异养硝化细菌Acinetobacter junii NP1的同步脱氮除磷特性及动力学分析
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摘要
针对传统生物脱氮除磷过程存在工艺流程复杂、抗冲击负荷能力差、基建与运行费用高等问题,以具有高效脱氮除磷功能的异养硝化细菌Acinetobacter junii NP1为研究对象,开展其同步脱氮除磷性能、影响因子及动力学分析.结果表明,菌株NP1具有高效的异养硝化能力,氨氮最大去除率达99. 12%,反应过程只有少量的硝化中间产物积累,并且能够耐受较高的氨氮负荷.菌株NP1同时具有良好的好氧反硝化特性,能够利用亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐进行生长代谢,最大去除率分别为91. 40%和95. 10%.此外,菌株NP1异养硝化过程还伴随着同步的聚磷作用,适当的氮磷比有利于氮磷的同步去除,当氮磷比为5∶1时,最大氨氮和磷酸盐去除率分别为99. 21%和88. 35%.菌株NP1生长特性符合Logistic模型(R~2> 0. 99),氮素和磷酸盐降解过程则与修饰的Compertz模型相匹配(R~2> 0. 99),拟合所得氮和磷酸盐最大转化速率R_m为:氨氮>硝氮>亚硝氮,迟滞时间t_0为:硝氮>亚硝氮>氨氮.通过基质降解动力学以及氮磷去除率分析,最佳条件是碳源为琥珀酸钠、C/N=10、T=30℃以及r=160 r·min~(-1).
Due to the problems of traditional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal,including long process duration and high infrastructural and operational costs,the simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal capabilities,influencing factors and kinetic characteristics were systematically studied using the heterotrophic nitrifier Acinetobacter junii NP1 which possesses efficient simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability. The results showed that strain NP1 exhibited efficient heterotrophic nitrification ability with a maximum ammonia removal rate of 99. 12%. Furthermore,only small amounts of nitrification intermediates were accumulated during the reaction process. Strain NP1 also adapted well to higher ammonia nitrogen loading. In addition,strain NP1 had efficient aerobic denitrification characteristics,and could utilize nitrite and nitrate for growth and metabolism,achieving a maximum removal rate of91. 40% and 95. 10%,respectively. The heterotrophic nitrification process of strain NP1 was accompanied by simultaneous phosphorus accumulation,and the appropriate ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was beneficial for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. When the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was 5∶ 1,the maximum ammonia nitrogen and phosphate removal rates reached99. 21% and 88. 35%,respectively. The bacterial growth process of stain NP1 matched the Logistic model( R~2> 0. 99),and the nitrogen and phosphate degradation conformed to the Compertz model( R~2> 0. 99). The maximum conversion rates of nitrogen and phosphate( R_m) obtained by model fitting were in the order ammonia > nitrate > nitrite,and lag time( t_0) was in the order nitrate >nitrite > ammonia. According to the analysis of the degradation kinetics of the matrix and the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus,the optimal conditions were found to be sodium succinate,C/N = 10,T = 30℃,and r = 160 r·min~(-1).
Due to the problems of traditional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal,including long process duration and high infrastructural and operational costs,the simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal capabilities,influencing factors and kinetic characteristics were systematically studied using the heterotrophic nitrifier Acinetobacter junii NP1 which possesses efficient simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability. The results showed that strain NP1 exhibited efficient heterotrophic nitrification ability with a maximum ammonia removal rate of 99. 12%. Furthermore,only small amounts of nitrification intermediates were accumulated during the reaction process. Strain NP1 also adapted well to higher ammonia nitrogen loading. In addition,strain NP1 had efficient aerobic denitrification characteristics,and could utilize nitrite and nitrate for growth and metabolism,achieving a maximum removal rate of91. 40% and 95. 10%,respectively. The heterotrophic nitrification process of strain NP1 was accompanied by simultaneous phosphorus accumulation,and the appropriate ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was beneficial for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. When the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was 5∶ 1,the maximum ammonia nitrogen and phosphate removal rates reached99. 21% and 88. 35%,respectively. The bacterial growth process of stain NP1 matched the Logistic model( R~2> 0. 99),and the nitrogen and phosphate degradation conformed to the Compertz model( R~2> 0. 99). The maximum conversion rates of nitrogen and phosphate( R_m) obtained by model fitting were in the order ammonia > nitrate > nitrite,and lag time( t_0) was in the order nitrate >nitrite > ammonia. According to the analysis of the degradation kinetics of the matrix and the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus,the optimal conditions were found to be sodium succinate,C/N = 10,T = 30℃,and r = 160 r·min~(-1).
