复杂场景下的ETC系统路径损耗研究
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摘要
无线信道的路径损耗是影响电子不停车收费(ETC)系统传播效率的最大因素。考虑在多车道情形下,周围的复杂环境都会引起电磁波在信道中的传播损耗,因此分析了多径射线波的几何特征,提出一种ETC系统的信道传播损耗模型。通过对比讨论旁道大型车辆以及前方地面或引擎盖引起的路径损耗对系统的影响,得出旁道车辆引起的绕射路径和前方地面或引擎盖引起的反射路径是影响系统信道传播的主要因素。对于特定场景的仿真结果可以得出:当旁道车辆与路侧单元(RSU)的距离为0. 6 m且被识别车辆与路侧单元(RSU)的距离越小时,系统的路径损耗越小。
The path loss of wireless channel is the biggest factor affecting transmission efficiency of the electronic toll collection( ETC) system. Considering that the complex surrounding environment will cause electromagnetic wave propagation loss in the channel under the condition of multi-lane,a channel propagation loss model of ETC system by analyzing the geometric characteristics of multipath radiation is proposed. The influence of the path loss caused by the bypass large vehicle and the front ground or the engine hood is discussed. The diffraction path caused by the bypass vehicle and the reflection path caused by the front ground or the hood are the main factors influencing the system channel propagation factor. The simulation results of the specific scenario can be drawn as follows: when the distance between bypass vehicle and road side unit( RSU) is 0. 6 m and the distance between identified vehicle and road side unit( RSU) is smaller,the system path loss is smaller.
The path loss of wireless channel is the biggest factor affecting transmission efficiency of the electronic toll collection( ETC) system. Considering that the complex surrounding environment will cause electromagnetic wave propagation loss in the channel under the condition of multi-lane,a channel propagation loss model of ETC system by analyzing the geometric characteristics of multipath radiation is proposed. The influence of the path loss caused by the bypass large vehicle and the front ground or the engine hood is discussed. The diffraction path caused by the bypass vehicle and the reflection path caused by the front ground or the hood are the main factors influencing the system channel propagation factor. The simulation results of the specific scenario can be drawn as follows: when the distance between bypass vehicle and road side unit( RSU) is 0. 6 m and the distance between identified vehicle and road side unit( RSU) is smaller,the system path loss is smaller.
引文
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[2]沙超,王汝传,张悦.一种基于无线传感器网络的智能交通系统[J].传感器与微系统,2012,31(10):81-83.
[3]张勇,陈凯,周跃华,等.高速公路ETC车道防邻道及跟车干扰研究[J].交通节能与环保,2012,8(4):68-73.
[4]杨耿,段作义. ETC多车道自由流路径标识站探析[J].中国交通信息化,2015(4):86-90.
[5]梁晓林,赵雄文,李亦天.移动散射体下的V2V信道相关性和多普勒谱特性研究[J].电子与信息学报2017,39(3):613-618.
[6]王世强,邢建春,李决龙,等.面向无线传感器网络的无线携能通信研究[J].传感器与微系统,2015,34(8):46-49.
[7] EMMERIC T H,WOUT J,LEEN V,et al. Evaluation of vehicle penetration loss at wireless communication frequencies[J]. IEEE Transaction on Vehicular Technology,2008,57(4):2036-2041.
[8]佘开,何怡刚,李兵,等.无源超高频RFID系统链路预算分析[J].仪器仪表学报,2010,31(5):974-979.
[9]范佳兴,李兵,何怡刚,等. ETC系统信道传播损耗评估方法研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2015,29(8):1164-1170.
[10]李忠建,张雪凡,叶旸,等.多标签环境下RFID系统的受限链路[J].电子测量技术,2016,39(1):9-13.
[11] LI B,HUAN Q,ZUO L,et al. Impact of vehicle head geometric features in the propagation loss of ETC system[J]. IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine,2017,9(3):88-99.
[12]佘开,何怡刚,李兵,等.基于场景几何特征的ETC识别范围预测方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2017,38(2):295-303.
[13] HANEDA K,TAKADA J I,IWATA T,et al. Experimental determination of propagation paths for the ETC system equipment development and field test[J]. IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics,Communications and Computer Sciences,2004,87(11):3008-3015.
[14]金明岩,桑林.无线网络规划中绕射损耗算法的分析[J].现代电信科技,2012,7(7):32-37.
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