企业开放式创新与突破性创新能力的关系——有调节的中介效应
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摘要
开放式创新是企业获取外部隐性知识和扩大社会资本的重要渠道,对企业提高自身突破性创新能力从而更加有效地实施突破性创新具有重要的意义。通过理论分析及对长三角高新技术企业的实证研究,得出以下结论:(1)企业开放式创新对技能型隐性知识获取、认知型隐性知识获取和突破性创新能力均有显著正向影响;(2)技能型隐性知识获取对企业突破性创新能力有显著正向影响,而认知型隐性知识获取对企业突破性创新能力的显著正向影响没有得到证实,但技能型隐性知识获取和认知型隐性知识获取显著正相关;(3)企业内外部社会资本在开放式创新和突破性创新能力之间均有正向调节作用,且前者的调节作用大于后者。
Open innovation is an important channel for enterprises to obtain external tacit knowledge and expand social capital, which is of great significance for enterprises to improve their breakthrough innovation ability and implement breakthrough innovation more effectively. Through theoretical analysis and empirical research on hightech enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta, this paper draws the following conclusions:(1) the open innovation of enterprises has a significant positive impact on the acquisition of skilled tacit knowledge, cognitive tacit knowledge acquisition and breakthrough innovation ability;(2) the acquisition of skilled tacit knowledge has a significant positive impact on the breakthrough innovation ability of enterprises, while the significant positive influence of cognitive tacit knowledge acquisition on the breakthrough innovation ability of enterprises has not been confirmed, but there is a significant positive correlation between the acquisition of skilled tacit knowledge and the acquisition of cognitive tacit knowledge;(3) the internal and external social capital of an enterprise plays a positive role in regulating the ability of open innovation and breakthrough innovation, and the regulating effect of the former is greater than that of the latter.
Open innovation is an important channel for enterprises to obtain external tacit knowledge and expand social capital, which is of great significance for enterprises to improve their breakthrough innovation ability and implement breakthrough innovation more effectively. Through theoretical analysis and empirical research on hightech enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta, this paper draws the following conclusions:(1) the open innovation of enterprises has a significant positive impact on the acquisition of skilled tacit knowledge, cognitive tacit knowledge acquisition and breakthrough innovation ability;(2) the acquisition of skilled tacit knowledge has a significant positive impact on the breakthrough innovation ability of enterprises, while the significant positive influence of cognitive tacit knowledge acquisition on the breakthrough innovation ability of enterprises has not been confirmed, but there is a significant positive correlation between the acquisition of skilled tacit knowledge and the acquisition of cognitive tacit knowledge;(3) the internal and external social capital of an enterprise plays a positive role in regulating the ability of open innovation and breakthrough innovation, and the regulating effect of the former is greater than that of the latter.
引文
[1]杨晓娜,彭灿,杨红.开放式创新对企业双元创新能力的影响:外部社会资本的调节作用[J].科技进步与对策,2018(13):86-92.
[2]陈志明.企业外向型开放式创新对突破性创新绩效的影响:组织协作机制的调节效应[J].科技管理研究,2016,36(13):16-22.
[3]高鹏,安立仁.隐性知识存在性表征及其传递过程模型[J].科研管理,2015,36(11):131-138.
[4]李倩,程刚,王夫芹.基于隐性知识共享的企业知识创新模型研究[J].情报理论与实践,2014,37(6):77-80.
[5]王仙雅,林盛,陈立芸,等.组织氛围、隐性知识共享行为与员工创新绩效关系的实证研究[J].软科学,2014,28(5):43-47.
[6]张德茗.企业隐性知识沟通的动力机制研究[J].中国软科学,2011(10):176-184.
[7]魏亚平,闫婧怡,刘建准.企业社会资本、知识管理与技术创新能力提升的集成框架模型研究[J].情报科学,2013(9):29-33.
[8]WEST J,GALLAGHER S.Challenges of open innovation:the paradox of firm investment in open-source software[J].R&D Management,2006,36(3):319-331.
