北京市东城区老年人抑郁状况与日常生活能力及主观幸福感的关系
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摘要
目的了解北京市东城区老年人抑郁状况与日常生活能力及主观幸福感的关系。方法 2016年6月—2018年6月抽取北京市东城区235例老年人作为调查对象,采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)和纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表(MUNSF)进行调查并汇总信息,并对数据进行分析。结果 235例老年人PHQ-9整体平均得分为16.24±0.75,其中有抑郁症状145例,占61.70%;ADL整体平均得分为32.17±3.58,MUNSF整体平均得分为33.02±2.54。Person相关分析显示,老年人PHQ-9各维度得分分别与ADL各维度呈正相关(r=0.363～0.737,P<0.05),与MUNSF各维度呈负相关(r=-0.442～-0.249,P<0.05);性别、年龄、婚姻状况、患慢性病种类、民族、宗教信仰、家庭收入、ADL和MUNSF是影响抑郁发生的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论老年人抑郁状况与日常生活能力及主观幸福感具有密切联系,抑郁程度越严重,日常生活能力越差,主观幸福感越低。因此,应采取积极措施提高老年人的日常生活能力,改善主观幸福感,利于缓解抑郁症状。
[Objective]To explore the relationships between depression with daily life ability and subjective well-being of elderly people in Dongcheng District of Beijing. [Methods] From June 2016 to June 2018, 235 elderly people in Dongcheng District of Beijing were selected as the subjects, the Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale(PHQ-9), Daily Living Capacity Scale(ADL), and the Memorial University of Newfoundland's happiness scale(MUNSF) were used to investigate and collect information,and the data were analyzed. [Results] The overall average score of the PHQ-9 in 235 elderly people was 16.24±0.75, including145 cases of depressive symptoms, which accounted for 61.70%. The overall average score of ADL was 32.17 ±3.58, and the overall average score of MUNSF was 33.02±2.54. Person correlation analysis showed that the each dimension score of PHQ-9 was positively correlated with each dimension of ADL respectively(r=0.363-0.737, P<0.05), and was negatively correlated with each dimension of MUNSF(r=-0.442--0.249, P<0.05). Gender, age, marital status, chronic disease type, ethnic, religious belief, family income,ADL and MUNSF were the risk factors for depressive symptoms(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The depressive state of the elderly people is closely related to the daily life ability and subjective well-being. The more serious the depression, the poorer the daily life and the lower the subjective well-being. Therefore, positive measures should be taken to improve the daily living ability of the elderly people, improve subjective well-being, and alleviate depression symptoms.
[Objective]To explore the relationships between depression with daily life ability and subjective well-being of elderly people in Dongcheng District of Beijing. [Methods] From June 2016 to June 2018, 235 elderly people in Dongcheng District of Beijing were selected as the subjects, the Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale(PHQ-9), Daily Living Capacity Scale(ADL), and the Memorial University of Newfoundland's happiness scale(MUNSF) were used to investigate and collect information,and the data were analyzed. [Results] The overall average score of the PHQ-9 in 235 elderly people was 16.24±0.75, including145 cases of depressive symptoms, which accounted for 61.70%. The overall average score of ADL was 32.17 ±3.58, and the overall average score of MUNSF was 33.02±2.54. Person correlation analysis showed that the each dimension score of PHQ-9 was positively correlated with each dimension of ADL respectively(r=0.363-0.737, P<0.05), and was negatively correlated with each dimension of MUNSF(r=-0.442--0.249, P<0.05). Gender, age, marital status, chronic disease type, ethnic, religious belief, family income,ADL and MUNSF were the risk factors for depressive symptoms(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The depressive state of the elderly people is closely related to the daily life ability and subjective well-being. The more serious the depression, the poorer the daily life and the lower the subjective well-being. Therefore, positive measures should be taken to improve the daily living ability of the elderly people, improve subjective well-being, and alleviate depression symptoms.
引文
[1]李珍,甄薇,毛宗福.武汉市社区老年人抑郁状况及其影响因素研究[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(1):102-105.
[2]宋晓琳,靳修,芦鸿雁,等.高龄老年病人出院1年内日常生活能力与抑郁状况的相关性分析[J].护理研究,2017,31(5):594-597.
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[4]KROENKE K,SPITZER RL,WILLIAMS JBW. The PHQ-9[J]. J Gen Intern Med,2001,16(9):606-613.
[5]汪向东,王希林,马弘,等.心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版)[M].北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:185-186.
[6]KOZMA A,STONES MJ. The measurement of happiness:development of the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness(MUNSH)[J].J Gerontol,1980,35(6):906.
[7]朱娜,秦虹云,张明.2014年上海市浦东新区社区老人抑郁的影响因素及社会支持状况的现况调查[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(7):804-807.
[8]李修德,鲍远松,陶芳标,等.皖西地区60岁及以上社区老年人抑郁现状及危险因素筛查[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(18):3333-3338.
[9]陈玉明,庄晓伟,刘寒,等.上海市社区老年人常见心理问题现况及其影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(30):3781-3785.
[10]MCDONALD WM,PETRIDES G,AARONSON ST,et al.Session 412-The assessment and management of treatment resistant depression in the elderly[J].Am J Geriatr Psychiatry,2018,26(3):S52-S53.
