珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷古近系与新近系油气富集规律的差异及其主控因素
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摘要
珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷同时发育古近系文昌组油藏、恩平组油藏和新近系珠江组油藏,不同层系表现出不同的油气富集规律。在古近纪强烈裂陷阶段形成的文昌组深湖相泥岩具有厚度大、有机质丰度高的特点,是陆丰凹陷油气的主要来源。古近系油藏埋深较大,主要分布在洼陷斜坡和洼中隆起位置;新近系油藏埋深较浅,主要分布在远离洼陷的凸起带。古近系储层主要为湖相三角洲成因,埋深较大,物性相对较差;新近系储层主要为海相沉积,埋深较浅,物性相对较好。新近系圈闭的形成主要受构造控制,发育背斜和断背斜圈闭;古近系圈闭的形成往往受构造和岩性共同控制。包裹体分析表明,不同含油层系具有不同的成藏时间,文昌组、恩平组和珠江组分别在12 Ma、11 Ma和9 Ma成藏。古近系油藏和新近系油藏具有不同的运移输导特征,砂体和断裂的组合构成了多种输导模式。古近系油藏具有近源运聚成藏的特征,以短距离的砂体侧向输导和断裂垂向输导为主;而新近系油藏表现为远源运聚成藏的特征,砂体和控洼断裂构成复合运移通道。不同的油气富集规律导致古近系和新近系油藏具有不同的成藏主控因素。其中,文昌组油藏主要受控于储层发育特征,恩平组油藏主要受控于储-盖组合,而珠江组油藏主要受控于圈闭发育条件。
The reservoirs in Paleogene Wenchang Formation,Enping Formation and Neogene Zhujiang Formation are simultaneously developed in Lufeng sag of Pearl River Mouth Basin,and different layers show different oil and gas enrichment regularities.The deep lacustrine mudstone of Wenchang Formation was formed in the Paleogene intense rift stage,characterized by great thickness and high abundance of organic matter,as the main source of oil and gas in Lufeng sag.The Paleogene reservoir had a deep burial depth,mainly distributed on the slope and in the central uplift of subsag.The Neogene reservoir had a shallow burial depth,mainly distributed in the uplift area away from the subsag.The Paleogene reservoirs were mainly sourced from the lacustrine delta with deep burial depth and relatively poor physical properties.The Neogene reservoirs were dominated by marine sediments with shallow burial depth and relatively good physical properties.The formation of Neogene traps was mainly controlled by geological structures;anticline and fault anticline traps were developed.The formation of Paleogene traps was often controlled by geological structures and lithologies.The fluid inclusion analysis showed that different oil-bearing strata had different accumulation time,and Wenchang Formation,Enping Formation and Zhujiang Formation were formed at 12 Ma,11 Ma and 9 Ma respectively.The Paleogene and the Neogene reservoirs had different migration and transport characteristics,and the combination of sand bodies and faults constitutes multiple transport modes.The Paleogene reservoirs were characterized by near-source transport and accumulation,especially short-distance sand-body lateral transport and vertical fault transport,while the Neogene reservoirs are characterized by far-source transport and accumulation.The sand body and subsag-controlling fault constitute composite migration channels.The differences in oil and gas enrichment regularities lead to different main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Paleogene and Neogene reservoirs.Thereinto,the reservoirs of Wenchang Formation,Enping Formation and Zhujiang Formation are mainly controlled by reservoir development characteristics,reservoir-cap combination,and trap development conditions,respectively.
