找矿线索并勘查出经典的卡林型小型金矿,至此拉开了中国大陆寻找卡林型金矿的序幕。20世纪70—80年代是我国学者对卡林型金矿研究和勘查比较系统的认识阶段,矿床理论得到深化,更加明确了卡林型金矿的内涵,并发现和勘查出数例经典卡林型金矿。20世纪90年代和21世纪之交,我国卡林型金矿勘查与研究步入收获阶段,在完善卡林型金矿内涵的基础上,根据已发现的一些大—中型卡林型金矿厘定出类卡林型金矿新亚类。在中国已经发现成群、成带集中分布的卡林型—类卡林型金矿,其控矿因素突显,成矿规律趋同,并构成西北和西南2个世界级规模的卡林型—类卡林型金三角金矿带。21世纪以来,我国卡林型金矿勘查与研究工作步入理性阶段,接连成功勘查几例超大型卡林型金矿,其中阳山金矿属于卡林型—类卡林型的复合类型。至此,对该类型金矿产出地质背景、形成地质条件与控矿因素、矿床类型、矿床成因和成矿规律的认识更加系统、完善和成熟。
In the early 1970's,Carlin-type gold deposits theory was introduced into China from the United States of America.Soon,geological workers found clues and explored some small classical Carlin type gold deposits in the northwest and southwest regions by combining this theory with Chinese geological reality.From that time on,the prelude for Carlin type gold deposits was opened in mainland China.1970s to 1980s is the stage of cognition about the Carlin type gold deposits,during this period,the scholars did more systematic research on the deposits,the deepening of deposit theory and cognition were promoted obviously.Through gold exploration and research,workers became more and more clear and established the connotation of Carlin type gold deposits,improved the understanding and correct ideas,several cases of classic Carlin type gold deposits were found and explored.The turn from the 1990s to the beginning of 21 centuries,exploration and research of Carlin type gold deposits got into the harvest time.And then,on the basis of improving connotation of Carlin type gold deposits,some large,mediumsized Carlin type gold deposits had discovered which were redefined as the Carlin-like type gold deposits.At that time,there are Carlin and Carlin-like type gold deposits in China,which distribute in groups or belts,with clear ore control factors and stability metallogenic regularity,and constituted the northwest,southwest two world scale Carlin and Carlin-like type Golden Triangle ore belt.The research and exploration have gone into rational stage since 21 century,some super-large Carlin type gold deposits were explored successfully in succession,Yangshan deposit is a sign of it,which belongs to Carlin and Carlin-like composite type.At this time,study on the geological background,formation conditions,control factors,origin and metallogenic regularity of the type deposits has become more systemic,perfect and well-rounded.
In the early 1970's,Carlin-type gold deposits theory was introduced into China from the United States of America.Soon,geological workers found clues and explored some small classical Carlin type gold deposits in the northwest and southwest regions by combining this theory with Chinese geological reality.From that time on,the prelude for Carlin type gold deposits was opened in mainland China.1970s to 1980s is the stage of cognition about the Carlin type gold deposits,during this period,the scholars did more systematic research on the deposits,the deepening of deposit theory and cognition were promoted obviously.Through gold exploration and research,workers became more and more clear and established the connotation of Carlin type gold deposits,improved the understanding and correct ideas,several cases of classic Carlin type gold deposits were found and explored.The turn from the 1990s to the beginning of 21 centuries,exploration and research of Carlin type gold deposits got into the harvest time.And then,on the basis of improving connotation of Carlin type gold deposits,some large,mediumsized Carlin type gold deposits had discovered which were redefined as the Carlin-like type gold deposits.At that time,there are Carlin and Carlin-like type gold deposits in China,which distribute in groups or belts,with clear ore control factors and stability metallogenic regularity,and constituted the northwest,southwest two world scale Carlin and Carlin-like type Golden Triangle ore belt.The research and exploration have gone into rational stage since 21 century,some super-large Carlin type gold deposits were explored successfully in succession,Yangshan deposit is a sign of it,which belongs to Carlin and Carlin-like composite type.At this time,study on the geological background,formation conditions,control factors,origin and metallogenic regularity of the type deposits has become more systemic,perfect and well-rounded.