[11]庄晓伟,陈玉明,刘寒,等.老年人的心理健康与日常生活活动能力、社会支持的横断面调查研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2017,32(10):1162-1166.
[12]朱琳,徐慰,安媛媛,等.乳腺癌患者创伤后应激障碍对生命质量的影响:抑郁和照顾者压力的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2018,26(2):225-229.
[13]KOHRT BA,LUITEL NP,PRAKASH A,et al.Detection of depression in low resource settings:validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)and cultural concepts of distress in Nepal[J].Bmc Psychiatry,2016,16(1):58.
[14]高凤英,赵淼,张小丽,等.抑郁老年人日常生活活动能力与生存质量的关系研究[J].护理研究,2017,31(14):1714-1716.
[15]李漫漫,付轶男,吴茂春,等.老年人日常生活活动能力与抑郁相关性的研究[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(21):3957-3961.
[16]李贝.广东省高校离退休老人幸福度及影响因素分析[J].重庆医学,2016,45(9):1249-1250.
[17]SENDRAGUTIE RREZ JM,ASENSIOMORENO I,VARGASARAGN ML.Characteristics and factors associated with depression in the elderly in Spain from a gender perspective[J]. Actas Esp Psiquiatr,2017,45(5):185-200.
[18]卢灿杰,周英,潘胜茂,等.广州市社区老年人抑郁现状及影响因素分析[J].护理研究,2017,31(3):324-326.
[19]郝艳华,马振玲,姜亚芳.北京市某社区200名老年人抑郁症状调查及其影响因素分析[J].中国护理管理,2016,16(4):491-494.
[20]王智玉,李晓珺,马青峰,等.空巢老人日常生活能力、焦虑和抑郁情绪对主观幸福感的影响[J].职业与健康,2016,32(11):1524-1529.
[21]苏桦,张丹霞,董时广,等.2014年深圳市福田区空巢老人抑郁孤独情绪状况及影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(8):942-946.
[2]宋晓琳,靳修,芦鸿雁,等.高龄老年病人出院1年内日常生活能力与抑郁状况的相关性分析[J].护理研究,2017,31(5):594-597.
[3]齐芳.住院空巢老人焦虑抑郁和主观幸福感现状及影响因素研究[J].护理管理杂志,2016,16(6):385-387.
[4]KROENKE K,SPITZER RL,WILLIAMS JBW. The PHQ-9[J]. J Gen Intern Med,2001,16(9):606-613.
[5]汪向东,王希林,马弘,等.心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版)[M].北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:185-186.
[6]KOZMA A,STONES MJ. The measurement of happiness:development of the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness(MUNSH)[J].J Gerontol,1980,35(6):906.
[7]朱娜,秦虹云,张明.2014年上海市浦东新区社区老人抑郁的影响因素及社会支持状况的现况调查[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(7):804-807.
[8]李修德,鲍远松,陶芳标,等.皖西地区60岁及以上社区老年人抑郁现状及危险因素筛查[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(18):3333-3338.
[9]陈玉明,庄晓伟,刘寒,等.上海市社区老年人常见心理问题现况及其影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(30):3781-3785.
[10]MCDONALD WM,PETRIDES G,AARONSON ST,et al.Session 412-The assessment and management of treatment resistant depression in the elderly[J].Am J Geriatr Psychiatry,2018,26(3):S52-S53.
[11]庄晓伟,陈玉明,刘寒,等.老年人的心理健康与日常生活活动能力、社会支持的横断面调查研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2017,32(10):1162-1166.
[12]朱琳,徐慰,安媛媛,等.乳腺癌患者创伤后应激障碍对生命质量的影响:抑郁和照顾者压力的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2018,26(2):225-229.
[13]KOHRT BA,LUITEL NP,PRAKASH A,et al.Detection of depression in low resource settings:validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)and cultural concepts of distress in Nepal[J].Bmc Psychiatry,2016,16(1):58.
[14]高凤英,赵淼,张小丽,等.抑郁老年人日常生活活动能力与生存质量的关系研究[J].护理研究,2017,31(14):1714-1716.
[15]李漫漫,付轶男,吴茂春,等.老年人日常生活活动能力与抑郁相关性的研究[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(21):3957-3961.
[16]李贝.广东省高校离退休老人幸福度及影响因素分析[J].重庆医学,2016,45(9):1249-1250.
[17]SENDRAGUTIE RREZ JM,ASENSIOMORENO I,VARGASARAGN ML.Characteristics and factors associated with depression in the elderly in Spain from a gender perspective[J]. Actas Esp Psiquiatr,2017,45(5):185-200.
[18]卢灿杰,周英,潘胜茂,等.广州市社区老年人抑郁现状及影响因素分析[J].护理研究,2017,31(3):324-326.
[19]郝艳华,马振玲,姜亚芳.北京市某社区200名老年人抑郁症状调查及其影响因素分析[J].中国护理管理,2016,16(4):491-494.
[20]王智玉,李晓珺,马青峰,等.空巢老人日常生活能力、焦虑和抑郁情绪对主观幸福感的影响[J].职业与健康,2016,32(11):1524-1529.
[21]苏桦,张丹霞,董时广,等.2014年深圳市福田区空巢老人抑郁孤独情绪状况及影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(8):942-946.
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