五种喷雾助剂对240 g/L螺螨酯悬浮剂和15%哒螨灵乳油防治木瓜秀粉蚧的增效作用
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摘要
为探索喷雾助剂对药液物理性状的影响及防治木瓜秀粉蚧的增效作用,室内条件下研究了添加5种喷雾助剂[芦荟精油、有机硅助剂silwet408、渗透剂JFC-2、氮酮和增效醚(PBO)]对240 g/L螺螨酯悬浮剂和15%哒螨灵乳油表面张力、扩展直径以及最大持留量的影响,并测定了添加喷雾助剂对2种供试药剂防治木瓜秀粉蚧Paracoccus marginatus的增效作用。结果表明:5种助剂均能显著降低药液的表面张力、增大扩展直径并提高药液持留量;室内毒力测定结果表明,5种助剂对240 g/L螺螨酯悬浮剂和15%哒螨灵乳油的毒力具有不同程度的增效作用,增效比分别达5.1%～26.1%和22.7%～41.8%,其中JFC-2和PBO的增效作用较为明显。田间试验结果表明,JFC-2和PBO可提高2种供试药液对木瓜秀粉蚧的田间防效,尤其对高浓度药液的增效作用更为明显,其中JFC-2对240 g/L螺螨酯悬浮剂防效的增效比在10.3%～24.6%之间,增效醚对15%哒螨灵乳油防效的增效比在12.1%～28.9%之间。
The effects of spray adjuvants on physical properties of two insecticides and the synergistic effects against Paracoccus marginatus were investigated in this study. The effects of surface tension,expanded diameter, maximum retention on spirodiclofen 240 g/L suspension concentrate(SC) and pyridaben 15% emulsifiable concentrate(EC) were determined under indoor conditions after the addition of five spray adjuvants(aloe essential oil, silicone silwet408, JFC-2, azone and PBO). In addition, the synergistic effect between the adjuvants and two insecticides were evaluated. The results indicated that the spray adjuvants can significantly reduce the surface tension, increase the expansion diameter, retention and indoor virulence. Spray adjuvants can increase the indoor virulence of spirodiclofen 240 g/L SC and pyridaben 15% EC by 5.1%-26.1% and 22.7%-41.8%, respectively. JFC-2 and PBO were more effective for the increase of the synergistic effects with spirodiclofen 240 g/L SC and pyridaben 15% EC. Field experiments showed that JFC-2 and PBO improved the field control effect of two insecticides in different concentrations against P. marginatus, especially for that in high concentrations. The synergistic effect between JFC-2 and spirodiclofen 240 g/L SC was 10.3%-24.6%,and that between PBO and pyridaben 15% EC was 12.1%-28.9%.
The effects of spray adjuvants on physical properties of two insecticides and the synergistic effects against Paracoccus marginatus were investigated in this study. The effects of surface tension,expanded diameter, maximum retention on spirodiclofen 240 g/L suspension concentrate(SC) and pyridaben 15% emulsifiable concentrate(EC) were determined under indoor conditions after the addition of five spray adjuvants(aloe essential oil, silicone silwet408, JFC-2, azone and PBO). In addition, the synergistic effect between the adjuvants and two insecticides were evaluated. The results indicated that the spray adjuvants can significantly reduce the surface tension, increase the expansion diameter, retention and indoor virulence. Spray adjuvants can increase the indoor virulence of spirodiclofen 240 g/L SC and pyridaben 15% EC by 5.1%-26.1% and 22.7%-41.8%, respectively. JFC-2 and PBO were more effective for the increase of the synergistic effects with spirodiclofen 240 g/L SC and pyridaben 15% EC. Field experiments showed that JFC-2 and PBO improved the field control effect of two insecticides in different concentrations against P. marginatus, especially for that in high concentrations. The synergistic effect between JFC-2 and spirodiclofen 240 g/L SC was 10.3%-24.6%,and that between PBO and pyridaben 15% EC was 12.1%-28.9%.
引文
[1]何雄奎.药械与施药技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2013:139-146.HE X K.Yaoxie yu Shiyao Jishu[M].Beijing:China Agricultural University Press,2013:139-146.
