致密砂岩气藏黏土矿物特征及其对储层性质的影响——以鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田为例
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摘要
为了研究致密砂岩气藏的储层性质,以X射线衍射定量评价黏土矿物赋存特征为基础,结合铸体薄片、扫描电镜、高压压汞及核磁共振等资料,对鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田二叠系盒8段致密砂岩气藏15块黏土矿物样品进行了物性特征、孔隙结构及可动流体的影响因素等研究。结果表明:伊利石(体积分数为3.07%)及高岭石(体积分数为1.86%)是研究区主要的黏土矿物;黏土矿物本身发育丰富的微-纳米级孔隙,并贡献部分储集空间,同时也是论证次生溶蚀孔隙形成的间接证据;绿泥石主要起到晚期充填破坏孔隙的作用,伊利石及伊/蒙混层的大量出现会破坏储层性质;可动流体修正参数将孔隙表面亲水性考虑在内,突出了亲水性黏土与可动流体赋存特征的关系(R2>0.70)。该项研究提供了致密砂岩气藏黏土矿物与储层性质耦合关系的新视角,可为生产实践提供理论指导。
In order to study the reservoir properties of tight sandstone gas reservoirs,based on quantitative evalu-ation of clay mineral occurrence by X-ray diffraction,combined with the data of thin sections(TS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),pressure-controlled mercury intrusion(PCMI)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),physical properties,pore structure and factors affecting movable fluids were studied on 15 clay mineral samples from tight sandstone gas reservoir of the Permian He 8 member in Sulige Gas Field,Ordos Basin. The results show that illite(3.07%)and kaolinite(1.86%)are typical clay mineral in the study area. The clay minerals could provide abundant pore space and were the indirect evidence of the appearance of dissolved pores. Chlorite filled the pores,and a large number of illite and I/S mixed layer would also deteriorate reservoir properties.Movable fluid parameters took the hydrophilic minerals on the pore surface into account,highlighting the relationship between hydrophilic clay and occurrence characteristics of movable fluid(R2 > 0.70). This research provides insights into studying the coupling relationship between clay minerals and reservoir quality and theoretical basis and practical guidance for the gas production.
In order to study the reservoir properties of tight sandstone gas reservoirs,based on quantitative evalu-ation of clay mineral occurrence by X-ray diffraction,combined with the data of thin sections(TS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),pressure-controlled mercury intrusion(PCMI)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),physical properties,pore structure and factors affecting movable fluids were studied on 15 clay mineral samples from tight sandstone gas reservoir of the Permian He 8 member in Sulige Gas Field,Ordos Basin. The results show that illite(3.07%)and kaolinite(1.86%)are typical clay mineral in the study area. The clay minerals could provide abundant pore space and were the indirect evidence of the appearance of dissolved pores. Chlorite filled the pores,and a large number of illite and I/S mixed layer would also deteriorate reservoir properties.Movable fluid parameters took the hydrophilic minerals on the pore surface into account,highlighting the relationship between hydrophilic clay and occurrence characteristics of movable fluid(R2 > 0.70). This research provides insights into studying the coupling relationship between clay minerals and reservoir quality and theoretical basis and practical guidance for the gas production.
引文
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[2]任大忠,张晖,周然,等.塔里木盆地克深地区巴什基奇克组致密砂岩储层敏感性研究.岩性油气藏,2018,30(6):27-36.REN D Z,ZHANG H,ZHOU R,et al. Sensitivity of tight sandstone reservoir of Bashijiqike Formation in Keshen area,Tarim Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(6):27-36.
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[4]任大忠,孙卫,屈雪峰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长6储层成岩作用特征及孔隙度致密演化.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(8):2706-2714.REN D Z,SUN W,QU X F,et al. Characteristic of diagenesis and pore dense evolution of Chang 6 reservoir of Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(8):2706-2714.
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[6] WALDERHAUG O,ELIASSEN A,AASE N E. Prediction of permeability in quartz-rich sandstones:Examples from the Norwegian continental shelf and the Fontainebleau sandstone. Journal of Sedimentary Research,2012,82(12):899-912.
[7]肖佃师,卢双舫,姜微微,等.基于粒间孔贡献量的致密砂岩储层分类:以徐家围子断陷为例.石油学报,2017,38(10):1123-1134.XIAO D S,LU S F,JIANG W W,et al. Classification of tight sandstone reservoirs based on the contribution of intergranular pores:a case study of Xujiaweizi fault depression. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(10):1123-1134.
[8] STROKER T M,HARRIS N B,ELLIOTT W C,et al. Diagenesis of a tight gas sand reservoir:Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group,Piceance Basin,Colorado. Marine and Petroleum Geology,2013,40:48-68.
