The v_P Velocity Structures of Sub-blocks in the North China Craton from Active Source Waveform Modeling and Tectonic Implications
|
摘要
We present the 1-D crustal velocity structure of the major tectonic blocks of the North China Craton(NCC) along 36°N based on synthetic seismogram modeling of long-range wide-angle reflection/refraction data. This profile extends from southwest Yan'an of central Shaanxi Province of China(109.47°E), across the southern Trans-North China Orogen(TNCO), the southwestern part of the North China Plain(NCP), the Luxi Uplift(LU) and the Sulu Orogen(SLO), ending at Qingdao City of Shandong Province, the eastern margin of China(120.12°E) along 36°N. We utilized reflectivity synthetic seismogram modeling of the active source data to develop 1-D velocity structures of the sub-blocks of the NCC. Our final model shows that the NCC crust varies remarkably among the tectonic units with different velocity structure features. Higher lower crustal velocity and Moho depth ～42 km is a major feature of the crust beneath southern Ordos Blockt. The TNCO which is composed of Lyuliangshan Mountains(LM), Shanxi Graben(SXG) and Taihangshan Mountains(TM) shows dominant trans-orogenic features. The NCP shows a dominant thickening of sediments, sharp crust thinning with Moho depth ～32 km and significant lower average velocity. The SLO and the LU shows a stratified crust, higher average velocity and crust thinning with Moho depth of ～35 km. Our model shows the coincidence between the deep structure and the surface geology among all the tectonic sub-blocks of the NCC.
We present the 1-D crustal velocity structure of the major tectonic blocks of the North China Craton(NCC) along 36°N based on synthetic seismogram modeling of long-range wide-angle reflection/refraction data. This profile extends from southwest Yan'an of central Shaanxi Province of China(109.47°E), across the southern Trans-North China Orogen(TNCO), the southwestern part of the North China Plain(NCP), the Luxi Uplift(LU) and the Sulu Orogen(SLO), ending at Qingdao City of Shandong Province, the eastern margin of China(120.12°E) along 36°N. We utilized reflectivity synthetic seismogram modeling of the active source data to develop 1-D velocity structures of the sub-blocks of the NCC. Our final model shows that the NCC crust varies remarkably among the tectonic units with different velocity structure features. Higher lower crustal velocity and Moho depth ～42 km is a major feature of the crust beneath southern Ordos Blockt. The TNCO which is composed of Lyuliangshan Mountains(LM), Shanxi Graben(SXG) and Taihangshan Mountains(TM) shows dominant trans-orogenic features. The NCP shows a dominant thickening of sediments, sharp crust thinning with Moho depth ～32 km and significant lower average velocity. The SLO and the LU shows a stratified crust, higher average velocity and crust thinning with Moho depth of ～35 km. Our model shows the coincidence between the deep structure and the surface geology among all the tectonic sub-blocks of the NCC.
We present the 1-D crustal velocity structure of the major tectonic blocks of the North China Craton(NCC) along 36°N based on synthetic seismogram modeling of long-range wide-angle reflection/refraction data. This profile extends from southwest Yan'an of central Shaanxi Province of China(109.47°E), across the southern Trans-North China Orogen(TNCO), the southwestern part of the North China Plain(NCP), the Luxi Uplift(LU) and the Sulu Orogen(SLO), ending at Qingdao City of Shandong Province, the eastern margin of China(120.12°E) along 36°N. We utilized reflectivity synthetic seismogram modeling of the active source data to develop 1-D velocity structures of the sub-blocks of the NCC. Our final model shows that the NCC crust varies remarkably among the tectonic units with different velocity structure features. Higher lower crustal velocity and Moho depth ～42 km is a major feature of the crust beneath southern Ordos Blockt. The TNCO which is composed of Lyuliangshan Mountains(LM), Shanxi Graben(SXG) and Taihangshan Mountains(TM) shows dominant trans-orogenic features. The NCP shows a dominant thickening of sediments, sharp crust thinning with Moho depth ～32 km and significant lower average velocity. The SLO and the LU shows a stratified crust, higher average velocity and crust thinning with Moho depth of ～35 km. Our model shows the coincidence between the deep structure and the surface geology among all the tectonic sub-blocks of the NCC.
