MMC-HVDC系统的充电启动方案和现场试验
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摘要
基于模块化多电平电压源型换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的柔性直流输电(MMC-HVDC)系统的充电启动过程受到交流电网运行状态的影响。针对此问题,以两端系统为例,对MMC-HVDC系统结构和MMC功率模块充电控制原理进行分析,指出MMC-HVDC系统具有两种充电启动方案以及需要分阶段进行充电控制的原因。在此基础上,提出适用于有源或无源电网下的MMC-HVDC系统充电启动方案,通过控制功率模块绝缘栅双极型晶闸管的触发脉冲和利用有源侧换流器为无源侧充电等方法,实现MMC-HVDC系统的启动和无源电网的黑启动。现场试验结果验证了该方案的有效性。
Charging start-up of the MMC-HVDC system based on the modular multilevel converter(MMC) is affected by operating state of the AC power grid. Therefore, taking a two-terminal system for an example, this paper analyzes the structure of the MMC-HVDC system and charging control principle of MMC power modular and points out two charging start-up programs for the MMC-HVDC system and reasons for staged charging control. Furthermore, it proposes a charging start-up program for the MMC-HVDC system suitable for the active power grid or the passive power grid which is to control trigger pulse of the IGBT or utilize the active-side MMC to charge for the passive-side MMC to realize start-up of the MMC-HVDC system and black-start of the passive power grid. Field test verifies effectiveness of this charging program.
Charging start-up of the MMC-HVDC system based on the modular multilevel converter(MMC) is affected by operating state of the AC power grid. Therefore, taking a two-terminal system for an example, this paper analyzes the structure of the MMC-HVDC system and charging control principle of MMC power modular and points out two charging start-up programs for the MMC-HVDC system and reasons for staged charging control. Furthermore, it proposes a charging start-up program for the MMC-HVDC system suitable for the active power grid or the passive power grid which is to control trigger pulse of the IGBT or utilize the active-side MMC to charge for the passive-side MMC to realize start-up of the MMC-HVDC system and black-start of the passive power grid. Field test verifies effectiveness of this charging program.
引文
[1] 肖世杰,阙波,李继红,等.基于模块化多电平换流器的柔性直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2018.
[2] 徐政.柔性直流输电系统[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2017.
[3] 汤广福.基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010:3-7.
[4] 王珂,骆健,杨胜春,等.向无源网络供电的VSC-HVDC 启动控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(增刊1):277-281.WANG Ke,LUO Jian,YANG Shengchun,et al.Startup procedures for the VSC-HVDC system supplying power to passive network [J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(S1):277-281.
[5] 张静,徐政,陈海荣.VSC-HVDC系统启动控制[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(9):159-165.ZHANG Jing,XU Zheng,CHEN Hairong.Startup procedures for the VSC-HVDC system[J].Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(9):159-165.
[6] 周月宾,江道灼,郭捷,等.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电系统的启停控制[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):206-207.ZHOU Yuebin,JIANG Daozhuo,GUO Jie,et al.Start/stop control of modular multilevel converter based HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(3):206-207.
[7] 孔明,邱宇峰,贺之渊,等.模块式多电平式柔性直流输电换流器的预充电控制策略[J].电网技术,2011,35(11):67- 73.KONG Ming,QIU Yufeng,HE Zhiyuan,et al.Pre-charging control strategies of modular multilevel converter for VSC-HVDC[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(11):67-73.
[8] 董云龙,田杰,黄晓明,等.模块化多电平换流器的直流侧主动充电策略[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(24):68-70.DONG Yunlong,TIAN Jie,HUANG Xiaoming,et al.A DC-side active charging steategy for modular multilevel converters[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2014,38(24):68-70.
[9] 周剑,黄磊,刘春晓,等.基于鲁西背靠背柔性直流系统的南方电网黑启动方案[J].南方电网技术,2017,11(6):8-14.ZHOU Jian,HUANG Lei,LIU Chunxiao,et al.Black-start scheme of China Southern Power Grid based on Luxi back-to-back VSC-HVDC system[J].Southern Power System Technology,2017,11(6):8-14.
[10] 徐政,张哲任,刘高任.柔性直流输电网的电压控制原理研究[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):54-59.XU Zheng,ZHANG Zheren,LIU Gaoren.Research on voltage control principle of flexible DC transmission power grid[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):54-59.
[11] 李探,赵成勇,王朝亮.用于电网黑启动的MMC-HVDC系统换流站启动策略[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(9):117-122.LI Tan,ZHAO Chengyong,WANG Chaoliang.Startup schemes for converter station of MMC-HVDC system applied in grid black start[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2013,37(9):117-122.
[12] 刘志江,夏成军,杜兆斌.多端柔性直流输电系统直流电压模糊控制策略[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(2):21-26,87.LIU Zhijiang,XIA Chengjun,DU Zhaobin.Research of DC voltage fuzzy control strategy for VSC-MTDC systems[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(2):21-26,87.
[13] 徐雨哲,徐政,张哲任,等.基于LCC和混合型MMC的混合直流输电系统控制策略[J].广东电力,2018,31(9):13-25.XU Yuzhe,XU Zheng,ZHANG Zheren,et al.Control strategy for hybrid HVDC transmission system based on LCC and hybrid MMC[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(9):13-25.
[14] 曹乐萌,赵巧娥,高金城,等.HVDC系统中MMC换流器控制策略研究[J].智慧电力,2017,45(10):31-36.CAO Lemeng,ZHAO Qiao’e,GAO Jincheng,et al.Research on control strategy for MMC converter in HVDC system[J].Smart Power,2017,45(10):31-36.
[15] 李兴建,王庆,刘洪德,等.一种柔性直流子模块测试装置的研制及应用[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(5):114-119.LI Xinjian,WANG Qing ,LIU Hongde ,et al.Research and application of test for flexible HVDC sub-module [J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36 (5):114-119.
[16] 吴俊,方芳,赵晓明.柔性直流输电舟洋换流站无源HVDC启动试验中典型故障分析[J].浙江电力,2016,35(1):6-9.WU Jun,FANG Fang,ZHAO Xiaoming.Analysis on typical faults in passive HVDC startup tests in Zhouyang VSC-HVDC converter station[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2016,35(1):6-9.
[17] 杨燕,林勇,徐蔚,等.乌东德多端直流输电对广东电网安全稳定的影响[J].广东电力,2017,30(11):44-50.YANG Yan,LIN Yong,XU Wei,et al.Influence of Wudongde multi-terminnal HVDC on security and stability of Guangdong Power Grid[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(11):44-50.
[18] 马河涛,黄守道,饶宏,等.基于马尔可夫过程的柔性直流输电系统可靠性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(10):10-16.MA Hetao,HUANG Shoudao,RAO Hong,et al.Reliability analysis of VSC-HVDC system based on Markov process[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(10):10-16.
[19] 苟锐锋.柔性直流输电及其试验测试技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2018.
[20] 蔡永梁,任成林,周竞宇,等.基于MMC的柔性直流输电电容电压波动抑制方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):45-50.CAI Yongliang,REN Chenglin,ZHOU Jingyu,et al.Control strategy for suppressing capacitor voltage ripple of MMC-HVDC[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):45-50.
[21] 张磊,范彩云,韩坤,等.电网电压不对称时 MMC-HVDC 精确环流抑制控制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(12):42-49.ZHANG Lei,FAN Caiyun,HAN Kun,et al.MMC-HVDC precise circulation suppression control under asymme- trical network voltage[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(12):42-49.
[22] 伍双喜,李力,张轩,等.南澳多端柔性直流输电工程交直流相互影响分析[J].广东电力,2015,28(4):26-30.WU Shuangxi,LI Li,ZHANG Xuan,et al.Analysis on AC/DC interaction of Nan’ao multi-terminnal flexible VSC-HVDC transmission engineering[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2015,28(4):26-30.
[23] 孙自安,陶帅,颛孙旭,等.一种考虑暂态稳定性的VSC-HVDC系统优化控制策略[J].智慧电力,2017,45(9):7-13.SUN Zi’an,TAO Shuai,ZHUANSUN Xu,et al.Optimized control strategy of VSC-HVDC system considering transient stability[J].Smart Power,2017,45(9):7-13.
[2] 徐政.柔性直流输电系统[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2017.
[3] 汤广福.基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010:3-7.
[4] 王珂,骆健,杨胜春,等.向无源网络供电的VSC-HVDC 启动控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(增刊1):277-281.WANG Ke,LUO Jian,YANG Shengchun,et al.Startup procedures for the VSC-HVDC system supplying power to passive network [J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(S1):277-281.
[5] 张静,徐政,陈海荣.VSC-HVDC系统启动控制[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(9):159-165.ZHANG Jing,XU Zheng,CHEN Hairong.Startup procedures for the VSC-HVDC system[J].Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(9):159-165.
[6] 周月宾,江道灼,郭捷,等.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电系统的启停控制[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):206-207.ZHOU Yuebin,JIANG Daozhuo,GUO Jie,et al.Start/stop control of modular multilevel converter based HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(3):206-207.
[7] 孔明,邱宇峰,贺之渊,等.模块式多电平式柔性直流输电换流器的预充电控制策略[J].电网技术,2011,35(11):67- 73.KONG Ming,QIU Yufeng,HE Zhiyuan,et al.Pre-charging control strategies of modular multilevel converter for VSC-HVDC[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(11):67-73.