[9]古继宝,王冰,吴剑琳.双向开放式创新、创新能力与新产品市场绩效[J].经济与管理研究,2017,38(11):134-144.
[10]袁健红,李慧华.开放式创新对企业创新新颖程度的影响[J].科学学研究,2009(12):1892-1899.
[11]INAUEN M,SCHENKER-WICKI A.Fostering radical innovations with open innovation[J].European Journal of Innovation Management,2012,15(2):212-231.
[12]SABIDUSSI A,LOKSHIN B,LEEUW T D,et al.A comparative perspective on external technology sourcing modalities[J].Journal of Engineering&Technology Management,2014,33:18-31.
[13]BALDWIN C,VON HIPPEL E.Modeling a paradigm shift:from producer innovation to user and open collaborative innovation[J].Organization Science,2011,22(6):1399-1417.
[14]CASSIMAN B,VALENTINI G.Open innovation:are inbound and outbound knowledge flows really complementary?[J].Strategic Management Journal,2016,37(6):1034-1046.
[15]LICHTENTHALER U.Outbound open innovation and its effect on firm performance:examining environmental influences[J].R&DManagement,2009,39(4):317-330.
[16]白景坤,丁军霞.网络能力与双元创新的关系:环境动态性的调节作用[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2016(8):138-148.
[17]POLANYI M.Personal knowledge[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1958.
[18]张庆普,李志超.企业隐性知识的特征与管理[J].经济理论与经济管理,2002(11):47-50.
[19]范钧,王进伟.网络能力、隐性知识获取与新创企业成长绩效[J].科学学研究,2011(9):1365-1373.
[20]张同健,蒲勇健.互惠性偏好、隐性知识转化与技术创新能力的相关性研究:基于研发型团队的数据检验[J].管理评论,2010(10):100-106.
[21]王仙雅,林盛,陈立芸,等.组织氛围、隐性知识共享行为与员工创新绩效关系的实证研究[J].软科学,2014(5):43-47.
[22]杨丽丽,兰玉杰.企业视角下个体技能型隐性知识的共享策略探索[J].南京审计学院学报,2008(2):49-52.
[23]范钧,郭立强,聂津君.网络能力、组织隐性知识获取与突破性创新绩效[J].科研管理,2014(1):16-24.
[24]游达明,朱思文.突破性技术创新中隐性知识吸收过程及规律研究[J].科技进步与对策,2014(6):11-15.
[25]黎继子,蔡根女.技术创新网络与隐性知识流转分析[J].研究与发展管理,2004(5):53-57.
[26]刘晓敏.隐性知识获取、机会能力与创业绩效[J].科技管理研究,2017(20):117-123.
[27]杨菲,安立仁,史贝贝,等.知识积累与双元创新能力动态反馈关系研究[J].管理学报,2017(11):1639-1649.
[28]BOURDIEU P,RICHARDSON J G.Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education[Z].New York:Greenwood,1986.
[29]COLEMAN J S.Social capital in the creation of human capital[J].American Journal of Sociology,1988,94:95-120.
[30]BURT R S.Structural holes:the social structure of competition[M].Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1992.
[31]NAHAPIET J,GHOSHAL S.Social capital,intellectual capital,and the organizational advantage[J].The Academy of Management Review,1998,23(2):242-266.
[32]程聪,谢洪明,陈盈,等.网络关系、内外部社会资本与技术创新关系研究[J].科研管理,2013(11):1-8.
[33]戴勇,朱桂龙,肖丁丁.内部社会资本、知识流动与创新:基于省级技术中心企业的实证研究[J].科学学研究,2011(7):1046-1055.
[34]戴万亮,张慧颖,金彦龙.内部社会资本对产品创新的影响:知识螺旋的中介效应[J].科学学研究,2012(8):145-153.
[35]王雷.外部社会资本与集群企业创新绩效的关系:知识溢出与学习效应的影响[J].管理学报,2013(3):444-450.
[36]张慧颖,吕爽.智力资本、创新类型及产品创新绩效关系研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2014(2):162-168.
[37]查成伟,陈万明,彭灿.外部社会资本、失败学习与突破性创新[J].中国科技论坛,2015(2):109-113.