[2]张靖.喷雾助剂提高农药对靶标沉积性能与增效作用研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2015.ZHANG J.Research on mechanism of enhancing deposition and synergistic effect of the spray adjuvants on pesticide[D].Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,20 15.
[3]张文君.农药雾滴雾化与在玉米植株上的沉积特性研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.ZHANG W J.The study of pesticide droplets atomization and deposit characteristics in corn leaves[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2014.
[4]袁会珠,王忠群,孙瑞红,等.喷洒部件及喷雾助剂对担架式喷雾机在桃园喷雾中的雾滴沉积分布的影响[J].植物保护,2010,36(1):106-109.YUAN H Z,WANG Z Q,SUN R H,et al.Influences of nozzle type and spray adjuvant on the distribution of spray droplets with stretcher mounted sprayer in peach orchards[J].Plant Prot,2010,36(1):106-109.
[5]石伶俐,陈福良,郑斐能,等.喷雾助剂对三唑磷在水稻叶片上沉积量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(12):4228-4233.SHI L L,CHEN F L,ZHENG F N,et al.The influence of triazophos deposition on rice leaves by adding spray adjuvants[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2009,42(12):4228-4233.
[6]张萍.四种喷雾助剂提高嘧菌酯在玉米叶表耐雨水冲刷能力的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2018.ZHANG P.Study on four spray adjuvants improving the rainfastness of azoxystrobin on maize leaf surfaces[D].Taian:Shandong Agricultural University,2018.
[7]刘晓燕,曹坳程,尹洪宗,等.有机硅提高除草剂在紫茎泽兰叶片上润湿性能的研究[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(3):692-696.LIU X Y,CAO A C,YIN H Z,et al.Study on enhancement of wetting property of herbicide on Eupatorium adenophorum spreng leaves by silicone surfactant[J].Ecol Environ Sci,2010,19(3):692-696.
[8]王红春,石旭旭,娄远来,等.助剂对20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油润湿性能及对空心莲子草防效的影响[J].农药学学报,2015,17(3):334-340.WANG H C,SIHI X X,LOU Y L, et al.Influence of adjuvants on the wettability and the control efficacy against Alternanthera philoxerordes of 20%fluroxypyr emulsifiable concentrate[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2015,17(3):334-340.
[9]张萍,姜兴印,谭海丽,等.四种喷雾助剂对嘧菌酯在玉米叶片上耐雨水冲刷能力及其对玉米安全性的影响[J].农药学学报,2018,20(2):239-248.ZHANG P,JIANG X Y,TAN H L,et al.Effects of four spray adjuvants on the rainfastness of azoxystrobin on maize leaf surfaces and their effect on maize safety[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2018,20(2):239-248.
[10]卢慧林,欧阳革成,谭炳林,等.矿物油对无机铜制剂防治柑橘疮痂病和柑橘全爪螨的增效作用[J].农药,2018,57(5):383-386.LU H L,OUYANG G C,TAN B L,et al.Synergistic effect of mineral spray oil on inorganic copper fungicides to control Elsinoe fawcettii and Panonychus citri[J].Agrochemicals,201 8,57(5):383-386.
[11]周川浩,武刚,冯宏祖,等.5种喷雾助剂对吡虫啉和啶虫脒防治棉蚜的影响[J].农药,2018,57(8):620-623.ZHOU C H,WU G,FENG H Z,et al. Effects of five kinds of synergistic additives on field control of midacridine and chlordimidine on Aphis gossypii[J].Agrochemicals,2018,57(8):620-623.
[12]刘永强,张贵森,周超,等.阳离子助剂1227和C8-10及有机硅助剂Breakthru S240对三种杀虫剂的增效作用[J].昆虫学报,2011,54(8):902-909.LIU Y Q, ZHANG G S,ZHOU C,et al.Synergistic action of cationic adjuvants 1227 and C8-10 and the silicone silwet408 adjuvant Breakthru S240 to three insecticides[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2011,54(8):902-909.
[13]张靖,吕和平,曹立冬,等.六种喷雾助剂提高硝磺草酮防除稗草及反枝苋效果的作用机理初探[J].农药学学报,2015,17(3):348-356.ZHANG J,LU H P,CAO L D,et al.Synergism of six spray adjuvants on mesotrione in controlling Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus retroflexus[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2015,17(3):348-356.