引文
Chen Ling,Zheng Tianyu,Xu Weiwei.Receiver function migration image of the deep structure in the Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2006a,33(20):L20307.
Chen Ling,Zheng Tianyu,Xu Weiwei.A thinned lithospheric image of the Tanlu Fault Zone,eastern China:constructed from wave equation based receiver function migration[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2006b,111(B9):B09312.
Chen Ling,Tao Wang,Zhao Liang,Zheng Tianyu.Distinct lateral variation of lithospheric thickness in the northeastern North China Craton[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2008,267(1/2):56-68.
Chen Ling.Lithospheric structure variations between the eastern and central North China Craton from S- and P-receiver function migration[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,2009,173(3/4):216-227.
Chen Ling.Concordant structural variations from the surface to the base of the upper mantle in the North China Craton and its tectonic implications[J].Lithos,2010,120(1/2):96-115.
Chen Ling,Jiang Mingming,Yang Jinhui,Wei Zigen,Liu Chuanzhou,Ling Yuan.Presence of an intralithospheric discontinuity in the central and western North China Craton:implications for destruction of the Craton[J].Geology,2014,42(3):223-226.
Chen Yong,Zhang Xiankang,Qiu Xuelin,Ge Hongkui,Liu Baojin,Wang Baoshan.A new way to generate seismic waves for continental crustal exploration[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(16):2264-2268.doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0247-4.
Chen Yong,Wang Baoshan,Yao Huajian.Seismic airgun exploration of continental crust structures[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2017,60(10):1739-1751,doi:10.1007/s11430-016-9096-6.
Christeson G.L.,McIntosh K.D.,Shipley T.H.Seismic attenuation in the Costa Rica margin wedge:amplitude modeling of ocean bottom hydrophone data[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,179(2):391-405.
Fuchs K.,Müller G.Computation of synthetic seismograms with the reflectivity method and comparison with observations[J].Geophysical Journal International,1971,23(4):417-433.
Jia Shixu,Liu Changquan.Study on the seismic phase of DSS in North China[J].Seismology and Geology,1995,17(2):97-105 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Jia Shixu,Zhang Xiankang.Crustal structure and comparison of different tectonic blocks in North China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2005,48(3):611-620 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Jia Shixu,Wang Fuyun,Tian Xiaofeng,Duan Yonghong,Zhang Jianshi,Liu Baofeng,Lin Jiyan.Crustal structure and tectonic study of North China Craton from a long deep seismic sounding profile[J].Tectonophysics,2014,627:48-56.
Kusky T.M.,Windley B.F.,Zhai M.G.Tectonic evolution of the North China Block:from orogen to Craton to orogeny[J].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,2007,280(1):1-34.
Li Songlin,Mooney W.D.,Fan Jichang.Crustal structure of mainland China from deep seismic sounding data[J].Tectonophysics,2006,420(1/2):239-252.
Li Songlin,Lai Xiaoling,Liu Baofeng,Wang Zhisuo,He Jiayong,Sun Yi.Differences in lithospheric structures between two sides of Taihang Mountain obtained from the Zhucheng-Yichuan deep seismic sounding profile[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2011,54(6):871-880.
Liu D.Y.,Nutman A.P.,Compston W.,Wu J.S.,Shen Q.H.Remnants of ≥3800 Ma crust in the Chinese part of the Sino-Korean craton[J].Geology,1992,20(4):339-342.
Menzies M.,Xu Yigang,Zhang Hongfu,Fan Weiming.Integration of geology,geophysics and geochemistry:a key to understanding the North China Craton[J].Lithos,2007,96(1/2):1-21.