[38]韦影,王昀.企业社会资本与知识转移的多层次研究综述[J].科研管理,2015(7):154-160.
[39]秦剑.吸收能力、知识转移与跨国公司的突破性创新绩效[J].财经科学,2012(11):84-93.
[40]徐礼伯,沈坤荣.知识经济条件下企业边界的决定:内外社会资本匹配的视角[J].中国工业经济,2014(10):85-96.
[41]CHESBROUGH H,CROWTHER A K.Beyond high tech:early adopters of open innovation in other industries[J].R&DManagement,2006,36(3):229-236.
[42]蔡宁,闫春.开放式创新绩效的测度:理论模型与实证检验[J].科学学研究,2013(3):469-480.
[43]竹内弘高,野中郁次郎.知识创造的螺旋:知识管理理论与案例研究[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2006.
[44]熊捷,孙道银.企业社会资本、技术知识获取与产品创新绩效关系研究[J].管理评论,2017,29(5):23-39.
[45]CHENG C C J,YANG C,SHEU C.Effects of open innovation and knowledge-based dynamic capabilities on radical innovation:an empirical study[J].Journal of Engineering&Technology Management,2016,41:79-91.
[46]吴明隆.结构方程模型:Amos实务进阶[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2013.
[47]野中郁次郎,竹内弘高.创造知识的企业[M].李萌,高飞,译.北京:知识产权出版社,2006:70-86.
[2]陈志明.企业外向型开放式创新对突破性创新绩效的影响:组织协作机制的调节效应[J].科技管理研究,2016,36(13):16-22.
[3]高鹏,安立仁.隐性知识存在性表征及其传递过程模型[J].科研管理,2015,36(11):131-138.
[4]李倩,程刚,王夫芹.基于隐性知识共享的企业知识创新模型研究[J].情报理论与实践,2014,37(6):77-80.
[5]王仙雅,林盛,陈立芸,等.组织氛围、隐性知识共享行为与员工创新绩效关系的实证研究[J].软科学,2014,28(5):43-47.
[6]张德茗.企业隐性知识沟通的动力机制研究[J].中国软科学,2011(10):176-184.
[7]魏亚平,闫婧怡,刘建准.企业社会资本、知识管理与技术创新能力提升的集成框架模型研究[J].情报科学,2013(9):29-33.
[8]WEST J,GALLAGHER S.Challenges of open innovation:the paradox of firm investment in open-source software[J].R&D Management,2006,36(3):319-331.
[9]古继宝,王冰,吴剑琳.双向开放式创新、创新能力与新产品市场绩效[J].经济与管理研究,2017,38(11):134-144.
[10]袁健红,李慧华.开放式创新对企业创新新颖程度的影响[J].科学学研究,2009(12):1892-1899.
[11]INAUEN M,SCHENKER-WICKI A.Fostering radical innovations with open innovation[J].European Journal of Innovation Management,2012,15(2):212-231.
[12]SABIDUSSI A,LOKSHIN B,LEEUW T D,et al.A comparative perspective on external technology sourcing modalities[J].Journal of Engineering&Technology Management,2014,33:18-31.
[13]BALDWIN C,VON HIPPEL E.Modeling a paradigm shift:from producer innovation to user and open collaborative innovation[J].Organization Science,2011,22(6):1399-1417.
[14]CASSIMAN B,VALENTINI G.Open innovation:are inbound and outbound knowledge flows really complementary?[J].Strategic Management Journal,2016,37(6):1034-1046.
[15]LICHTENTHALER U.Outbound open innovation and its effect on firm performance:examining environmental influences[J].R&DManagement,2009,39(4):317-330.
[16]白景坤,丁军霞.网络能力与双元创新的关系:环境动态性的调节作用[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2016(8):138-148.
[17]POLANYI M.Personal knowledge[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1958.
[18]张庆普,李志超.企业隐性知识的特征与管理[J].经济理论与经济管理,2002(11):47-50.
