国际旅游岛建设以来海南省产业空间分异格局及其驱动机制
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摘要
采用产业区位基尼系数、地理集中率、产业梯度系数和回归分析等方法,从产业整体、三次产业和字母行业3个层面分析国际旅游岛建设以来海南省产业空间分异格局及其驱动机制。结果表明,目前海南省产业整体和多数产业特别是第三产业与多数资本和技术密集型服务业、生产性服务业空间分异程度高,主要分布于少数沿海非民族市县,呈明显的沿海-内陆、非民族-民族地区与北-南向类似U型的分异格局;产业整体、三次产业与10个字母行业从业人员数空间分异趋于加剧,空间分布趋于向少数市县集中,而产业整体和三次产业增加值与6个字母行业从业人员数空间分异趋于减缓,空间分布基本趋于向北部沿海地区以南分散,意味着海南国际旅游岛建设带来了旅游相关产业规划所确定的重点产业的空间拓展;海南省产业空间分异格局是要素禀赋作用效应、循环累积因果效应、分工经济效应、制度诱导效应、空间近邻效应和外部经济效应叠加的结果。结果基本验证了中国产业空间分异的一些研究结论,也表明海南省需要扶持内陆和民族地区发展公共服务业和优势产业,适度引导产业向部分内陆和民族市县集中和分散,以增强产业空间布局的均衡性。
It has vital sense on impelling the coordinate and balanceable development of regional economy to study the spatial differentiation pattern of industrial development. At the same time, Hainan Province is an important area with a strategic role in China's overall development, but it is still an underdeveloped province. It is necessary to optimize the industrial spatial layout for promoting the construction of the Hainan Free Trade Zone and Free Trade port, and achieving coordinated and balanced development of regional economy in Hainan Province. Moreover, this paper, using the methods of industrial location Gini coefficient, geographical concentration rate, industrial gradient coefficient and regression analysis, analyzed comprehensively the spatial differentiation pattern and its driving mechanism in Hainan province since the construction of the International Tourist Island in 2009 from three levels of overall industry, three industries and letter industries. The results shown as follows: fistly, the overall industry and most industries, especially the tertiary industry, the most capital-intensive and technology-intensive service industries, and productive service industries had a higher degree of spatial differentiation, which distributed mainly in a few coastal non-ethnic cities and counties and shown obvious differentiation pattern of coast-inland, non-ethnic ethnic areas and similar U-shaped in the north-south direction. Secondly, in the aspect of the employment number of overall industry, three industries and 10 letter industries, the spatial differentiation tended to aggravate, and the spatial distribution tended to concentrate in a few cities and counties, especially coastal non-ethnic cities and counties, while in the aspect of the added value of overall industry, three industries and the employment number of 6 letter industries, the spatial differentiation tended to slow down, and the spatial distribution tended basically to disperse southward from the northern coastal areas, which meant that the strategic implementation of the International Tourist Island has brought spatial expansion of the key industries identified by planning, such as some tourism-related industries. Additionally, the pattern of industrial spatial differentiation in Hainan Province is the result of comprehensive action of factor endowment effect, circular cumulative causal effects, division economic effects, institutional inductive effects brought about by the implementation of Hainan International Tourism Island Construction Strategy, spatial neighbor effects, and external economic effects. The study verified basically some research conclusions on industrial spatial differentiation, and also indicated that Hainan Province need pay more attention to develop public services and advantageous industries in the inland and ethnic areas, and guide appropriately the concentration and dispersion of industries to some inland and ethnic cities and counties, so as to increase the balance of industrial spatial layout.
It has vital sense on impelling the coordinate and balanceable development of regional economy to study the spatial differentiation pattern of industrial development. At the same time, Hainan Province is an important area with a strategic role in China's overall development, but it is still an underdeveloped province. It is necessary to optimize the industrial spatial layout for promoting the construction of the Hainan Free Trade Zone and Free Trade port, and achieving coordinated and balanced development of regional economy in Hainan Province. Moreover, this paper, using the methods of industrial location Gini coefficient, geographical concentration rate, industrial gradient coefficient and regression analysis, analyzed comprehensively the spatial differentiation pattern and its driving mechanism in Hainan province since the construction of the International Tourist Island in 2009 from three levels of overall industry, three industries and letter industries. The results shown as follows: fistly, the overall industry and most industries, especially the tertiary industry, the most capital-intensive and technology-intensive service industries, and productive service industries had a higher degree of spatial differentiation, which distributed mainly in a few coastal non-ethnic cities and counties and shown obvious differentiation pattern of coast-inland, non-ethnic ethnic areas and similar U-shaped in the north-south direction. Secondly, in the aspect of the employment number of overall industry, three industries and 10 letter industries, the spatial differentiation tended to aggravate, and the spatial distribution tended to concentrate in a few cities and counties, especially coastal non-ethnic cities and counties, while in the aspect of the added value of overall industry, three industries and the employment number of 6 letter industries, the spatial differentiation tended to slow down, and the spatial distribution tended basically to disperse southward from the northern coastal areas, which meant that the strategic implementation of the International Tourist Island has brought spatial expansion of the key industries identified by planning, such as some tourism-related industries. Additionally, the pattern of industrial spatial differentiation in Hainan Province is the result of comprehensive action of factor endowment effect, circular cumulative causal effects, division economic effects, institutional inductive effects brought about by the implementation of Hainan International Tourism Island Construction Strategy, spatial neighbor effects, and external economic effects. The study verified basically some research conclusions on industrial spatial differentiation, and also indicated that Hainan Province need pay more attention to develop public services and advantageous industries in the inland and ethnic areas, and guide appropriately the concentration and dispersion of industries to some inland and ethnic cities and counties, so as to increase the balance of industrial spatial layout.
引文
[1]Bao Chengchao,Chen Zhao,Wu Jianfeng.Chinese manufacturing on the move:factor supply or market access?[J].China Economic Review,2013,26(26):170-181.
[2]贺灿飞,朱彦刚,朱晟君.行业特性、区域特征与中国制造业省区集聚[J].地理学报,2010,65(10):1218-1228.[He Canfei,Zhu Yangang,Zhu Shengjun.Industrial characteristics and regional characteristics and the concentration of China's manufacturing at the provincial scale.Acta Geographica Sinica,2010,65(10):1218-1228.]
[3]周锐波,李晓雯.广东省制造业空间格局演化及其影响因素研究[J].人文地理,2017,32(2):95-102.[Zhou Ruibo,Li Xiaowen.Research on the evolution of manufacturing spatial patterns and its influencing factors in Guangdong Province.Human Geography,2017,32(2):95-102.]
[4]白重恩,杜颖娟,陶志刚,等.地方保护主义及产业地区集中度的决定因素和变动趋势[J].经济研究,2004(4):29-40.[Bai Chong’en,Du Yingjuan,Tao Zhigang et al.Determinants and trends of local protectionism and concentration of industrial regions.Economic Research,2004(4):29-40.]
[5]唐晓华,陈阳,张欣钰.中国制造业集聚程度演变趋势及时空特征研究[J].经济问题探索,2017(5):172-181.[Tang Xiaohua,Chen Yang,Zhang Xinyu.Study on the evolution trend and time-space characteristics of China's manufacturing agglomeration degree.Exploration of Economic Issues,2017(5):172-181.]
[6]关爱萍,张宇.中国制造业产业集聚度的演进态势:1993-2012--基于修正的E-G指数[J].产经评论,2015(4):15-27.[Guan Aiping,Zhang Yu.Evolution of China's manufacturing industry cluster degree:1993-2012-Based on a modified E-G Index.Forward Position or Economics Review,2015(4):15-27.]
[7]Kim S.Expansion of markets and the geographic distributionof economic activities:The trends in US regional manufacturing structure,1860-1987[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,1995,111(4):881-908.
[8]Mori T,Smith T E.On the spatial scale of industrial agglomerations[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2015,89(9):1-20.
[9]邵朝对,苏丹妮,李坤望.跨越边界的集聚:空间特征与驱动因素[J].财贸经济,2018,39(4):99-113.[Shao Chaodui,Su Danni,Li Kunwang.Agglomeration across borders:Spatial characteristics and driving factors.Finance and Trade,2018,39(4):99-113.]
[10]Billingsa S B,Johnson E B.Agglomeration within an urban area[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2016,91(1):13-25.
[11]沙勇,郭洁.京津冀地区就业增长的空间集散趋势分析[J].人口与发展,2014,20(5):2-9.[Sha Yong,Guo Jie.Analysis of the spatial distribution trend of employment growth in Jing-Jin-Ji Region.Population&Development,2014,20(5):2-9.]
[12]覃成林,杨晴晴.高速铁路对生产性服务业空间格局变迁的影响[J].经济地理,2017,37(2):90-97.[Qin Chenglin,Yang Qingqing.The impact of high-speed railway on the changes of spatial pattern of producer services.Economic Geography,2017,37(2):90-97.]
[13]Combes P P,Lafourcade M,Thisse J F et al.The rise and fall of spatial inequalities in france:A long-run perspective[J].Explorations in Economic History,2011,48(2):243-271.
[14]Barunehrjelm P,Johansson D.The determinants of spatial concentartion:the manufacturing and service sector in an international perspective[J].Industry and Innvoation,2003,10(1):41-63.
[15]Koster H R A,Ommeren J V,Rietveld P.Estimation of semiparametric sorting models:Explaining geographical concentration of business services[J].Regional Science and Urban Economics,2014,44(1):14-28.
[16]Antonietti R,Cainelli G,Lupi C.Vertical disintegration and spatial colocalization:The case of kibs in the metropolitan region of Milan[J].Economics Letters,2013,118(2):360-363.
[17]赵增耀,夏斌.市场潜能、地理溢出与工业集聚-基于非线性空间门槛效应的经验分析[J].中国工业经济,2012(11):71-83.[Zhao Zengyao,Xia Bin.Market potential,geographical spillover and industrial agglomeration-An empirical analysis based on nonlinear spatial threshold effect.China Industrial Economy,2012(11):71-83.]
[18]王晓云,丁四保.区域实现生态经济的产业空间分布研究-以海南省为例[J].软科学,2008,22(3):104-108.[Wang Xiaoyun,Ding Sibao.Study on the spatial distribution of regional realization of ecological economy-Taking Hainan Province as an example.Soft Science,2008,22(3):104-108.]
[19]徐有钢.面向后工业化社会的海南探索:路径选择与空间重点[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(4):10-16.[Xu Yougang.Hainan exploration for post-industrialized society:Path selection and spatial focus.Urban Development Research,2014,21(4):10-16.]
[20]刘琼,李仁君.基于区域划分的产业空间分布及发展研究-以海南省为例[J].金融经济,2017(22):31-33.[Liu Qiong,Li Renjun.Study on the spatial distribution and development of industries based on regional division-Taking Hainan Province as an example.Financial Economy,2017(22):31-33.]
[21]李敏纳,周春山,蔡舒,等.海南建省以来经济增长空间分异格局演变[J].经济地理,2017,37(2):23-32.[Li Minna,Zhou Chunshan,Cai Shu et al.Evolution of spatial differentiation pattern of economic growth since Hainan Province was established.Economic Geography,2017,37(2):23-32.]
[22]宋洁华,李敏纳,蔡舒,等.海南交通可达性的测度与空间分异格局分析[J].地理科学,2017,37(10):1507-1516.[Song Jiehua,Li Minna,Cai Shu et al.Measurement spatial differentiation pattern of traffic accessibility in Hainan.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(10):1507-1516.]
[23]戴平生.区位基尼系数的计算、性质及其应用[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2015(7):149-161.[Dai Pingsheng.Calculation,properties and applications of location Gini Coefficient.Technology and Economy in Quantitative Economics,2015(7):149-161.]
[24]魏后凯.现代区域经济学[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2006.[Wei Houkai.Modern regional economics.Beijing:Economic Management Press,2006.]
[25]戴宏伟,田学斌,陈永国.区域产业转移研究--以“大北京”经济圈为例[M].北京:中国物价出版社,2003.[Dai Hongwei,Tian Xuebin,Chen Yongguo.Research on regional industrial transfer:Taking the"Greater Beijing"economic circle as an example.Beijing:China Price Press,2003.]
[26]贺灿飞.产业联系与北京优势产业及其演变[J].城市发展研究,2006,13(4):99-108.[He Canfei.Industrial linkages and Beijing's competitive industries and their evolution.Urban Development Research,2006,13(4):99-108.]
[27]海南省统计局,国家统计局海南调查总队.海南统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2010-2016.[Hainan Provincial Bureau of Statistics,Hainan Survey Corps of the National Bureau of Statistics of China.Hainan statistical yearbook.Beijing:China Statistics Press,2010-2016.]
[28]陈娟.基于分行业面板数据的服务业全要素生产率分析--以浙江省为例[J].商业经济与管理,2010,229(11):61-68.[Chen Juan.Analysis of total factor productivity of service industry based on panel data of industry-Taking Zhejiang Province as an example.Commercial Economy and Management,2010,229(11):61-68.]
(1)本文中的沿海内陆分异和非民族民族地区分异是指沿海地区和非民族地区发展水平分别高于内陆和民族地区。
(2)民族非民族地区分异是指民族地区发展水平高于非民族地区,与非民族民族地区分异在性质上相反。
(1)个别产业CR1显著的回归系数估计值的符号与CR4和CR8不一致时,根据Gk与CR4和CR8进行判断。
(1)综合要素禀赋指区域或空间单元内各种要素赋存的总体状态。
[2]贺灿飞,朱彦刚,朱晟君.行业特性、区域特征与中国制造业省区集聚[J].地理学报,2010,65(10):1218-1228.[He Canfei,Zhu Yangang,Zhu Shengjun.Industrial characteristics and regional characteristics and the concentration of China's manufacturing at the provincial scale.Acta Geographica Sinica,2010,65(10):1218-1228.]
[3]周锐波,李晓雯.广东省制造业空间格局演化及其影响因素研究[J].人文地理,2017,32(2):95-102.[Zhou Ruibo,Li Xiaowen.Research on the evolution of manufacturing spatial patterns and its influencing factors in Guangdong Province.Human Geography,2017,32(2):95-102.]
[4]白重恩,杜颖娟,陶志刚,等.地方保护主义及产业地区集中度的决定因素和变动趋势[J].经济研究,2004(4):29-40.[Bai Chong’en,Du Yingjuan,Tao Zhigang et al.Determinants and trends of local protectionism and concentration of industrial regions.Economic Research,2004(4):29-40.]
[5]唐晓华,陈阳,张欣钰.中国制造业集聚程度演变趋势及时空特征研究[J].经济问题探索,2017(5):172-181.[Tang Xiaohua,Chen Yang,Zhang Xinyu.Study on the evolution trend and time-space characteristics of China's manufacturing agglomeration degree.Exploration of Economic Issues,2017(5):172-181.]
[6]关爱萍,张宇.中国制造业产业集聚度的演进态势:1993-2012--基于修正的E-G指数[J].产经评论,2015(4):15-27.[Guan Aiping,Zhang Yu.Evolution of China's manufacturing industry cluster degree:1993-2012-Based on a modified E-G Index.Forward Position or Economics Review,2015(4):15-27.]
[7]Kim S.Expansion of markets and the geographic distributionof economic activities:The trends in US regional manufacturing structure,1860-1987[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,1995,111(4):881-908.
[8]Mori T,Smith T E.On the spatial scale of industrial agglomerations[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2015,89(9):1-20.
[9]邵朝对,苏丹妮,李坤望.跨越边界的集聚:空间特征与驱动因素[J].财贸经济,2018,39(4):99-113.[Shao Chaodui,Su Danni,Li Kunwang.Agglomeration across borders:Spatial characteristics and driving factors.Finance and Trade,2018,39(4):99-113.]
[10]Billingsa S B,Johnson E B.Agglomeration within an urban area[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2016,91(1):13-25.
[11]沙勇,郭洁.京津冀地区就业增长的空间集散趋势分析[J].人口与发展,2014,20(5):2-9.[Sha Yong,Guo Jie.Analysis of the spatial distribution trend of employment growth in Jing-Jin-Ji Region.Population&Development,2014,20(5):2-9.]
[12]覃成林,杨晴晴.高速铁路对生产性服务业空间格局变迁的影响[J].经济地理,2017,37(2):90-97.[Qin Chenglin,Yang Qingqing.The impact of high-speed railway on the changes of spatial pattern of producer services.Economic Geography,2017,37(2):90-97.]
[13]Combes P P,Lafourcade M,Thisse J F et al.The rise and fall of spatial inequalities in france:A long-run perspective[J].Explorations in Economic History,2011,48(2):243-271.
[14]Barunehrjelm P,Johansson D.The determinants of spatial concentartion:the manufacturing and service sector in an international perspective[J].Industry and Innvoation,2003,10(1):41-63.
[15]Koster H R A,Ommeren J V,Rietveld P.Estimation of semiparametric sorting models:Explaining geographical concentration of business services[J].Regional Science and Urban Economics,2014,44(1):14-28.
[16]Antonietti R,Cainelli G,Lupi C.Vertical disintegration and spatial colocalization:The case of kibs in the metropolitan region of Milan[J].Economics Letters,2013,118(2):360-363.
[17]赵增耀,夏斌.市场潜能、地理溢出与工业集聚-基于非线性空间门槛效应的经验分析[J].中国工业经济,2012(11):71-83.[Zhao Zengyao,Xia Bin.Market potential,geographical spillover and industrial agglomeration-An empirical analysis based on nonlinear spatial threshold effect.China Industrial Economy,2012(11):71-83.]
[18]王晓云,丁四保.区域实现生态经济的产业空间分布研究-以海南省为例[J].软科学,2008,22(3):104-108.[Wang Xiaoyun,Ding Sibao.Study on the spatial distribution of regional realization of ecological economy-Taking Hainan Province as an example.Soft Science,2008,22(3):104-108.]
[19]徐有钢.面向后工业化社会的海南探索:路径选择与空间重点[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(4):10-16.[Xu Yougang.Hainan exploration for post-industrialized society:Path selection and spatial focus.Urban Development Research,2014,21(4):10-16.]
[20]刘琼,李仁君.基于区域划分的产业空间分布及发展研究-以海南省为例[J].金融经济,2017(22):31-33.[Liu Qiong,Li Renjun.Study on the spatial distribution and development of industries based on regional division-Taking Hainan Province as an example.Financial Economy,2017(22):31-33.]
[21]李敏纳,周春山,蔡舒,等.海南建省以来经济增长空间分异格局演变[J].经济地理,2017,37(2):23-32.[Li Minna,Zhou Chunshan,Cai Shu et al.Evolution of spatial differentiation pattern of economic growth since Hainan Province was established.Economic Geography,2017,37(2):23-32.]
[22]宋洁华,李敏纳,蔡舒,等.海南交通可达性的测度与空间分异格局分析[J].地理科学,2017,37(10):1507-1516.[Song Jiehua,Li Minna,Cai Shu et al.Measurement spatial differentiation pattern of traffic accessibility in Hainan.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(10):1507-1516.]
[23]戴平生.区位基尼系数的计算、性质及其应用[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2015(7):149-161.[Dai Pingsheng.Calculation,properties and applications of location Gini Coefficient.Technology and Economy in Quantitative Economics,2015(7):149-161.]
[24]魏后凯.现代区域经济学[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2006.[Wei Houkai.Modern regional economics.Beijing:Economic Management Press,2006.]
[25]戴宏伟,田学斌,陈永国.区域产业转移研究--以“大北京”经济圈为例[M].北京:中国物价出版社,2003.[Dai Hongwei,Tian Xuebin,Chen Yongguo.Research on regional industrial transfer:Taking the"Greater Beijing"economic circle as an example.Beijing:China Price Press,2003.]
[26]贺灿飞.产业联系与北京优势产业及其演变[J].城市发展研究,2006,13(4):99-108.[He Canfei.Industrial linkages and Beijing's competitive industries and their evolution.Urban Development Research,2006,13(4):99-108.]
[27]海南省统计局,国家统计局海南调查总队.海南统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2010-2016.[Hainan Provincial Bureau of Statistics,Hainan Survey Corps of the National Bureau of Statistics of China.Hainan statistical yearbook.Beijing:China Statistics Press,2010-2016.]
[28]陈娟.基于分行业面板数据的服务业全要素生产率分析--以浙江省为例[J].商业经济与管理,2010,229(11):61-68.[Chen Juan.Analysis of total factor productivity of service industry based on panel data of industry-Taking Zhejiang Province as an example.Commercial Economy and Management,2010,229(11):61-68.]
(1)本文中的沿海内陆分异和非民族民族地区分异是指沿海地区和非民族地区发展水平分别高于内陆和民族地区。
(2)民族非民族地区分异是指民族地区发展水平高于非民族地区,与非民族民族地区分异在性质上相反。
(1)个别产业CR1显著的回归系数估计值的符号与CR4和CR8不一致时,根据Gk与CR4和CR8进行判断。
(1)综合要素禀赋指区域或空间单元内各种要素赋存的总体状态。
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