Sandmeier K.J.,Wenzel F.Synthetic seismograms for a complex crustal model.Geophysical Research Letters,1986,13(1):22-25.
She Yuyang,Yao Huajian,Zhai Qiushi,Wang Fuyun,Tian Xiaofeng.Shallow crustal structure of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River region in eastern China from surface-wave tomography of a large volume airgun-shot experiment[J].Seismological Research Letters,2018,89(3):1003-1013.
Stern R.J.,Li Shimin,Keller G.R.Continental crust of China:a brief guide for the perplexed[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2018,179:72-94.
Tian Xiaofeng,Zelt C.A.,Wang Fuyun,Jia Shixu,Liu Qiaoxia.Crust structure of the North China Craton from a long-range seismic wide-angle-reflection/refraction data[J].Tectonophysics,2014,634:237-245.
Tian Xiaofeng,Yang Zhuoxin,Wang Baoshan,Yao Huajian,Wang Fuyun,Liu Baofeng,Zheng Chenglong,Gao Zhanyong,Xiong Wei,Deng Xiaoguo.3D seismic refraction travel-time tomography beneath the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Region[J].Seismological Research Letters,2018,89(3):992-1002.
Wang Baoshan,Wang Weitao,Ge Hongkui,Xu Ping,Wang Bin.Monitoring subsurface changes with active sources[J].Advances in Earth Science,2011,26(3):249-256 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Baoshan,Tian Xiaofeng,Zhang Yunpeng,Li Yulan,Yang Wei,Zhang Bo,Wang Weitao,Yang Jun,Li Xiaobin.Seismic signature of an untuned large-volume airgun array fired in a water reservoir[J].Seismological Research Letters,2018,89(3):983-991.
Wang Pan,Xu Mingjie,Wang Liangshu,Mi Ning,Yu Dayong,Li Hua,Li Cheng,Bao Xuewei,Huang Tao,Huang Hui.Seismic evidence for the stratified lithosphere in the south of the North China Craton[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2013,118(2):570-582.
Xu Yigang,Li Hongyan,Pang Chongjin,He Bin.On the timing and duration of the destruction of the North China Craton[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(19):3379-3396.
Zhang Zhongjie,Wu Jing,Deng Yangfan,Teng Jiwen,Zhang Xi,Chen Yun,Panza G.Lateral variation of the strength of lithosphere across the eastern North China Craton:new constraints on lithospheric disruption[J].Gondwana Research,2012,22(3/4):1047-1059.
Zhang Zhongjie,Zhang Guowei,Deng Yangfan,Santosh M.,Teng Jiwen.Geophysical transect across the North China Craton:a perspective on the interaction between Tibetan eastward escape and Pacific westward flow[J].Gondwana Research,2014,26(1):311-322.
Zhao Guochun,Wilde S.A.,Cawood P.A.,Lu Liangzhao.Thermal evolution of Archean basement rocks from the eastern part of the North China craton and its bearing on tectonic setting[J].International Geology Review,1998,40(8):706-721.
Zhao Jinren,Zhang Xiankang,Wang Fuyun,Zhang Chengke,Zhang Jianshi,Liu Baofeng,Pan Suzhen.North China sub-craton lithospheric structure elucidated through coal mine blasting[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(4):669-676.
Zheng Yongfei,Xiao Wenjiao,Zhao Guochun.Introduction to tectonics of China[J].Gondwana Research,2013,23(4):1189-1206.
Zhu Junjiang,Kopp H.,Flueh E.R.,Klaeschen D.,Papenberg C.,Planert L.Crustal structure of the central Costa Rica subduction zone:implications for basal erosion from seismic wide-angle data[J].Geophysical Journal International,2009,178(2):1112-1131.
Zhu Rixiang,Zheng Tianyu.Destruction geodynamics of the North China Craton and its paleoproterozoic plate tectonics[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(19):3354-3366.
