夏威夷果壳活性炭的制备及U(Ⅵ)去除机理研究
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摘要
研究以氢氧化钾(KOH)为改性剂制备夏威夷果壳活性炭去除U(Ⅵ)。除铀机理为吸附剂活化过程中增加了醚基、羰基、羧基的含量和比表面积,实验最大吸附量为9. 63 mg/g、去除率94. 6%。动力学分析表明吸附过程化学吸附优于物理吸附,吸附等温线分析表明吸附过程既有单分子层吸附又有多层吸附且反应容易进行,热力学分析表明吸附过程是自发的吸热反应。
In this paper,macadamia nut shell was used to prepare activated carbon( AC),KOH was used to modify the AC. The removal mechanism of uranium is that the contents of ether group,carbonyl group,carboxyl group and specific surface area are increased in the process of adsorbent activation. The maximum U( Ⅵ) adsorption capacity of AC was 9. 63 mg/g and removal rate was 94. 6%. Kinetic analysis showed that chemical adsorption was slightly superior to physical adsorption in the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherm analysis showed that there were both single and multilayer adsorption in the adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the adsorption process is a spontaneous endothermic reaction.
In this paper,macadamia nut shell was used to prepare activated carbon( AC),KOH was used to modify the AC. The removal mechanism of uranium is that the contents of ether group,carbonyl group,carboxyl group and specific surface area are increased in the process of adsorbent activation. The maximum U( Ⅵ) adsorption capacity of AC was 9. 63 mg/g and removal rate was 94. 6%. Kinetic analysis showed that chemical adsorption was slightly superior to physical adsorption in the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherm analysis showed that there were both single and multilayer adsorption in the adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the adsorption process is a spontaneous endothermic reaction.
引文
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[21]ZHENG J Y,YAO J,KUANG Y F,et al.Uptake of hexavalent uranium from aqueous solutions using coconut husk activated carbon[J].Desalination and water treatment,2016,57(4):1749-1755.
[22]ZHU M J,LIU R P,CHAI H K,et al.Hazelnut shell activated carbon:a potential adsorbent material for the decontamination of uranium(VI)from aqueous solutions[J]. Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry,2016,310(3):1147-1154.
[2] BAZYKA D A,PRYSYAZHNYUK A Y,ROMANENKO A Y,et al. Cancer incidence and nuclear facilities in Ukraine:a community-based study[J]. Experimental oncology,2012,34(3):116-120.
[3]BRUGGE D,DELEMOS J L,OLDMIXON B,et al.Exposure pathways and health effects associated with chemical and radiological toxicity of natural uranium:a review[J].Reviews on environmental health,2005,20(3):177-194.
[4] PANG C,LIU Y H,CAO X H,et al. Biosorption of uranium(VI)from aqueous solution by dead fungal biomass of Penicillium citrinum[J]. Chemical engineering journal,2011,170(1):1-6.
[5]KUMARI N.Extraction studies of uranium into a thirdphase of thorium nitrate employing tributyl phosphateand N,N-dihexyl octanamide as extractants in different diluents[J].Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry,2011,289(3):835-843.
[6]SINGH J,DUTTA P K.Preparation,circular dichroism induced helical conformation and optical property of chitosan acid salt complexes for biomedical applications[J]. International journal of biological macromolecules,2009,45(4):384-392.
[7] KULKARNI P S,MUKHOPADHYAY S,BELLARY M P,et al.Studies on membrane stability and recovery of uranium(VI)from aqueous solutions using a liquid emulsionmembrane process[J]. Hydrometallurgy,2002,64(1):49-58.
[8]KUMIRSKA J,WEINHOLD M X,SAUVAGEAU J,et al.Determination of the pattern of acetylation of low-molecular-weight chitosan used in biomedical applications[J].Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis,2009,50(4):587-590.
[9]ZHU M J,LIU R P,CHAI H K,et al.Hazelnut shell activated carbon:a potential adsorbent material for the decontamination of uranium(VI)from aqueous solutions[J]. Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry,2016,310(3):1147-1154.
[10]YI Z J,YAO J,KUANG F Y,et al.Uptake of hexavalent uranium from aqueous solutions using coconut husk activated carbon[J]. Desalination and water treatment,2016,57(4):1749-1755.
[11]YANG J,VOLESKY B.Removal and concentration of uranium by seaweed biosorbent[J]. Process metallurgy,1999,9:483-492.
[12]CHAN L S,CHEUNG W H,ALLEN S J,et al.Equilibrium adsorption isotherm study of binary basic dyes on to bamboo derived activated carbon[J]. HKIE transactions,2017,24(4):182-192.
[13] LEDESMA B,OLIVARES M,ALVAREZ M,et al.Method for promoting in-situ hydrochar porosity in hydrothermal carbonization of almond shells with air activation[J].The journal of supercritical fluids,2018,138:187-192.
[14] LI J L,LI K,ZHANG T H,et al. Development of activated carbon from Windmill palm sheath fiber by KOH activation[J].Fibers and polymers,2016,17(6):880-887.
[15]SAR P,KAZY S K,D'SOUZA S F.Radionuclide remediation using a bacterial biosorbent[J]. International biodeterioration&biodegradation,2004,54(2):193-202.
[16]BARKLEIT A,FOERSTENDORF H,LI B,et al.Coordination of uranium(VI)with functional groups of bacterial lipopolysaccharide studied by EXAFS and FTIR spectroscopy[J]. Dalton transaction,2011,38(3):9868-9876.
[17]HAN R,ZOU W,WANG Y,et al. Removal of U(VI)from aqueous solutions by manganese oxide coated zeolite:discussion of adsorption isotherms and p H effect[J].Environ radioact,2007,93(3):127-143.
[18]ZHANG X,WANG J,LI R,et al.Efficient removal of U(VI)from aqueous systems by heattreated carbon microspheres[J].Environmental science and pollution research,2013,20(11):8202-8209.
[19]YAN S,HUA B,BAO Z,et al.Uranium(VI)removal by nanoscale zerovalent iron in anoxic batch systems[J].Environmental science&technology,2010,44(20):7783-7789.
[20]TAN Y,LI L,ZHANG H,et al.Adsorption and recovery of U(VI)from actual acid radioactive wastewater with low uranium concentration using thioacetamide modified activated carbon from liquorice residue[J]. Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry,2018,317(2):811-824.
[21]ZHENG J Y,YAO J,KUANG Y F,et al.Uptake of hexavalent uranium from aqueous solutions using coconut husk activated carbon[J].Desalination and water treatment,2016,57(4):1749-1755.
[22]ZHU M J,LIU R P,CHAI H K,et al.Hazelnut shell activated carbon:a potential adsorbent material for the decontamination of uranium(VI)from aqueous solutions[J]. Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry,2016,310(3):1147-1154.
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