宁夏2016-2017年土源性线虫感染监测
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摘要
为了解宁夏土源性线虫感染现状, 2016-2017年在贺兰县、海原县及平罗县等3个监测点,每个监测点按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡镇的1个行政村开展监测,每个行政村整群抽取3周岁以上常住居民200人。收集调查对象粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法(一粪二检)查土源性线虫虫卵,采用问卷调查收集调查对象信息。结果显示, 2016-2017年,总感染率为1.4%(83/6 047),其中海原县的感染率(2.2%, 45/2 059)高于其他县区(P <0.05)。女性感染率为1.6%(50/3 099),男性感染率为1.1%(33/2 948),差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。≥60岁和40～59岁人群感染率较高,分别为1.7%(26/1 519)和1.8%(33/1 852),各年龄组间差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。农民感染率最高,为1.6%(71/4 528),各职业组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。高中及以上文化程度感染率最高,为1.6%(17/1 034),不同文化程度组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。宁夏土源性线虫感染呈下降趋势,需采取分类指导措施,降低感染水平。
To understand the current prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode(STN) infections in Ningxia, total 3 counties(Helan County, Haiyuan County and Pingluo County) were chosen and 5 villages were selected from each county, based on the evenly geographical distribution, as survey sites. Each site included 200 permanent residents with age of over 3 years old. The stool samples were collected from each enrolled villager and the eggs of STNs were examined under microscope in duplicate using modified Kato-Katz thick smear method. Questionnaire was used to collect the information of the respondents. Results showed that an overall prevalence of STN infections in Ningxia from 2016-2017 was 1.4%(83/6 047). The STN prevalence in Haiyuan County(2.2%, 45/2 059) was higher than that in other counties with significant difference( P < 0.05), however, there was no significant difference in prevalence between females(1.6%, 50/3 099) and males(1.1%, 33/2 948)( P > 0.05). Participants with age over 60 or between 40-59 had the highest prevalence(1.7%, 26/1 519 and 1.8%, 33/1 852, respectively) with statistical signif-icance compared to that in other age groups( P < 0.05). Farmers had higher infection rate(1.6%, 71/4 528) than people with other occupations, and participants with education of high school and above had higher infection rate(1.6%, 17/1 034)(P > 0.05) than people with other education levels, but these difference had no statistical difference. The infection of soil-transmitted nematodes keeps a decreasing trend in Ningxia, and it is necessary to adopt different measures and guidance in different areas to reduce the infection.
To understand the current prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode(STN) infections in Ningxia, total 3 counties(Helan County, Haiyuan County and Pingluo County) were chosen and 5 villages were selected from each county, based on the evenly geographical distribution, as survey sites. Each site included 200 permanent residents with age of over 3 years old. The stool samples were collected from each enrolled villager and the eggs of STNs were examined under microscope in duplicate using modified Kato-Katz thick smear method. Questionnaire was used to collect the information of the respondents. Results showed that an overall prevalence of STN infections in Ningxia from 2016-2017 was 1.4%(83/6 047). The STN prevalence in Haiyuan County(2.2%, 45/2 059) was higher than that in other counties with significant difference( P < 0.05), however, there was no significant difference in prevalence between females(1.6%, 50/3 099) and males(1.1%, 33/2 948)( P > 0.05). Participants with age over 60 or between 40-59 had the highest prevalence(1.7%, 26/1 519 and 1.8%, 33/1 852, respectively) with statistical signif-icance compared to that in other age groups( P < 0.05). Farmers had higher infection rate(1.6%, 71/4 528) than people with other occupations, and participants with education of high school and above had higher infection rate(1.6%, 17/1 034)(P > 0.05) than people with other education levels, but these difference had no statistical difference. The infection of soil-transmitted nematodes keeps a decreasing trend in Ningxia, and it is necessary to adopt different measures and guidance in different areas to reduce the infection.
引文
[1]付益仁,吴向林,段红菊,等.宁夏农村居民土源性线虫感染状况分析[J].宁夏医学杂志,2018,40(8):756-758.
[2]汤林华,许隆祺,陈颖丹.中国寄生虫病防治与研究[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,2012:677-678.