引文
[1]王成辉,王登红,黄凡,等.中国金矿集区及其资源潜力探讨[J].中国地质,2012,39(5):1125-1142.
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[3]Romberger S B.Ore deposits 9,disseminated gold deposits[J].Geoscience Canada,1986,13(1):27-32.
[4]Wells J D,Mullens T E.Gold-bearing arsenian pyrite determined by microprobe analysis,Cortez and Carlin gold mines,Nevada[J].Economic Geology,1973,68(2):36-42.
[5]Alvarez A A,Noble D C.Sedimentary rock-hoted disseminated disseminated precious metal mineralization at Purisima conception,Yauricocha district,central Per u[J].Economic Geology,1988,83:1368-1378.
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[8]Sillitoe R H,Bonham H F.Sediment-hosted gold deposits:distalproductsofmagmatic-hydrothermalsystem[sJ].Geology,1990,18(2):157-161.
[9]张复新.陕西二台子金矿床黄铁矿的演化特征及其成因意义[J].矿物岩石,1984,4(1):22-28.
[10]朱赖民,胡瑞忠,刘显凡.关于黔西南微细浸染型金矿床成因的初步认识[J].矿产与地质,1977,11(5):296-302.
[11]张复新,季军良,龙灵利,等.南秦岭卡林型—似卡林型金矿床综合地质地球化学特征[J].地质论评,2001,47(5):492-499.
[12]涂光炽.南秦岭微细粒浸染型金矿地质与找矿[M].西安:陕西科技出版社,1997.
[13]张复新,王立社,侯俊富,等.秦岭造山带黑色岩系与金属矿床类型及成矿系列[J].中国地质,2009,36(3):695-705.
[14]张复新,魏宽义,马建秦,等.南秦岭微细粒浸染型金矿地质与找矿[M].西安:陕西科技出版社,1997.
[15]陈柏林.金矿床和金成矿作用研究进展[J].地质论评,2001,47(1):111-112.
[16]高菊生,王瑞廷,张复新,等.南秦岭寒武系黑色岩系中夏家店金矿床地质地球化学[J].中国地质,2006,33(6):1371-1378.
[17]张复新.秦岭微细粒浸染型层控锑金矿床金赋存状态研究[J].地质论评,1996,42(6):541-549.
[18]罗文耿,邢斌.陕西首次发现超基性岩中的微细球粒金[J].地质与勘探,1990,26(6):28.
[19]李九玲,冯大明.金在硫化物矿物中呈负价态存在及其形成机理初探[J].地质学报,1995,69(1):67-77.
[20]张复新,马建秦,魏宽义.镇安米粮微细浸染型金矿床与构造演化的关系[J].矿床地质,1995,14(1):26-34.
[21]杨荣生,陈衍景,张复新,等.甘肃阳山金矿独居石Th-UPb化学年龄及其地质和成矿意义[J].岩石学报,22(10):22(10):2603-2610.
[22]邵世才,汪东波.南秦岭三个典型金矿床的Ar-Ar年代及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2001,75(1):106-110.
[23]王靖华,张复新,于在平,等.秦岭金属矿床成矿系列与大陆造山带构造动力学背景[J].中国地质,2002,29(2):192-196.
[24]于学元,郑作平.南秦岭金矿成矿的几点认识[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,1996,15(3):162-165.
[25]王伟涛,肖丽,周铁锁,等.南秦岭夏家店卡林型金矿床构造特征与成矿关系[J].西北地质,2004,37(3):61-66.