Zhu Rixiang,Xu YiGang,Zhu Guang,Zhang Hongfu,Xia Qunke,Zheng Tianyu.Destruction of the North China Craton[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2012,55(10):1565-1587.
Chen Ling,Zheng Tianyu,Xu Weiwei.A thinned lithospheric image of the Tanlu Fault Zone,eastern China:constructed from wave equation based receiver function migration[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2006b,111(B9):B09312.
Chen Ling,Tao Wang,Zhao Liang,Zheng Tianyu.Distinct lateral variation of lithospheric thickness in the northeastern North China Craton[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2008,267(1/2):56-68.
Chen Ling.Lithospheric structure variations between the eastern and central North China Craton from S- and P-receiver function migration[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,2009,173(3/4):216-227.
Chen Ling.Concordant structural variations from the surface to the base of the upper mantle in the North China Craton and its tectonic implications[J].Lithos,2010,120(1/2):96-115.
Chen Ling,Jiang Mingming,Yang Jinhui,Wei Zigen,Liu Chuanzhou,Ling Yuan.Presence of an intralithospheric discontinuity in the central and western North China Craton:implications for destruction of the Craton[J].Geology,2014,42(3):223-226.
Chen Yong,Zhang Xiankang,Qiu Xuelin,Ge Hongkui,Liu Baojin,Wang Baoshan.A new way to generate seismic waves for continental crustal exploration[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(16):2264-2268.doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0247-4.
Chen Yong,Wang Baoshan,Yao Huajian.Seismic airgun exploration of continental crust structures[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2017,60(10):1739-1751,doi:10.1007/s11430-016-9096-6.
Christeson G.L.,McIntosh K.D.,Shipley T.H.Seismic attenuation in the Costa Rica margin wedge:amplitude modeling of ocean bottom hydrophone data[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,179(2):391-405.
Fuchs K.,Müller G.Computation of synthetic seismograms with the reflectivity method and comparison with observations[J].Geophysical Journal International,1971,23(4):417-433.
Jia Shixu,Liu Changquan.Study on the seismic phase of DSS in North China[J].Seismology and Geology,1995,17(2):97-105 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Jia Shixu,Zhang Xiankang.Crustal structure and comparison of different tectonic blocks in North China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2005,48(3):611-620 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Jia Shixu,Wang Fuyun,Tian Xiaofeng,Duan Yonghong,Zhang Jianshi,Liu Baofeng,Lin Jiyan.Crustal structure and tectonic study of North China Craton from a long deep seismic sounding profile[J].Tectonophysics,2014,627:48-56.
Kusky T.M.,Windley B.F.,Zhai M.G.Tectonic evolution of the North China Block:from orogen to Craton to orogeny[J].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,2007,280(1):1-34.
Li Songlin,Mooney W.D.,Fan Jichang.Crustal structure of mainland China from deep seismic sounding data[J].Tectonophysics,2006,420(1/2):239-252.
Li Songlin,Lai Xiaoling,Liu Baofeng,Wang Zhisuo,He Jiayong,Sun Yi.Differences in lithospheric structures between two sides of Taihang Mountain obtained from the Zhucheng-Yichuan deep seismic sounding profile[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2011,54(6):871-880.
Liu D.Y.,Nutman A.P.,Compston W.,Wu J.S.,Shen Q.H.Remnants of ≥3800 Ma crust in the Chinese part of the Sino-Korean craton[J].Geology,1992,20(4):339-342.
Menzies M.,Xu Yigang,Zhang Hongfu,Fan Weiming.Integration of geology,geophysics and geochemistry:a key to understanding the North China Craton[J].Lithos,2007,96(1/2):1-21.
Sandmeier K.J.,Wenzel F.Synthetic seismograms for a complex crustal model.Geophysical Research Letters,1986,13(1):22-25.