[14]张忠亮,李相全,王欢,等.六种有机硅助剂对氟磺胺草醚的增效作用及其增效机理初探[J].农药学学报,2015,17(1):115-118.ZHANG Z L,LI X Q,WANG H,et al.Preliminary studies on synergism and mechanisms of six organosilicon additives on fomesafen[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2015,17(1):115-118.
[15]刘影.有机硅、黄原胶对杀菌剂增效机制的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2010.LIU Y.Synergism mechanism of organic silicon and xanthan gum on fungicide[D].Hefei:Anhui Agricultural University,20 10.
[16]陈乐乐.山东地区番茄叶霉病菌对四种杀菌剂的敏感性测定及田间防治技术研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2017.CHEN L L.Sensitivity to four fungicides of Cladosporium fulvum from shandong province and application technique in filed[D].Taian:Shandong Agricultural University,2017.
[17]GALANIHE L D,JAYASUNDERA M U P,VITHANA A,et al.Occurrence,distribution and control of papaya mealybug,Paracoccus marginatus(Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae),an invasive alien pest in Sri Lanka[J].Trop Agric Res&Ext,2011,13(3):81.
[18]GOERGEN G,TAMO M,KYOFA-BOAMAH M E,et al.Papaya mealybug:a new invading pest in west Africa[J].Biocontrol News and Information,201 1,32(2):9-10.
[19]MYRICK S,NORTON G W,SELVARAJ K N,et al.Economic impact of classical biological control of papaya mealybug in India[J].Crop Protection,2014,56:82-86.
[20]FAND B B,SUROSHE S S.The invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley,a threat to tropical and subtropical agricultural and horticultural production systems:A review[J].Crop Prot,2015,69:34-43.
[21]WU F Z,LIU Z H,SHEN H,et al.Morphological and molecular identification of Paracoccus marginatus(Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae)in Yunnan,China[J].Florida Entomologist,2014,97(4):1469-1473.
[22]卢辉,卢芙萍,梁晓,等.木瓜秀粉蚧在海南的适生性及空间分布型研究[J].热带作物学报,2016,37(10):1962-1968.LU H,LU F P,LIANG X,et al.The potential geographic distribution and spatial pattern of Paracoccus marginatus in Hainan Province[J].Chin J Trop Crop,2016,37(10):1962-1968.
[23]SAENGYOT S,BURIKAM I.Host plants and natural enemies of papaya mealybug,Paracoccus marginatus(Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae)in Thailand[J].Thai Journal of Agricultural Science,2011,44(3):197-205.
[24]卢向阳,徐筠,陈莉.几种除草剂药液表面张力、叶面接触角与药效的相关性研究[J].农药学学报,2002,4(3):67-71.LU X Y,XU J,CHEN L.Study on relationships between surface tension,contact angle and efficacy on weeds of several herbicide solutions[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2002,4(3):67-71.
[25]刘学涛,刘峰,慕卫,等.几种渗透剂对阿维菌素的增效作用[J].应用与环境生物学报,2006,12(4):480-482.LIU X T,LIU F,MU W,et al.Permeability of penetrating agents and their synergism to avermectin[J].Chin J Appl Environ Biol,2006,12(4):480-482.
[26]陈娇,宋敦伦,李会仙,等.渗透剂对高效氯氰菊酯毒力和三种鳞翅目害虫上表皮超微结构的影响[J].昆虫学报,2008,51(2):216-221.CHEN J,SONG D L,LI H X,et al.Effects of penetration enhancers on the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin and epicuticle ultrastructure of three lepidopterous insects[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2008,51(2):216-221.
[27]李阳,史雪岩,高希武.增效醚对二化螟幼虫7-乙氧基香豆素-O-脱乙基酶和羧酸酯酶活性的影响[J].昆虫学报,2016,59(11):1159-1165.LI Y,SHI X Y,GAO X W.In vivo effects of piperonyl butoxide on the activities of 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase and carboxylesterase in larval Chilo suppressalis(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2016,59(11):1159-1165.
[2]张靖.喷雾助剂提高农药对靶标沉积性能与增效作用研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2015.ZHANG J.Research on mechanism of enhancing deposition and synergistic effect of the spray adjuvants on pesticide[D].Lanzhou:Gansu Agricultural University,20 15.
[3]张文君.农药雾滴雾化与在玉米植株上的沉积特性研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.ZHANG W J.The study of pesticide droplets atomization and deposit characteristics in corn leaves[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2014.
[4]袁会珠,王忠群,孙瑞红,等.喷洒部件及喷雾助剂对担架式喷雾机在桃园喷雾中的雾滴沉积分布的影响[J].植物保护,2010,36(1):106-109.YUAN H Z,WANG Z Q,SUN R H,et al.Influences of nozzle type and spray adjuvant on the distribution of spray droplets with stretcher mounted sprayer in peach orchards[J].Plant Prot,2010,36(1):106-109.
[5]石伶俐,陈福良,郑斐能,等.喷雾助剂对三唑磷在水稻叶片上沉积量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(12):4228-4233.SHI L L,CHEN F L,ZHENG F N,et al.The influence of triazophos deposition on rice leaves by adding spray adjuvants[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2009,42(12):4228-4233.
[6]张萍.四种喷雾助剂提高嘧菌酯在玉米叶表耐雨水冲刷能力的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2018.ZHANG P.Study on four spray adjuvants improving the rainfastness of azoxystrobin on maize leaf surfaces[D].Taian:Shandong Agricultural University,2018.
[7]刘晓燕,曹坳程,尹洪宗,等.有机硅提高除草剂在紫茎泽兰叶片上润湿性能的研究[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(3):692-696.LIU X Y,CAO A C,YIN H Z,et al.Study on enhancement of wetting property of herbicide on Eupatorium adenophorum spreng leaves by silicone surfactant[J].Ecol Environ Sci,2010,19(3):692-696.
[8]王红春,石旭旭,娄远来,等.助剂对20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油润湿性能及对空心莲子草防效的影响[J].农药学学报,2015,17(3):334-340.WANG H C,SIHI X X,LOU Y L, et al.Influence of adjuvants on the wettability and the control efficacy against Alternanthera philoxerordes of 20%fluroxypyr emulsifiable concentrate[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2015,17(3):334-340.
[9]张萍,姜兴印,谭海丽,等.四种喷雾助剂对嘧菌酯在玉米叶片上耐雨水冲刷能力及其对玉米安全性的影响[J].农药学学报,2018,20(2):239-248.ZHANG P,JIANG X Y,TAN H L,et al.Effects of four spray adjuvants on the rainfastness of azoxystrobin on maize leaf surfaces and their effect on maize safety[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2018,20(2):239-248.
[10]卢慧林,欧阳革成,谭炳林,等.矿物油对无机铜制剂防治柑橘疮痂病和柑橘全爪螨的增效作用[J].农药,2018,57(5):383-386.LU H L,OUYANG G C,TAN B L,et al.Synergistic effect of mineral spray oil on inorganic copper fungicides to control Elsinoe fawcettii and Panonychus citri[J].Agrochemicals,201 8,57(5):383-386.
[11]周川浩,武刚,冯宏祖,等.5种喷雾助剂对吡虫啉和啶虫脒防治棉蚜的影响[J].农药,2018,57(8):620-623.ZHOU C H,WU G,FENG H Z,et al. Effects of five kinds of synergistic additives on field control of midacridine and chlordimidine on Aphis gossypii[J].Agrochemicals,2018,57(8):620-623.
[12]刘永强,张贵森,周超,等.阳离子助剂1227和C8-10及有机硅助剂Breakthru S240对三种杀虫剂的增效作用[J].昆虫学报,2011,54(8):902-909.LIU Y Q, ZHANG G S,ZHOU C,et al.Synergistic action of cationic adjuvants 1227 and C8-10 and the silicone silwet408 adjuvant Breakthru S240 to three insecticides[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2011,54(8):902-909.
[13]张靖,吕和平,曹立冬,等.六种喷雾助剂提高硝磺草酮防除稗草及反枝苋效果的作用机理初探[J].农药学学报,2015,17(3):348-356.ZHANG J,LU H P,CAO L D,et al.Synergism of six spray adjuvants on mesotrione in controlling Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus retroflexus[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2015,17(3):348-356.