[26]曹东宏,史文胜,杨登美,等.南秦岭镇旬盆地微细浸染型金矿成矿条件浅析[J].黄金科学技术,2013,21(3):21-26.
[27]张复新,马建秦,陈衍景.秦岭卡林型金矿床金、砷地球化学探讨[J].地球化学,1999,28(5):453-463.
[28]卢欣祥,于在平,冯有利,等.东秦岭深源浅成型花岗岩的成矿作用及地质构造背景[J].矿床地质,2002,21(2):168-177.
[29]齐金忠,杨贵才,李莉,等.甘肃省阳山金矿床稳定同位素地球化学成矿年代学及矿床成因[J].中国地质,2006,33(6):1345-1353.
[30]李红中,周永章,杨志军,等.西秦岭造山带硅质岩的成岩成矿演化特征——以八方山东—二里河矿区赋矿硅质岩为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2011,41(3):715-723.
[31]张复新,杜孝华,王伟涛,等.秦岭造山带及邻区中生代地质演化与成矿作用响应[J].地质科学,2004,39(4):486-495.
[32]郭俊华,齐金忠,孙彬,等.甘肃阳山特大型金地质特征及成因[J].黄金地质,2002,8(2):15-19.
[33]姜琪,王荣超.甘肃枣子沟金矿床形成环境及矿床成因[J].黄金科学技术,2010,18(4):37-40.
[34]杨贵才,齐金忠.甘肃省文县阳山金矿床地质特征及成矿物质来源[J].黄金科学技术,2008,16(4):20-24.
[35]Groff J A,Heizler M T,Mcintosh W C.40Ar-39Ar dating and mineral paragenesis for Carlin-type gold deposits along the Getchell trenl,Nevada:evidence for Cretaceous and Tertiary goldmineralization[J].EconomicGeology,1997,92:601-622.
[36]Greg B A,Stephen L.Gold and arsenic in iron sulfides from sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits:lmlica-tions for depositional processes[J].EconomicGeology,1993,88:171-185.
[2]Radtke A S,Rye R O,Dickson F W.Geology and stable isotope studies of the carlin gold deposit,Nerada[J].Economic矿产勘查与资源评价Geology,1980,75(5):641-672.
[3]Romberger S B.Ore deposits 9,disseminated gold deposits[J].Geoscience Canada,1986,13(1):27-32.
[4]Wells J D,Mullens T E.Gold-bearing arsenian pyrite determined by microprobe analysis,Cortez and Carlin gold mines,Nevada[J].Economic Geology,1973,68(2):36-42.
[5]Alvarez A A,Noble D C.Sedimentary rock-hoted disseminated disseminated precious metal mineralization at Purisima conception,Yauricocha district,central Per u[J].Economic Geology,1988,83:1368-1378.
[6]Arehart G B.Characteristics and origin of sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits:a review[J].Ore Geology Review,1996,16:383-403.
[7]张复新,侯俊富,张存旺,等.甘肃阳山超大卡林—类卡林型复合式金矿床特征[J].中国地质,2007,34(6):1058-1068.
[8]Sillitoe R H,Bonham H F.Sediment-hosted gold deposits:distalproductsofmagmatic-hydrothermalsystem[sJ].Geology,1990,18(2):157-161.
[9]张复新.陕西二台子金矿床黄铁矿的演化特征及其成因意义[J].矿物岩石,1984,4(1):22-28.
[10]朱赖民,胡瑞忠,刘显凡.关于黔西南微细浸染型金矿床成因的初步认识[J].矿产与地质,1977,11(5):296-302.
[11]张复新,季军良,龙灵利,等.南秦岭卡林型—似卡林型金矿床综合地质地球化学特征[J].地质论评,2001,47(5):492-499.
[12]涂光炽.南秦岭微细粒浸染型金矿地质与找矿[M].西安:陕西科技出版社,1997.
[13]张复新,王立社,侯俊富,等.秦岭造山带黑色岩系与金属矿床类型及成矿系列[J].中国地质,2009,36(3):695-705.