She Yuyang,Yao Huajian,Zhai Qiushi,Wang Fuyun,Tian Xiaofeng.Shallow crustal structure of the Middle-Lower Yangtze River region in eastern China from surface-wave tomography of a large volume airgun-shot experiment[J].Seismological Research Letters,2018,89(3):1003-1013.
Stern R.J.,Li Shimin,Keller G.R.Continental crust of China:a brief guide for the perplexed[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2018,179:72-94.
Tian Xiaofeng,Zelt C.A.,Wang Fuyun,Jia Shixu,Liu Qiaoxia.Crust structure of the North China Craton from a long-range seismic wide-angle-reflection/refraction data[J].Tectonophysics,2014,634:237-245.
Tian Xiaofeng,Yang Zhuoxin,Wang Baoshan,Yao Huajian,Wang Fuyun,Liu Baofeng,Zheng Chenglong,Gao Zhanyong,Xiong Wei,Deng Xiaoguo.3D seismic refraction travel-time tomography beneath the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Region[J].Seismological Research Letters,2018,89(3):992-1002.
Wang Baoshan,Wang Weitao,Ge Hongkui,Xu Ping,Wang Bin.Monitoring subsurface changes with active sources[J].Advances in Earth Science,2011,26(3):249-256 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Baoshan,Tian Xiaofeng,Zhang Yunpeng,Li Yulan,Yang Wei,Zhang Bo,Wang Weitao,Yang Jun,Li Xiaobin.Seismic signature of an untuned large-volume airgun array fired in a water reservoir[J].Seismological Research Letters,2018,89(3):983-991.
Wang Pan,Xu Mingjie,Wang Liangshu,Mi Ning,Yu Dayong,Li Hua,Li Cheng,Bao Xuewei,Huang Tao,Huang Hui.Seismic evidence for the stratified lithosphere in the south of the North China Craton[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2013,118(2):570-582.
Xu Yigang,Li Hongyan,Pang Chongjin,He Bin.On the timing and duration of the destruction of the North China Craton[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(19):3379-3396.
Zhang Zhongjie,Wu Jing,Deng Yangfan,Teng Jiwen,Zhang Xi,Chen Yun,Panza G.Lateral variation of the strength of lithosphere across the eastern North China Craton:new constraints on lithospheric disruption[J].Gondwana Research,2012,22(3/4):1047-1059.
Zhang Zhongjie,Zhang Guowei,Deng Yangfan,Santosh M.,Teng Jiwen.Geophysical transect across the North China Craton:a perspective on the interaction between Tibetan eastward escape and Pacific westward flow[J].Gondwana Research,2014,26(1):311-322.
Zhao Guochun,Wilde S.A.,Cawood P.A.,Lu Liangzhao.Thermal evolution of Archean basement rocks from the eastern part of the North China craton and its bearing on tectonic setting[J].International Geology Review,1998,40(8):706-721.
Zhao Jinren,Zhang Xiankang,Wang Fuyun,Zhang Chengke,Zhang Jianshi,Liu Baofeng,Pan Suzhen.North China sub-craton lithospheric structure elucidated through coal mine blasting[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(4):669-676.
Zheng Yongfei,Xiao Wenjiao,Zhao Guochun.Introduction to tectonics of China[J].Gondwana Research,2013,23(4):1189-1206.
Zhu Junjiang,Kopp H.,Flueh E.R.,Klaeschen D.,Papenberg C.,Planert L.Crustal structure of the central Costa Rica subduction zone:implications for basal erosion from seismic wide-angle data[J].Geophysical Journal International,2009,178(2):1112-1131.
Zhu Rixiang,Zheng Tianyu.Destruction geodynamics of the North China Craton and its paleoproterozoic plate tectonics[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2009,54(19):3354-3366.
Zhu Rixiang,Xu YiGang,Zhu Guang,Zhang Hongfu,Xia Qunke,Zheng Tianyu.Destruction of the North China Craton[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2012,55(10):1565-1587.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |