钢铁工业副产煤气资源化利用分析及案例
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摘要
在钢铁产品的生产过程中,同时产生大量的副产煤气,即高炉煤气(BFG)、焦炉煤气(COG)和转炉煤气(LDG),在钢铁企业的能源平衡中占有十分重要的地位(约占全部二次能源产生总量的70%)。目前钢铁企业副产煤气大多数是燃料化利用,而副产煤气高附加值利用的另一个方向是开发副产煤气中碳元素和氢元素(H2、CmHn和CO等)价值,实现资源化利用。钢厂推进副产煤气资源化利用的核心是进行能量流(煤气流)的解析及其网络的优化,副产煤气资源化利用的主要途径有制取氢气、甲醇、液化天然气(LNG)、合成天然气(SNG)、压缩天然气(CNG)、合成氨、二甲醚、乙二醇、烯烃等化工产品。四川达钢焦炉煤气和转炉煤气制甲醇的案例研究表明,副产煤气资源化利用不仅能使钢铁企业的副产煤气资源得到高效利用,而且有显著的经济和环境效益。
A large amount of by-product gases,i.e.COG,BFG and LDG,were produced during the steel manufacturing process.And the quantity of energy contained in the by-product gases accounts for about 70% of the total quantity of secondary energy in the steel plant.Thus,by-product gases play a very important role in energy balancing in the steel plant.At present,most of by-product gases are used as fuels in the steel plant.However,another high-added value utilization direction is to exploit the potential value of Carbon and Hydrogen,i.e.H2,CmHn,CO,etc.,and then to realize material conversion and resource utilization.However,analysis of energy flow(by-product gas flow)and optimization of its network are the core issues of material conversion utilization of by-product gases in steel plants.By this means,by-product gases can be used to produce many kinds of chemical products,such as hydrogen gas,methanol,LNG,SNG,CNG,ammonia,dimethyl ether,ethylene glycol,olefin,etc..Based on the case study on methanol production by using COG and LDG as raw materials in Dazhou Steel,it is indicated that through material conversion utilization of by-product gases,not only by-product gases will be high efficiency utilized,but also obvious economic and environmental benefits will be brought into the steel plant.
A large amount of by-product gases,i.e.COG,BFG and LDG,were produced during the steel manufacturing process.And the quantity of energy contained in the by-product gases accounts for about 70% of the total quantity of secondary energy in the steel plant.Thus,by-product gases play a very important role in energy balancing in the steel plant.At present,most of by-product gases are used as fuels in the steel plant.However,another high-added value utilization direction is to exploit the potential value of Carbon and Hydrogen,i.e.H2,CmHn,CO,etc.,and then to realize material conversion and resource utilization.However,analysis of energy flow(by-product gas flow)and optimization of its network are the core issues of material conversion utilization of by-product gases in steel plants.By this means,by-product gases can be used to produce many kinds of chemical products,such as hydrogen gas,methanol,LNG,SNG,CNG,ammonia,dimethyl ether,ethylene glycol,olefin,etc..Based on the case study on methanol production by using COG and LDG as raw materials in Dazhou Steel,it is indicated that through material conversion utilization of by-product gases,not only by-product gases will be high efficiency utilized,but also obvious economic and environmental benefits will be brought into the steel plant.
引文
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[8]上官方钦,汤志刚,温燕明,等.炼焦化学工业绿色发展工程科技战略[J].钢铁,2015,50(12):11.(SHANGGUAN Fang-qin,TANG Zhi-gang,WEN Yan-ming,et al.Strategic study on green development engineering for coking chemical industry[J].Iron and Steel,2015,50(12):11)
[9] XIE H,YU Q,ZHANG Y,et al.New process for hydrogen production from raw coke oven gas via sorption-enhanced steam reforming:Thermodynamic analysis[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2017,42(5):2914.)
[10] JoséM,Bermúdez,Ana Arenillas,et al.An overview of novel technologies to valorise coke oven gas surplus[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2013,110:150.
[11]熊江君,吴映忠,龙素安,等.焦炉煤气配加转炉煤气生产甲醇工艺介绍[J].燃料与化工,2014(2):49.(XIONG Jiangjun,WU Ying-zhong,LONG Su-an,et al.Methanol production process by coke oven gas and converter gas[J].Fuel and Chemical Processes,2014(2):49.)
[12]王洪军,赵泽东,王永强,等.钢铁企业转炉煤气资源化高效利用途径研究[J].冶金动力,2018(5):22.(WANG Hongjun,ZHAO Ze-dong,WANG Yong-qiang,et al.Research on high-efficiency utilization of converter gas resources in steel industry[J].Metallurgical Power,2018(5):22.)
[13]王兆文,杜雄伟.焦炉煤气制天然气产业的发展探讨[J].煤化工,2014,42(1):7.(WANG Zhao-wen,DU Xiong-wei.Development and prospect of COG-to-SNG industry[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2014,42(1):7.)
[14] MAN Y,YANG S,QIAN Y.Integrated process for synthetic natural gas production from coal and coke-oven gas with high energy efficiency and low emission[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2016,117:162.
[15]刘月,谢伟,虎骁,等.焦炉煤气在焦化循环经济中的多联产利用[J].煤化工,2015,43(3):42.(LIU Yue,XIE Wei,HU Xiao,et al.The utilization technologies of coke oven gas in coking circular economy[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2015,43(3):42.)