The reservoirs in Paleogene Wenchang Formation,Enping Formation and Neogene Zhujiang Formation are simultaneously developed in Lufeng sag of Pearl River Mouth Basin,and different layers show different oil and gas enrichment regularities.The deep lacustrine mudstone of Wenchang Formation was formed in the Paleogene intense rift stage,characterized by great thickness and high abundance of organic matter,as the main source of oil and gas in Lufeng sag.The Paleogene reservoir had a deep burial depth,mainly distributed on the slope and in the central uplift of subsag.The Neogene reservoir had a shallow burial depth,mainly distributed in the uplift area away from the subsag.The Paleogene reservoirs were mainly sourced from the lacustrine delta with deep burial depth and relatively poor physical properties.The Neogene reservoirs were dominated by marine sediments with shallow burial depth and relatively good physical properties.The formation of Neogene traps was mainly controlled by geological structures;anticline and fault anticline traps were developed.The formation of Paleogene traps was often controlled by geological structures and lithologies.The fluid inclusion analysis showed that different oil-bearing strata had different accumulation time,and Wenchang Formation,Enping Formation and Zhujiang Formation were formed at 12 Ma,11 Ma and 9 Ma respectively.The Paleogene and the Neogene reservoirs had different migration and transport characteristics,and the combination of sand bodies and faults constitutes multiple transport modes.The Paleogene reservoirs were characterized by near-source transport and accumulation,especially short-distance sand-body lateral transport and vertical fault transport,while the Neogene reservoirs are characterized by far-source transport and accumulation.The sand body and subsag-controlling fault constitute composite migration channels.The differences in oil and gas enrichment regularities lead to different main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Paleogene and Neogene reservoirs.Thereinto,the reservoirs of Wenchang Formation,Enping Formation and Zhujiang Formation are mainly controlled by reservoir development characteristics,reservoir-cap combination,and trap development conditions,respectively.
引文
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[21]操义军,王权,邹华耀,等.廊固凹陷原油成因类型与分布规律[J].石油学报,2017,38(11):1263-1274.CAO Yijun,WANG Quan,ZOU Huayao,et al.Genesis types and distribution laws of crude oil in Langgu sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(11):1263-1274.
[2]舒誉,施和生,杜家元,等.珠一坳陷古近系油气成藏特征及勘探方向[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(3):37-42.SHU Yu,SHI Hesheng,DU Jiayuan,et al.Paleogene characteristics in hydrocarbon accumulation and exploration direction in Zhu I depression[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(3):37-42.
[3]龚晓峰,何家雄,莫涛,等.珠江口盆地珠一坳陷惠陆油区含油气系统与油气运聚成藏模式[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(12):2292-2303.GONG Xiaofeng,HE Jiaxiong,MO Tao,et al.The petroleum system and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation mode of Huilu oil region in Zhu 1 depression of Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(12):2292-2303.
[4]施和生,何敏,张丽丽,等.珠江口盆地(东部)油气地质特征、成藏规律及下一步勘探策略[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(3):11-22.SHI Hesheng,HE Min,ZHANG Lili,et al.Hydrocarbon geology,accumulation pattern and the next exploration strategy in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(3):11-22.
[5]陈长民.珠江口盆地东部石油地质及油气藏形成条件初探[J].中国海上油气,2000,14(2):73-83.CHEN Changmin.Petroleum geology and conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2000,14(2):73-83.
[6]郭伯举,谢家声,向凤典.珠江口盆地珠一坳陷含油气系统研究[J].中国海上油气(地质),2000,14(1):1-8.GUO Boju,XIE Jiashen,XIANG Fengdian.The study of the petroleum system in the Zhu I depression in Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2000,14(1):1-8.
[7]YU Fusheng,KOYI H,ZHANG Xiangtao.Intersection patterns of normal faults in the Lufeng sag of Pearl River Mouth Basin,China:insights from 4D physical simulations[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2016,93:67-90.
[8]汪旭东,张向涛,林鹤鸣,等.珠江口盆地陆丰13洼陷中央背斜带地质构造特征及对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2019,40(1):56-66.WANG Xudong,ZHANG Xiangtao,LIN Heming,et al.Geological structure characteristics of central anticline zone in Lufeng13 subsag,Pearl River Mouth Basin and its control effect of hydrocarbon accumulation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2019,40(1):56-66.