[3]吴向林,赵建华,冯运灵,等.宁夏人群土源性线虫感染现状分析[J].宁夏医学杂志,2013,35(1):21-23.
[4]陈颖丹,臧炜.我国土源性线虫病监测现状及今后监测工作重点[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2015,27(2):111-114.
[5]朱爱娅,杜坤,李安梅,等. 2011-2015年贵州省土源性线虫感染监测结果分析[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2017,35(5):445-449,455.
[6]蔺西萌,崔兆麟,许汴利,等.健康教育为主的肠道寄生虫防治策略研究[J].中国健康教育,2000,16(3):161-162.
[7]蔺西萌,许汴利,李辉,等.全民驱虫模式的探讨[J].中国寄生虫病防治杂志,2004,15(5):9-10.
[8]吴向林,段红菊,付益仁,等. 2015-2016年宁夏农村地区人群蛔虫感染及土壤蛔虫卵污染情况调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2019,37(2):173-177.
[9]张西才,张勇,李春贵,等. 2015年安徽太和县人体土源性线虫感染现状调查与分析[J].热带病与寄生虫学,2016,14(3):160-162.
[10]李召军,陈喆,辜小南,等.江西省土源性线虫病综合防治示范区的防治效果[J].江西医药,2015,50(12):1512-1515.
[11]葛军,高晓晖,杭春琴,等. 2014年江西省土源性线虫感染现状调查分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(9):825-828.
[12]彭佳,吴方伟,杨亚明,等.云南省四川盆地生态区人体重点寄生虫病感染调查[J].中国热带医学,2019,19(1):23-26,39.
[13]谢君,李珊珊,陈亚林. 2011-2015年重庆市土源性线虫市级监测点监测结果分析[J].热带病与寄生虫学,2018,16(1):1-4.
[14]张静宵,刘玉芳,程时磊,等. 2015年青海省人体重点寄生虫感染现状调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2019,37(2):178-182.
[15]陈宝建,谢汉国,张榕燕,等. 2015年福建省人体重点寄生虫感染现状调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2019,37(1):1-6.
[2]汤林华,许隆祺,陈颖丹.中国寄生虫病防治与研究[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,2012:677-678.
[3]吴向林,赵建华,冯运灵,等.宁夏人群土源性线虫感染现状分析[J].宁夏医学杂志,2013,35(1):21-23.
[4]陈颖丹,臧炜.我国土源性线虫病监测现状及今后监测工作重点[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2015,27(2):111-114.
[5]朱爱娅,杜坤,李安梅,等. 2011-2015年贵州省土源性线虫感染监测结果分析[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2017,35(5):445-449,455.
[6]蔺西萌,崔兆麟,许汴利,等.健康教育为主的肠道寄生虫防治策略研究[J].中国健康教育,2000,16(3):161-162.
[7]蔺西萌,许汴利,李辉,等.全民驱虫模式的探讨[J].中国寄生虫病防治杂志,2004,15(5):9-10.
[8]吴向林,段红菊,付益仁,等. 2015-2016年宁夏农村地区人群蛔虫感染及土壤蛔虫卵污染情况调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2019,37(2):173-177.
[9]张西才,张勇,李春贵,等. 2015年安徽太和县人体土源性线虫感染现状调查与分析[J].热带病与寄生虫学,2016,14(3):160-162.
[10]李召军,陈喆,辜小南,等.江西省土源性线虫病综合防治示范区的防治效果[J].江西医药,2015,50(12):1512-1515.
[11]葛军,高晓晖,杭春琴,等. 2014年江西省土源性线虫感染现状调查分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(9):825-828.
[12]彭佳,吴方伟,杨亚明,等.云南省四川盆地生态区人体重点寄生虫病感染调查[J].中国热带医学,2019,19(1):23-26,39.
[13]谢君,李珊珊,陈亚林. 2011-2015年重庆市土源性线虫市级监测点监测结果分析[J].热带病与寄生虫学,2018,16(1):1-4.
[14]张静宵,刘玉芳,程时磊,等. 2015年青海省人体重点寄生虫感染现状调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2019,37(2):178-182.
[15]陈宝建,谢汉国,张榕燕,等. 2015年福建省人体重点寄生虫感染现状调查[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2019,37(1):1-6.
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