[14]张复新,魏宽义,马建秦,等.南秦岭微细粒浸染型金矿地质与找矿[M].西安:陕西科技出版社,1997.
[15]陈柏林.金矿床和金成矿作用研究进展[J].地质论评,2001,47(1):111-112.
[16]高菊生,王瑞廷,张复新,等.南秦岭寒武系黑色岩系中夏家店金矿床地质地球化学[J].中国地质,2006,33(6):1371-1378.
[17]张复新.秦岭微细粒浸染型层控锑金矿床金赋存状态研究[J].地质论评,1996,42(6):541-549.
[18]罗文耿,邢斌.陕西首次发现超基性岩中的微细球粒金[J].地质与勘探,1990,26(6):28.
[19]李九玲,冯大明.金在硫化物矿物中呈负价态存在及其形成机理初探[J].地质学报,1995,69(1):67-77.
[20]张复新,马建秦,魏宽义.镇安米粮微细浸染型金矿床与构造演化的关系[J].矿床地质,1995,14(1):26-34.
[21]杨荣生,陈衍景,张复新,等.甘肃阳山金矿独居石Th-UPb化学年龄及其地质和成矿意义[J].岩石学报,22(10):22(10):2603-2610.
[22]邵世才,汪东波.南秦岭三个典型金矿床的Ar-Ar年代及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2001,75(1):106-110.
[23]王靖华,张复新,于在平,等.秦岭金属矿床成矿系列与大陆造山带构造动力学背景[J].中国地质,2002,29(2):192-196.
[24]于学元,郑作平.南秦岭金矿成矿的几点认识[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,1996,15(3):162-165.
[25]王伟涛,肖丽,周铁锁,等.南秦岭夏家店卡林型金矿床构造特征与成矿关系[J].西北地质,2004,37(3):61-66.
[26]曹东宏,史文胜,杨登美,等.南秦岭镇旬盆地微细浸染型金矿成矿条件浅析[J].黄金科学技术,2013,21(3):21-26.
[27]张复新,马建秦,陈衍景.秦岭卡林型金矿床金、砷地球化学探讨[J].地球化学,1999,28(5):453-463.
[28]卢欣祥,于在平,冯有利,等.东秦岭深源浅成型花岗岩的成矿作用及地质构造背景[J].矿床地质,2002,21(2):168-177.
[29]齐金忠,杨贵才,李莉,等.甘肃省阳山金矿床稳定同位素地球化学成矿年代学及矿床成因[J].中国地质,2006,33(6):1345-1353.
[30]李红中,周永章,杨志军,等.西秦岭造山带硅质岩的成岩成矿演化特征——以八方山东—二里河矿区赋矿硅质岩为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2011,41(3):715-723.
[31]张复新,杜孝华,王伟涛,等.秦岭造山带及邻区中生代地质演化与成矿作用响应[J].地质科学,2004,39(4):486-495.
[32]郭俊华,齐金忠,孙彬,等.甘肃阳山特大型金地质特征及成因[J].黄金地质,2002,8(2):15-19.
[33]姜琪,王荣超.甘肃枣子沟金矿床形成环境及矿床成因[J].黄金科学技术,2010,18(4):37-40.
[34]杨贵才,齐金忠.甘肃省文县阳山金矿床地质特征及成矿物质来源[J].黄金科学技术,2008,16(4):20-24.
[35]Groff J A,Heizler M T,Mcintosh W C.40Ar-39Ar dating and mineral paragenesis for Carlin-type gold deposits along the Getchell trenl,Nevada:evidence for Cretaceous and Tertiary goldmineralization[J].EconomicGeology,1997,92:601-622.
[36]Greg B A,Stephen L.Gold and arsenic in iron sulfides from sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits:lmlica-tions for depositional processes[J].EconomicGeology,1993,88:171-185.
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