[9] KELLER L M,HOLZER L,SCHUETZ P,et al. Pore space relevant for gas permeability in Opalinus clay:Statistical analysis of homogeneity,percolation,and representative volume element. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2013,118(6):2799-2812.
[10] SAKHAEE-POUR A,BRYANT,S L. Effect of pore structure on the producibility of tight-gas sandstones. AAPG Bulletin,2014,98(4):663-694.
[11] ZAPATA Y,SAKHAEE-POUR A. Modeling adsorption-desorption hysteresis in shales:Acyclic pore model. Fuel,2016,181(10):557-565.
[12] XIAO D,JIANG S,THUL D,et al. Impacts of clay on pore structure,storage and percolation of tight sandstones from the Songliao Basin,China:Implications for genetic classification of tight sandstone reservoirs. Fuel,2018,211(1),390-404.
[13] ZHAO H,NING Z,WANG Q,et al. Petrophysical characterization of tight oil reservoirs using pressure-controlled porosimetry combined with rate-controlled porosimetry. Fuel,2015,154:233-242.
[14] XIAO D,LU S,LU Z,et al. Combining nuclear magnetic resonance and rate-controlled porosimetry to probe the pore-throat structure of tight sandstones. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(6):1049-1059.
[15]王继平,李跃刚,王宏,等.苏里格西区苏X区块致密砂岩气藏地层水分布规律.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(4):387-393.WANG J P,LI Y G,WANG H,et al. Study on formation water distribution law in tight sandstone gas reservoir of Su X block in west area of Sulige,Ordos Basin,China. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2013,40(4):387-393.
[16]沈玉林,郭英海,李壮福.鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格庙地区二叠系山西组及下石盒子组盒八段沉积相.古地理学报,2006,8(1):53-62.SHEN Y L,GUO Y H,LI Z F. Sedimentary facies of the Shanxi Formation and member 8 of Xiashihezi Formation of Permian in Suligemiao area,Ordos Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography,2006,8(1):53-62.
[17] YANG R,FAN A,LOON A J V,et al. Depositional and diagenetic controls on sandstone reservoirs with low porosity and low permeability in the eastern Sulige Gas Field,China. Acta Geologica Sinica,2015,88(5):1513-1534.
[18]邹才能,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望:以中国致密油和致密气为例.石油学报,2012,33(2):173-187.ZOU C N,ZHU R K,WU S T,et al. Types,characteristics,genesis and prospects of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations:Taking tight oil and tight gas in China as an instance. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):173-187.
[19] WASHBURN E W. The dynamics of capillary flow. Physical Review,1921,17(3):273-283.
[20] PURCELL W R. Capillary pressures-their measurement using mercury and the calculation of permeability therefrom. Journal of Petroleum Technology,1949,1(2):39-48.
[21]国家能源局.ST/Y 5163—2010沉积岩中黏土矿物和常见非黏土矿物X射线衍射分析方法.北京:石油工业出版社,2010.China National Energy Administration. ST/Y5163—2010 Analysis method for clay minerals and non-clay minerals in sedimentary rocks by the X-ray diffraction. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010.
[22]林西生,应凤祥,郑乃萱. X射线衍射分析技术及其地质应用.北京:石油工业出版社,1992.LIN X S,YING F X,ZHENG N X. X-ray diffraction analysis technology and its geological application. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1992.
[23] SONG Z Z,LIU G D,YANG W W,et al. Multi-fractal distribution analysis for pore structure characterization of tight sandstone:a case study of the Upper Paleozoic tight formations in the Longdong district,Ordos Basin. Marine and Petroleum Geology,2017,92:842-854.
[24] LAI J,WANG G. Fractal analysis of tight gas sandstones using high-pressure mercury intrusion techniques. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2015,24:185-196.
[25] DAIGLE H,JOHNSON A,THOMAS B. Determining fractal dimension from nuclear magnetic resonance data in rocks with internal magnetic field gradients. Geophysics,2014,79(6):D425-D431.
[26] DAIGLE H,THOMAS B,ROWE H,et al. Nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of shallow marine sediments from the Nankai Trough,integrated ocean drilling program expedition333. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2014,119(4):2631-2650.
[27] DAIGLE H,JOHNSON A. Combining mercury intrusion and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements using percolation theory. Transport in Porous Media,2016,111(3):669-679.
[28]张晓.致密砂岩储层核磁共振T2谱分析研究.石油化工应用,2017,36(2):85-88.ZHANG X. The T2spectrum analysis of tight sandstone reservoir. Petrochemical Industry Application,2017,36(2):85-88.
[29] LI P,SUN W,WU B,et al. Occurrence characteristics and influential factors of movable fluids in pores with different structures of Chang 63reservoir,Huaqing Oilfield,Ordos Basin,China. Marine and Petroleum Geology,2016,97(11):480-492.
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