[19]范钧,王进伟.网络能力、隐性知识获取与新创企业成长绩效[J].科学学研究,2011(9):1365-1373.
[20]张同健,蒲勇健.互惠性偏好、隐性知识转化与技术创新能力的相关性研究:基于研发型团队的数据检验[J].管理评论,2010(10):100-106.
[21]王仙雅,林盛,陈立芸,等.组织氛围、隐性知识共享行为与员工创新绩效关系的实证研究[J].软科学,2014(5):43-47.
[22]杨丽丽,兰玉杰.企业视角下个体技能型隐性知识的共享策略探索[J].南京审计学院学报,2008(2):49-52.
[23]范钧,郭立强,聂津君.网络能力、组织隐性知识获取与突破性创新绩效[J].科研管理,2014(1):16-24.
[24]游达明,朱思文.突破性技术创新中隐性知识吸收过程及规律研究[J].科技进步与对策,2014(6):11-15.
[25]黎继子,蔡根女.技术创新网络与隐性知识流转分析[J].研究与发展管理,2004(5):53-57.
[26]刘晓敏.隐性知识获取、机会能力与创业绩效[J].科技管理研究,2017(20):117-123.
[27]杨菲,安立仁,史贝贝,等.知识积累与双元创新能力动态反馈关系研究[J].管理学报,2017(11):1639-1649.
[28]BOURDIEU P,RICHARDSON J G.Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education[Z].New York:Greenwood,1986.
[29]COLEMAN J S.Social capital in the creation of human capital[J].American Journal of Sociology,1988,94:95-120.
[30]BURT R S.Structural holes:the social structure of competition[M].Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1992.
[31]NAHAPIET J,GHOSHAL S.Social capital,intellectual capital,and the organizational advantage[J].The Academy of Management Review,1998,23(2):242-266.
[32]程聪,谢洪明,陈盈,等.网络关系、内外部社会资本与技术创新关系研究[J].科研管理,2013(11):1-8.
[33]戴勇,朱桂龙,肖丁丁.内部社会资本、知识流动与创新:基于省级技术中心企业的实证研究[J].科学学研究,2011(7):1046-1055.
[34]戴万亮,张慧颖,金彦龙.内部社会资本对产品创新的影响:知识螺旋的中介效应[J].科学学研究,2012(8):145-153.
[35]王雷.外部社会资本与集群企业创新绩效的关系:知识溢出与学习效应的影响[J].管理学报,2013(3):444-450.
[36]张慧颖,吕爽.智力资本、创新类型及产品创新绩效关系研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2014(2):162-168.
[37]查成伟,陈万明,彭灿.外部社会资本、失败学习与突破性创新[J].中国科技论坛,2015(2):109-113.
[38]韦影,王昀.企业社会资本与知识转移的多层次研究综述[J].科研管理,2015(7):154-160.
[39]秦剑.吸收能力、知识转移与跨国公司的突破性创新绩效[J].财经科学,2012(11):84-93.
[40]徐礼伯,沈坤荣.知识经济条件下企业边界的决定:内外社会资本匹配的视角[J].中国工业经济,2014(10):85-96.
[41]CHESBROUGH H,CROWTHER A K.Beyond high tech:early adopters of open innovation in other industries[J].R&DManagement,2006,36(3):229-236.
[42]蔡宁,闫春.开放式创新绩效的测度:理论模型与实证检验[J].科学学研究,2013(3):469-480.
[43]竹内弘高,野中郁次郎.知识创造的螺旋:知识管理理论与案例研究[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2006.
[44]熊捷,孙道银.企业社会资本、技术知识获取与产品创新绩效关系研究[J].管理评论,2017,29(5):23-39.
[45]CHENG C C J,YANG C,SHEU C.Effects of open innovation and knowledge-based dynamic capabilities on radical innovation:an empirical study[J].Journal of Engineering&Technology Management,2016,41:79-91.
[46]吴明隆.结构方程模型:Amos实务进阶[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2013.
[47]野中郁次郎,竹内弘高.创造知识的企业[M].李萌,高飞,译.北京:知识产权出版社,2006:70-86.
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