引文
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[30]陈青云,江林峰,陈建奇,等.高效异养硝化细菌Alcaligenes faecalis Ni3-1的分离及其脱氨特性研究[J].环境工程,2015,33(5):48-53.Chen Q Y,Jiang L F,Chen J Q,et al.Isolation and NH+4-Nremoval characteristics of a high-efficient heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium Alcaligenes faecalis Ni3-1[J].Environmental Engineering,2015,33(5):48-53.
[2]Liu Y X,Wang Y,Li Y,et al.Nitrogen removal characteristics of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification by Alcaligenes faecalis C16[J].Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering,2015,23(5):827-834.
[3]Huang F,Pan L Q,Lv N,et al.Characterization of novel Bacillus strain N31 from mariculture water capable of halophilic heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2017,124(5):564-571.
[4]王秀杰,王维奇,李军,等.异养硝化菌Acinetobacter sp.的分离鉴定及其脱氮特性[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(11):4241-4250.Wang X J,Wang W Q,Li J,et al.Isolation and identification of a heterotrophic nitrifier,Acinetobacter sp.,and its characteristics of nitrogen removal[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(11):4241-4250.
[5]汪旭晖,杨垒,任勇翔,等.异养硝化细菌Pseudomonas putida YH的脱氮特性及降解动力学[J].环境科学,2019,40(4):1892-1899.Wang X H,Yang L,Ren Y X,et al.Nitrogen removal by heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas putida YH and its kinetic characteristics[J].Environmental Science,2019,40(4):1892-1899.
[6]Su J F,Shi J X,Huang T L,et al.Kinetic analysis of simultaneous denitrification and biomineralization of novel Acinetobacter sp.CN86[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2016,109(1):87-94.
[7]Li C N,Yang J S,Wang X,et al.Removal of nitrogen by heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification of a phosphate accumulating bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri YG-24[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,182:18-25.
[8]Rout P R,Bhunia P,Dash R R.Simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorous from domestic wastewater using Bacillus cereus GS-5 strain exhibiting heterotrophic nitrification,aerobic denitrification and denitrifying phosphorous removal[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,244:484-495.
[9]Yang L,Ren Y X,Zhao S Q,et al.Isolation and characterization of three heterotrophic nitrifying-aerobic denitrifying bacteria from a sequencing batch reactor[J].Annals of Microbiology,2016,66(2):737-747.
[10]Buchanan R E,Gibbons N E.伯杰细菌鉴定手册[M].中国科学院微生物研究所《伯杰细菌鉴定手册》翻译组,译.(第八版).北京:科学出版社,1984.
[11]王光利,李新风,张辉,等.CTN-4降解百菌清的条件优化及动力学模型的研究[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(11):1999-2005.Wang G L,Li X F,Zhang H,et al.Optimization of CTN-4 to chlorothalonil-degrading conditions and a kinetics model[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(11):1999-2005.
[12]Chen J,Zhao B,An Q,et al.Kinetic characteristics and modelling of growth and substrate removal by Alcaligenes faecalis strain NR[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2016,39(4):593-601.
[13]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.254-279.
[14]Chen S H,He S Y,Wu C J,et al.Characteristics of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification bacterium Acinetobacter sp.T1 and its application for pig farm wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2019,127(2):201-205.
[15]Kim J K,Park K J,Cho K S,et al.Aerobic nitrificationdenitrification by heterotrophic Bacillus strains[J].Bioresource Technology,2005,96(17):1897-1906.
[16]宋宇杰,李屹,刘玉香,等.碳源和氮源对异养硝化好氧反硝化菌株Y1脱氮性能的影响[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(9):2491-2497.Song Y J,Li Y,Liu Y X,et al.Effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on nitrogen removal by a heterotrophic nitrificationaerobic denitrification strain Y1[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2013,33(9):2491-2497.
[17]Joo H S,Hirai M,Shoda M.Nitrification and denitrification in high-strength ammonium by Alcaligenes faecalis[J].Biotechnology Letters,2005,27(1):773-778.
[18]Wan W J,He D L,Xue Z J.Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification of a denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating bacterium Enterobacter cloacae HW-15[J].Ecological Engineering,2017,99:199-208.
[19]张婷月,丁钰,黄民生.异养硝化-好氧反硝化细菌的筛选及其脱氮性能研究[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,(6):22-31,87.Zhang T Y,Ding Y,Huang M S.Screening of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifying bacteria and its nitrogen removal characteristics[J].Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science),2018,(6):22-31,87.
[20]He T X,Li Z L,Sun Q,et al.Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification by Pseudomonas tolaasii Y-11 without nitrite accumulation during nitrogen conversion[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,200:493-499.
[21]金敏,王景峰,孔庆鑫,等.好氧异养硝化菌Acinetobacter sp.YY-5的分离鉴定及脱氮机理[J].应用与环境生物学报,2009,15(5):692-697.Jin M,Wang J F,Kong Q X,et al.Isolation and denitrification mechanism of an aerobic heterotrophic bacterium Acinetobacter sp.YY-5[J].Chinese Journal of Applied&Environmental Biology,2009,15(5):692-697.
[22]梁贤,任勇翔,杨垒,等.异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌YL的脱氮特性[J].环境科学,2015,36(5):1749-1756.Liang X,Ren Y X,Yang L,et al.Characteristics of nitrogen removal by a heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacterium YL[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(5):1749-1756.
[23]Yang X P,Wang S M,Zhang D W,et al.Isolation and nitrogen removal characteristics of an aerobic heterotrophic nitrifyingdenitrifying bacterium,Bacillus subtilis A1[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(2):854-862.
[24]姜磊,徐成斌,马溪平,等.1株好氧反硝化菌的分离鉴定和反硝化特性研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(3):12-15.Jiang L,Xu C B,Ma X P,et al.Identification and denitrification characteristics of an aerobic denitirfier[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2013,36(3):12-15.
[25]Ge Q L,Yue X P,Wang G Y.Simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification at high initial phenol concentration by isolated bacterium Diaphorobacter sp.PD-7[J].Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering,2015,23(5):835-841.
[26]杨秀玲,杨宗政,庞金钊,等.具有硝化作用的异养菌脱除氨氮的性能研究[J].天津科技大学学报,2005,20(1):24-26,48.Yang X L,Yang Z Z,Pang J Z,et al.Study on removal of NH3-N using nitrification and heterotrophic bacteria[J].Journal of Tianjin University of Science and Technology,2005,20(1):24-26,48.
[27]Jin R F,Liu T Q,Liu G F,et al.Simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification by the marine origin bacterium Pseudomonas sp.ADN-42[J].Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology,2015,175(4):2000-2011.
[28]颜薇芝,张汉强,余从田,等.1株异养硝化好氧反硝化不动杆菌的分离及脱氮性能[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(7):4419-4428.Yan W Z,Zhang H Q,Yu C T,et al.Isolation of Acinetobacter sp.YN3 and its heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification characters[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(7):4419-4428.
[29]Chen Q,Ni J R.Ammonium removal by Agrobacterium sp.LAD9 capable of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification[J].Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2012,113(5):619-623.
[30]陈青云,江林峰,陈建奇,等.高效异养硝化细菌Alcaligenes faecalis Ni3-1的分离及其脱氨特性研究[J].环境工程,2015,33(5):48-53.Chen Q Y,Jiang L F,Chen J Q,et al.Isolation and NH+4-Nremoval characteristics of a high-efficient heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium Alcaligenes faecalis Ni3-1[J].Environmental Engineering,2015,33(5):48-53.
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