兼具清防蜡效果和防腐效果的复合微生物菌剂
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摘要
为获得既具有清防蜡效果又具有防腐效果的菌剂,在工业用微生物清防蜡菌剂(以石油烃降解菌HDB为主)中加入硝酸钠和反硝化菌DNB,采用细菌测试瓶法和最大或然数计数法测定菌剂中HDB和DNB的菌数,得到适宜的硝酸钠和DNB加量。研究了清防蜡菌剂培养过程中pH值的变化和复合微生物菌剂的防蜡和防腐效果。结果表明,工业用微生物清防蜡菌剂中含有少量DNB,适量的硝酸钠可在不影响HDB菌数的前提下促进菌剂中DNB菌数的增长。当硝酸钠加量大于0.2 g/L时会导致菌剂的矿化度过高,抑制菌剂中DNB的生长繁殖。在投加适量硝酸盐的同时投加少量DNB菌种后,DNB菌数明显增长。复合微生物菌剂培养240 h后的pH值变化较小,可通过培养过程中pH值的变化来判断清防蜡菌剂中HDB和DNB菌数间的关系。复合微生物菌剂的防蜡效果和防腐效果良好,对钢片的平均腐蚀速率小于0.076 mm/a。表6参20
In order to obtain a microbial agent which had both anti-wax effect and anti-corrosion effect,sodium nitrate and denitrifying bacteria(DNB)were added to the industrial microbial anti-wax agent mainly containing hydrocarbon degradation bacteria(HDB). The bacterial test bottle technique and MPN method were used to determine the amount of DNB and HDB to obtain the appropriate dosage of sodium nitrate and DNB. The change of pH value during the culture of anti-wax agent and the anti-wax and anti-corrosion effect of composite microbial agent were studied. The results showed that the industrial microbial anti-wax agent contained a small amount of DNB,and the proper amount of sodium nitrate could promote the growth of DNB bacteria in the microbial agent without affecting the number of HDB bacteria. The addition of sodium nitrate greater than 0.2 g/L could result in too high a degree of mineralization of the microbial agent and inhibit the growth and reproduction of DNB in the microbial agent. Adding a small amount of DNB strains while adding appropriate amount of nitrate,the number of DNB bacteria increased significantly. After cultivating 240 h,the pH value of composite microbial agent changed little. The relationship between the number of HDB and DNB bacteria in the anti-wax agent could be judged by the change of pH value during the cultivation process. The anti-wax effect and anti-corrosion effect of the composite microbial agent were good,and the average corrosion rate of the steel sheet was less than 0.076 mm/a.
In order to obtain a microbial agent which had both anti-wax effect and anti-corrosion effect,sodium nitrate and denitrifying bacteria(DNB)were added to the industrial microbial anti-wax agent mainly containing hydrocarbon degradation bacteria(HDB). The bacterial test bottle technique and MPN method were used to determine the amount of DNB and HDB to obtain the appropriate dosage of sodium nitrate and DNB. The change of pH value during the culture of anti-wax agent and the anti-wax and anti-corrosion effect of composite microbial agent were studied. The results showed that the industrial microbial anti-wax agent contained a small amount of DNB,and the proper amount of sodium nitrate could promote the growth of DNB bacteria in the microbial agent without affecting the number of HDB bacteria. The addition of sodium nitrate greater than 0.2 g/L could result in too high a degree of mineralization of the microbial agent and inhibit the growth and reproduction of DNB in the microbial agent. Adding a small amount of DNB strains while adding appropriate amount of nitrate,the number of DNB bacteria increased significantly. After cultivating 240 h,the pH value of composite microbial agent changed little. The relationship between the number of HDB and DNB bacteria in the anti-wax agent could be judged by the change of pH value during the cultivation process. The anti-wax effect and anti-corrosion effect of the composite microbial agent were good,and the average corrosion rate of the steel sheet was less than 0.076 mm/a.
引文
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[14]孙宝魁,孙玉堂,张照韩.油田水反硝化技术抑制硫酸盐还原菌活性研究进展[J].环境科学与管理,2008,33(8):98-101.
[15]张玉芹,刘开启,王革,等.反硝化细菌的筛选及培养条件的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2005(1):165-168.
[16]赵姣,屈撑囤,鱼涛,等.高效原油降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性分析[J].油田化学,2017,34(3):532-537.
[17]易绍金.细菌瓶法用于石油烃降解菌菌数测定[J].油田化学,2001,18(4):372-374.
[18]陈慧,李亮,蔡焕杰,等.加气条件下土壤N2O排放对硝化/反硝化细菌数量的响应[J].机械农业学报,2018,49(4):303-311.
[19]阮莎,易绍金,秦兵维,等.倒扣瓶法测定微生物清防蜡剂防蜡率试验研究[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2015,12(31):41-43.
[20]周群英,王仕芬.环境工程微生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:400-406.
[2]易绍金,胡凯,李斌,等.微生物清防蜡技术在江汉油田高温高盐油井的矿场试验[J].石油天然气学报,2009,31(4):146-148.
[3]易绍金,谈媛.高温高盐条件下嗜蜡菌的培养、驯化及应用潜力[J].石油天然气学报,2008,30(3):144-146.
[4]王毛毛,董颖女,熊青昀,等.油井清防蜡剂的国内研究进展[J].石油化工应用,2014,33(12):6-8.
[5]刘江红,贾云鹏,徐瑞丹,等.微生物清防蜡技术研究及应用[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(5):82-85.
[6]庄文,初立业,邵洪波.油田硫酸盐还原菌酸化腐蚀机制及防治研究进展[J].生态学报,2011,31(2):575-582.
[7]易绍金,佘跃惠.石油与环境微生物技术[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2002:160-166.
[8]吕乃欣,刘开平,高燕,等.油田地面油水混输管线腐蚀影响因素分析[J].油田化学,2018,35(2):350-355.
[9]魏利,王艳君,马放,等.反硝化抑制硫酸盐还原菌活性机理及应用[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009,41(4):85-88.
[10]庄文.油田硫酸盐还原菌的生物竞争排斥研究[D].山东:青岛科技大学,2010:5-10.
[11] NEMATI M,JENNEMAN G E,VOORDOUW G. Impact of nitrate-mediated microbial control of souring in oil reservoirs on the extent of corrosion[J]. Biotechnol Prog,2001,17(5):852-859.
[12] ECKFORD R E,FEDORAK P M. Planktonic nitrate-reducing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria in some western Canadian oil field waters[J]. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol,2002,29(2):83-92.
[13]邵涛,苟智,王林.油田水反硝化技术抑制硫酸还原菌[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(2):617-623.
[14]孙宝魁,孙玉堂,张照韩.油田水反硝化技术抑制硫酸盐还原菌活性研究进展[J].环境科学与管理,2008,33(8):98-101.
[15]张玉芹,刘开启,王革,等.反硝化细菌的筛选及培养条件的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2005(1):165-168.
[16]赵姣,屈撑囤,鱼涛,等.高效原油降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性分析[J].油田化学,2017,34(3):532-537.
[17]易绍金.细菌瓶法用于石油烃降解菌菌数测定[J].油田化学,2001,18(4):372-374.
[18]陈慧,李亮,蔡焕杰,等.加气条件下土壤N2O排放对硝化/反硝化细菌数量的响应[J].机械农业学报,2018,49(4):303-311.
[19]阮莎,易绍金,秦兵维,等.倒扣瓶法测定微生物清防蜡剂防蜡率试验研究[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2015,12(31):41-43.
[20]周群英,王仕芬.环境工程微生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:400-406.
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