[16]胡建江,谢国威.钢铁企业煤气资源的利用途径[J].冶金能源,2015(3):3.(HU Jian-jiang,XIE Guo-wei.Analysis of reasonable utilization of gas resources in iron and steel enterprises[J].Energy for Metallurgical Industry,2015(3):3.)
[17]李立业,黄世平.焦炉煤气高效多联产利用技术[J].燃料与化工,2018,49(3):49.(LI Li-ye,HUANG Shi-ping.A technology for coke oven gas efficient polyregeneration[J].Fuel and Chemical Processes,2018,49(3):49.)
[2]殷瑞钰,张春霞.钢铁企业功能拓展是实现循环经济的有效途径[J],钢铁,2005,40(7):1.(YIN Rui-yu,ZHANG Chun-xia.Developing functions of steel enterprises is an effective way for realizing circular economy[J].Iron and Steel,2005,40(7):1.)
[3]《中国钢铁工业年鉴》编辑委员会.中国钢铁工业年鉴[M].北京:《中国钢铁工业年鉴》编辑部,2018.(Editorial Board of China Iron and Steel Statistics Yearbook.China Iron and Steel Statistics Yearbook[M].Beijing:Editorial Office of China Iron and Steel Statistics Yearbook,2018.)
[4]张春霞,上官方钦,胡长庆,等.钢铁流程结构及对CO2排放的影响[J],钢铁,2010,45(5):1.(ZHANG Chun-xia,SHANGGUAN Fang-qin, HU Chang-qing,et al.Steel process structure and its impact on co2emission[J].Iron and Steel,2010,45(5):1.)
[5]陈丽云,张春霞,胡长庆.钢铁厂焦炉煤气利用的潜力分析[J],世界钢铁,2005,5(5):37.(CHEN Li-yun,ZHANG Chun-xia,HU Chang-qing,et al.Potential analysis on the utilization of coke oven gas of steel plant[J].World Iron and Steel,2005,5(5):37.)
[6] ZHANG Chun-xia,HU Chang-qing,YIN Rui-yu.Process at steel plant of new generation and utilization modes of gases[C]//The 11th China-Japan Symposium on Iron and Steel Technology,Beijing:The Chinese Society for Metals,2007:11.
[7] ZHANG Chun-xia,LI Xiu-ping,SHANGGUAN Fang-qin.Recent progress of utilization of by-product gases and environment in Chinese Steel Industry[C]//The 13th ChinaJapan Symposium on Science and Technology of Iron and Steel.Beijing:The Chinese Society for Metals and The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,2013:203.
[8]上官方钦,汤志刚,温燕明,等.炼焦化学工业绿色发展工程科技战略[J].钢铁,2015,50(12):11.(SHANGGUAN Fang-qin,TANG Zhi-gang,WEN Yan-ming,et al.Strategic study on green development engineering for coking chemical industry[J].Iron and Steel,2015,50(12):11)
[9] XIE H,YU Q,ZHANG Y,et al.New process for hydrogen production from raw coke oven gas via sorption-enhanced steam reforming:Thermodynamic analysis[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2017,42(5):2914.)
[10] JoséM,Bermúdez,Ana Arenillas,et al.An overview of novel technologies to valorise coke oven gas surplus[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2013,110:150.
[11]熊江君,吴映忠,龙素安,等.焦炉煤气配加转炉煤气生产甲醇工艺介绍[J].燃料与化工,2014(2):49.(XIONG Jiangjun,WU Ying-zhong,LONG Su-an,et al.Methanol production process by coke oven gas and converter gas[J].Fuel and Chemical Processes,2014(2):49.)
[12]王洪军,赵泽东,王永强,等.钢铁企业转炉煤气资源化高效利用途径研究[J].冶金动力,2018(5):22.(WANG Hongjun,ZHAO Ze-dong,WANG Yong-qiang,et al.Research on high-efficiency utilization of converter gas resources in steel industry[J].Metallurgical Power,2018(5):22.)
[13]王兆文,杜雄伟.焦炉煤气制天然气产业的发展探讨[J].煤化工,2014,42(1):7.(WANG Zhao-wen,DU Xiong-wei.Development and prospect of COG-to-SNG industry[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2014,42(1):7.)
[14] MAN Y,YANG S,QIAN Y.Integrated process for synthetic natural gas production from coal and coke-oven gas with high energy efficiency and low emission[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2016,117:162.
[15]刘月,谢伟,虎骁,等.焦炉煤气在焦化循环经济中的多联产利用[J].煤化工,2015,43(3):42.(LIU Yue,XIE Wei,HU Xiao,et al.The utilization technologies of coke oven gas in coking circular economy[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2015,43(3):42.)
[16]胡建江,谢国威.钢铁企业煤气资源的利用途径[J].冶金能源,2015(3):3.(HU Jian-jiang,XIE Guo-wei.Analysis of reasonable utilization of gas resources in iron and steel enterprises[J].Energy for Metallurgical Industry,2015(3):3.)
[17]李立业,黄世平.焦炉煤气高效多联产利用技术[J].燃料与化工,2018,49(3):49.(LI Li-ye,HUANG Shi-ping.A technology for coke oven gas efficient polyregeneration[J].Fuel and Chemical Processes,2018,49(3):49.)
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