[9]汪旭东,张向涛,何敏,等.珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷南部文昌组储层发育特征及其控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(6):1147-1155.WANG Xudong,ZHANG Xiangtao,HE Min,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of reservoir development in the Wenchang Formation,southern Lufeng sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(6):1147-1155.
[10]张向涛,汪旭东,舒誉,等.珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷大中型油田地质特征及形成条件[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2017,48(11):2979-2989.ZHANG Xiangtao,WANG Xudong,SHU Yu,et al.Geological characteristics and forming conditions of large and medium oilfields in Lufeng sag of eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2017,48(11):2979-2989.
[11]王张虎,郭建华,刘辰生,等.珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷珠江组沉积相带与储层特征[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2017,37(1):64-72.WANG Zhanghu,GUO Jianhua,LIU Chensheng,et al.Sedimentary facies and reservoir quality of the Zhujiang Formation in the Lufeng depression,Zhujiangkou Basin[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2017,37(1):64-72.
[12]XIANG Baoli,ZHOU Ni,MA Wanyun,et al.Multiple-stage migration and accumulation of Permian lacustrine mixed oils in the central Junggar Basin(NW China)[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,59:187-201.
[13]KILLOPS S D,REYES A,FUNNELL R H.Filling history of the Maui B field,New Zealand:new information from oil inclusions in authigenic minerals from the oil leg in the Maui-B1 Well Fsands[J].Journal of Petroleum Geology,2010,32(3):271-286.
[14]CONLIFFE J,BLAMEY N F,FEELY M,et al.Hydrocarbon migration in the Porcupine Basin,offshore Ireland:evidence from fluid inclusion studies[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2010,16(1):67-76.
[15]高勇,牟智全,王永凯,等.流体包裹体在油气成藏研究中的应用[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(4):37-41.GAO Yong,MU Zhiquan,WANG Yongkai,et al.Application of fluid inclusion in hydrocarbon accumulation study[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(4):37-41.
[16]余孝颖,施继锡.红外、紫外及荧光分析在有机包裹体研究中的应用[J].矿物学报,1996,16(2):212-217.YU Xiaoying,SHI Jixi.Infrared,ultraviolet and fluorescence analyses and their application in the study of organic inclusions[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,1996,16(2):212-217.
[17]KHORASANI G K.Novel development in fluorescence microscopy of complex organic mixtures:application in petroleum geochemistry[J].Organic Geochemistry,1987,11(3):157-168.
[18]赵贤正,蒲秀刚,王家豪,等.断陷盆地缓坡区控砂控藏机制与勘探发现——以歧口凹陷歧北缓坡带为例[J].石油学报,2017,38(7):729-739.ZHAO Xianzheng,PU Xiugang,WANG Jiahao,et al.Sand and reservoir controlling mechanism and exploration discovery in the gentle slope of fault basin:a case study of Qibei slope in Qikou sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(7):729-739.
[19]刘欣,刘震,卢朝进,等.南堡凹陷柳赞地区沙河街组三段中上部物源演化及砂体分布控制因素[J].石油学报,2017,38(8):888-901.LIU Xin,LIU Zhen,LU Chaojin,et al.Evolution of sedimentary source and controlling factors of sandstone body distribution in the middle-upper part of the third Member of Shahejie Formation in Liuzan area,Nanpu depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(8):888-901.
[20]金凤鸣,侯凤香,焦双志,等.断陷盆地断层-岩性油藏成藏主控因素——以饶阳凹陷留107区块为例[J].石油学报,2016,37(8):986-995.JIN Fengming,HOU Fengxiang,JIAO Shuangzhi,et al.Major controlling factors of fault-lithologic reservoir accumulation in rifted basin:a case study of Liu 107 block,Raoyang sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(8):986-995.
[21]操义军,王权,邹华耀,等.廊固凹陷原油成因类型与分布规律[J].石油学报,2017,38(11):1263-1274.CAO Yijun,WANG Quan,ZOU Huayao,et al.Genesis types and distribution laws of crude oil in Langgu sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(11):1263-1274.
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