[14]张忠亮,李相全,王欢,等.六种有机硅助剂对氟磺胺草醚的增效作用及其增效机理初探[J].农药学学报,2015,17(1):115-118.ZHANG Z L,LI X Q,WANG H,et al.Preliminary studies on synergism and mechanisms of six organosilicon additives on fomesafen[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2015,17(1):115-118.
[15]刘影.有机硅、黄原胶对杀菌剂增效机制的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2010.LIU Y.Synergism mechanism of organic silicon and xanthan gum on fungicide[D].Hefei:Anhui Agricultural University,20 10.
[16]陈乐乐.山东地区番茄叶霉病菌对四种杀菌剂的敏感性测定及田间防治技术研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2017.CHEN L L.Sensitivity to four fungicides of Cladosporium fulvum from shandong province and application technique in filed[D].Taian:Shandong Agricultural University,2017.
[17]GALANIHE L D,JAYASUNDERA M U P,VITHANA A,et al.Occurrence,distribution and control of papaya mealybug,Paracoccus marginatus(Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae),an invasive alien pest in Sri Lanka[J].Trop Agric Res&Ext,2011,13(3):81.
[18]GOERGEN G,TAMO M,KYOFA-BOAMAH M E,et al.Papaya mealybug:a new invading pest in west Africa[J].Biocontrol News and Information,201 1,32(2):9-10.
[19]MYRICK S,NORTON G W,SELVARAJ K N,et al.Economic impact of classical biological control of papaya mealybug in India[J].Crop Protection,2014,56:82-86.
[20]FAND B B,SUROSHE S S.The invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley,a threat to tropical and subtropical agricultural and horticultural production systems:A review[J].Crop Prot,2015,69:34-43.
[21]WU F Z,LIU Z H,SHEN H,et al.Morphological and molecular identification of Paracoccus marginatus(Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae)in Yunnan,China[J].Florida Entomologist,2014,97(4):1469-1473.
[22]卢辉,卢芙萍,梁晓,等.木瓜秀粉蚧在海南的适生性及空间分布型研究[J].热带作物学报,2016,37(10):1962-1968.LU H,LU F P,LIANG X,et al.The potential geographic distribution and spatial pattern of Paracoccus marginatus in Hainan Province[J].Chin J Trop Crop,2016,37(10):1962-1968.
[23]SAENGYOT S,BURIKAM I.Host plants and natural enemies of papaya mealybug,Paracoccus marginatus(Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae)in Thailand[J].Thai Journal of Agricultural Science,2011,44(3):197-205.
[24]卢向阳,徐筠,陈莉.几种除草剂药液表面张力、叶面接触角与药效的相关性研究[J].农药学学报,2002,4(3):67-71.LU X Y,XU J,CHEN L.Study on relationships between surface tension,contact angle and efficacy on weeds of several herbicide solutions[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2002,4(3):67-71.
[25]刘学涛,刘峰,慕卫,等.几种渗透剂对阿维菌素的增效作用[J].应用与环境生物学报,2006,12(4):480-482.LIU X T,LIU F,MU W,et al.Permeability of penetrating agents and their synergism to avermectin[J].Chin J Appl Environ Biol,2006,12(4):480-482.
[26]陈娇,宋敦伦,李会仙,等.渗透剂对高效氯氰菊酯毒力和三种鳞翅目害虫上表皮超微结构的影响[J].昆虫学报,2008,51(2):216-221.CHEN J,SONG D L,LI H X,et al.Effects of penetration enhancers on the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin and epicuticle ultrastructure of three lepidopterous insects[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2008,51(2):216-221.
[27]李阳,史雪岩,高希武.增效醚对二化螟幼虫7-乙氧基香豆素-O-脱乙基酶和羧酸酯酶活性的影响[J].昆虫学报,2016,59(11):1159-1165.LI Y,SHI X Y,GAO X W.In vivo effects of piperonyl butoxide on the activities of 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase and carboxylesterase in larval Chilo suppressalis(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2016,59(11):1159-1165.
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