湘东北仁里-传梓源矿床5号伟晶岩岩相学、地球化学特征及成矿时代
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摘要
湘东北幕阜山地区由东北向西南,稀有金属矿化种类由单一至复杂,成矿规模逐渐增大,显示出明显的空间规律性。本文选取幕阜山地区西南部岩浆分异演化程度最高、矿化种类最复杂的仁里-传梓源稀有金属矿床,开展典型伟晶岩脉矿物学、地球化学及云母Ar-Ar年代学研究,旨于揭示Be-Nb-Ta-Li-Cs伟晶岩地球化学特征,探讨其与花岗岩围岩成因关系,并限定矿床稀有金属成矿时代。仁里-传梓源矿床5号伟晶岩脉表现出相对富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=5.11%～14.02%,平均9.4%)、过铝质(A/CNK=1.04～2.26,平均为1.4)的特征,微量、稀土元素含量极低,总体上富集Ta、Nb、Hf、Zr等高场强元素(HFSE),相对亏损Ba、Sr等离子亲石元素(LILE),不相容元素Rb、Cs、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等的强烈富集表明岩浆分异演化程度极高。矿物学及地球化学特征显示,仁里-传梓源矿床5号伟晶岩脉由边部至核部分异演化程度逐渐升高,但其化学指数与花岗岩围岩相比表现出较明显的突变关系。结合野外接触关系、年代学等证据,推断围岩二云母花岗岩并非稀有金属伟晶岩母岩。仁里-传梓源矿床显示出稀有金属岩浆-热液两阶段成矿的特征,伟晶岩中锂云母Ar-Ar坪年龄为125.0±1.4 Ma,代表了岩浆分异演化晚阶段,近热液体系中稀有金属聚集成矿的时代。
From Northeast to Southwest of Mufushan area in northeast Hunan province, the rare metal mineralization assemblages change from single to complex, and the metallogenic scale increases gradually, showing obvious spatial regularity. The Renli-Chuanziyuan rare metal deposit has the highest magmatic differentiation and evolution degree, and the most complex mineralization assemblages of the Mufushan area. In this paper, we carried out a detailed investigation on the mineralogical, geochemical and mica Ar-Ar chronological studies of the typical pegmatite, with the aim of revealing the geochemical characteristics of Be-Nb-Ta-Li-Cs pegmatite, discussing its genetic relationship with granite wall rocks and defining the metallogenic age of rare metals in the deposit. The No.5 pegmatite of Renli-Chuanziyuan deposit is geochemically characterized by relatively rich in alkali with Na_2O+K_2O(5.11～14.02 %) and peraluminous(A/CNK=1.04～2.26). The pegmatite is distinctively enriched in Ta, Nb, Hf and Zr, relatively depleted in Ba and Sr. Strong enrichment of incompatible elements Rb, Cs, Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf indicates that the pegmatite magma has undergone sufficient differentiation and evolution. Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics show that the differentiation-evolution degree of No.5 pegmatite of Renli-Chuanziyuan deposit increases gradually from border to core. But the representational geochemical indexes of pegmatite show obvious catastrophic relationship with the granitic wall rock. Based on the field contact relationship and chronology evidence, we inferred that the wall rock of two-mica granite is not the parent rock of rare metal pegmatites. The rare metal mineralization of Renli-Chuanziyuan deposit shows the characteristics of magma-hydrothermal two-stage mineralization. The Ar-Ar plateau age of lepidolite in the No.5 pegmatite is 125.0±1.4 Ma, which represents the age of rare metal accumulation and mineralization in the near hydrothermal system at the late stage of magma differentiation and evolution.
From Northeast to Southwest of Mufushan area in northeast Hunan province, the rare metal mineralization assemblages change from single to complex, and the metallogenic scale increases gradually, showing obvious spatial regularity. The Renli-Chuanziyuan rare metal deposit has the highest magmatic differentiation and evolution degree, and the most complex mineralization assemblages of the Mufushan area. In this paper, we carried out a detailed investigation on the mineralogical, geochemical and mica Ar-Ar chronological studies of the typical pegmatite, with the aim of revealing the geochemical characteristics of Be-Nb-Ta-Li-Cs pegmatite, discussing its genetic relationship with granite wall rocks and defining the metallogenic age of rare metals in the deposit. The No.5 pegmatite of Renli-Chuanziyuan deposit is geochemically characterized by relatively rich in alkali with Na_2O+K_2O(5.11～14.02 %) and peraluminous(A/CNK=1.04～2.26). The pegmatite is distinctively enriched in Ta, Nb, Hf and Zr, relatively depleted in Ba and Sr. Strong enrichment of incompatible elements Rb, Cs, Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf indicates that the pegmatite magma has undergone sufficient differentiation and evolution. Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics show that the differentiation-evolution degree of No.5 pegmatite of Renli-Chuanziyuan deposit increases gradually from border to core. But the representational geochemical indexes of pegmatite show obvious catastrophic relationship with the granitic wall rock. Based on the field contact relationship and chronology evidence, we inferred that the wall rock of two-mica granite is not the parent rock of rare metal pegmatites. The rare metal mineralization of Renli-Chuanziyuan deposit shows the characteristics of magma-hydrothermal two-stage mineralization. The Ar-Ar plateau age of lepidolite in the No.5 pegmatite is 125.0±1.4 Ma, which represents the age of rare metal accumulation and mineralization in the near hydrothermal system at the late stage of magma differentiation and evolution.
引文
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