[8] 董云龙,田杰,黄晓明,等.模块化多电平换流器的直流侧主动充电策略[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(24):68-70.DONG Yunlong,TIAN Jie,HUANG Xiaoming,et al.A DC-side active charging steategy for modular multilevel converters[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2014,38(24):68-70.
[9] 周剑,黄磊,刘春晓,等.基于鲁西背靠背柔性直流系统的南方电网黑启动方案[J].南方电网技术,2017,11(6):8-14.ZHOU Jian,HUANG Lei,LIU Chunxiao,et al.Black-start scheme of China Southern Power Grid based on Luxi back-to-back VSC-HVDC system[J].Southern Power System Technology,2017,11(6):8-14.
[10] 徐政,张哲任,刘高任.柔性直流输电网的电压控制原理研究[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):54-59.XU Zheng,ZHANG Zheren,LIU Gaoren.Research on voltage control principle of flexible DC transmission power grid[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):54-59.
[11] 李探,赵成勇,王朝亮.用于电网黑启动的MMC-HVDC系统换流站启动策略[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(9):117-122.LI Tan,ZHAO Chengyong,WANG Chaoliang.Startup schemes for converter station of MMC-HVDC system applied in grid black start[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2013,37(9):117-122.
[12] 刘志江,夏成军,杜兆斌.多端柔性直流输电系统直流电压模糊控制策略[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(2):21-26,87.LIU Zhijiang,XIA Chengjun,DU Zhaobin.Research of DC voltage fuzzy control strategy for VSC-MTDC systems[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(2):21-26,87.
[13] 徐雨哲,徐政,张哲任,等.基于LCC和混合型MMC的混合直流输电系统控制策略[J].广东电力,2018,31(9):13-25.XU Yuzhe,XU Zheng,ZHANG Zheren,et al.Control strategy for hybrid HVDC transmission system based on LCC and hybrid MMC[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(9):13-25.
[14] 曹乐萌,赵巧娥,高金城,等.HVDC系统中MMC换流器控制策略研究[J].智慧电力,2017,45(10):31-36.CAO Lemeng,ZHAO Qiao’e,GAO Jincheng,et al.Research on control strategy for MMC converter in HVDC system[J].Smart Power,2017,45(10):31-36.
[15] 李兴建,王庆,刘洪德,等.一种柔性直流子模块测试装置的研制及应用[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(5):114-119.LI Xinjian,WANG Qing ,LIU Hongde ,et al.Research and application of test for flexible HVDC sub-module [J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36 (5):114-119.
[16] 吴俊,方芳,赵晓明.柔性直流输电舟洋换流站无源HVDC启动试验中典型故障分析[J].浙江电力,2016,35(1):6-9.WU Jun,FANG Fang,ZHAO Xiaoming.Analysis on typical faults in passive HVDC startup tests in Zhouyang VSC-HVDC converter station[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2016,35(1):6-9.
[17] 杨燕,林勇,徐蔚,等.乌东德多端直流输电对广东电网安全稳定的影响[J].广东电力,2017,30(11):44-50.YANG Yan,LIN Yong,XU Wei,et al.Influence of Wudongde multi-terminnal HVDC on security and stability of Guangdong Power Grid[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(11):44-50.
[18] 马河涛,黄守道,饶宏,等.基于马尔可夫过程的柔性直流输电系统可靠性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(10):10-16.MA Hetao,HUANG Shoudao,RAO Hong,et al.Reliability analysis of VSC-HVDC system based on Markov process[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(10):10-16.
[19] 苟锐锋.柔性直流输电及其试验测试技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2018.
[20] 蔡永梁,任成林,周竞宇,等.基于MMC的柔性直流输电电容电压波动抑制方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):45-50.CAI Yongliang,REN Chenglin,ZHOU Jingyu,et al.Control strategy for suppressing capacitor voltage ripple of MMC-HVDC[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):45-50.
[21] 张磊,范彩云,韩坤,等.电网电压不对称时 MMC-HVDC 精确环流抑制控制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(12):42-49.ZHANG Lei,FAN Caiyun,HAN Kun,et al.MMC-HVDC precise circulation suppression control under asymme- trical network voltage[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(12):42-49.
[22] 伍双喜,李力,张轩,等.南澳多端柔性直流输电工程交直流相互影响分析[J].广东电力,2015,28(4):26-30.WU Shuangxi,LI Li,ZHANG Xuan,et al.Analysis on AC/DC interaction of Nan’ao multi-terminnal flexible VSC-HVDC transmission engineering[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2015,28(4):26-30.
[23] 孙自安,陶帅,颛孙旭,等.一种考虑暂态稳定性的VSC-HVDC系统优化控制策略[J].智慧电力,2017,45(9):7-13.SUN Zi’an,TAO Shuai,ZHUANSUN Xu,et al.Optimized control strategy of VSC-HVDC system considering transient stability[J].Smart Power,2017,45(9):7-13.
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