数据缺陷与整体性精准扶贫治理的协调挑战——以G省为例
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摘要
基于对G省扶贫数据采集和运用的分析,阐明在整体性精准扶贫治理中,存在数据采集可靠性不足、数据运用"暗箱"和数据运用"壁垒"三种缺陷。数据缺陷导致整体性精准扶贫治理中各级政府和政府部门面临协调挑战:纵向协调的控制力减弱、"传递性"受阻、协调成本增加;横向协调的职能协调难度加剧、目标协调整合被阻滞等。通过运用专业化分工和组织文化理论观点的解释,表明目标论、"结果的逻辑"、组织文化特征和路径依赖等,是导致数据缺陷与协调挑战的关键因素。
The paper selects the data of accurate poverty alleviation from G province as an analysis perspective, to illustrate that there are three kinds of data defects. They are lack of data reliability, data "black box",and data barrier. The data defects make the coordination at different levels of government and among government departments difficult. In vertical coordination, control capacity becomes more and more weak, the "transitivity" is blocked and the cost is increasing. In horizontal coordination, the coordination of function becomes more difficult and goals integration is blocked. Through the specialization and organizational culture interpretation,demonstrating organizational goals, "logic of results",organizational culture characters and path-dependency are the key factors that lead to data defects and coordination challenges.
The paper selects the data of accurate poverty alleviation from G province as an analysis perspective, to illustrate that there are three kinds of data defects. They are lack of data reliability, data "black box",and data barrier. The data defects make the coordination at different levels of government and among government departments difficult. In vertical coordination, control capacity becomes more and more weak, the "transitivity" is blocked and the cost is increasing. In horizontal coordination, the coordination of function becomes more difficult and goals integration is blocked. Through the specialization and organizational culture interpretation,demonstrating organizational goals, "logic of results",organizational culture characters and path-dependency are the key factors that lead to data defects and coordination challenges.
引文
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[2]冷志明,茹楠,丁建军.中国精准扶贫治理体系研究[J].吉首大学学报(社会科学版),2017(3).
[3]莫光辉.大数据在精准扶贫过程中的应用及实践创新[J].求实,2016(10).
[4][26]章昌平,林涛.“生境”仿真:以贫困人口为中心的大数据关联整合与精准扶贫[J].公共管理学报,2017(3).
[5]Kaisler,S.and Armour,F.46th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.Big Data:Issues and Challenges Moving Forward.Hawaii,2013.997-998.
[6]H?chtl,J.and Parycek,P.and Sch?llhammer,R.Big Data in the Policy Cycle:Policy Decision Making in the Digital Era.Journal of Organizationa Computing and Electronic Commerce,2015(12).
[7]Perri 6 and Leat,D.and Seltzer,K.and Stoker,GTowards Holistic Governance:The New Reform Agenda Basingstoke:Palgrave,2002.1,37.
[8]Leat,D.and Seltzer,K.Towards Holistic Governance The New Reform Agenda.New York:Palgrave,2002129-139.
[9]Pollit,C.Joined-up Government:A Survey.Political Studies Review,2003(1).
[10]Lodge,M.and Gill,D.Towards a New Era of Administrative Reform?The Myth of the Post-NPMin New Zealand.Governance,2011(1).
[11]Peng Jinpeng.Holistic Governance:Theory and Strategy of Institutionalization.Study of Political Science,2005(2).
[12]Gulick,L.Notes on the Theory on Organizations With Special Reference to Government.In:Gulick L and Urwin L(eds).Papers on the Science of Administr-ation.New York:A.M.Kelley,1937.25.
[13][16]Christensen,T.The Challenges of Coordination in National Security Management-the Case of the Terrorist Attack in Norway.International Review o Administrative Sciences,2015(2).
[14]Egeberg,M.How Bureaucratic Structure Matters An Organizational Perspective.The SAGE Handbook o Public Administration.London:Sage,2012.77-78.
[15][18]March,J.G.and Olsen,J.P.Rediscovering Institutions:The Organizational Basis of Politics New York:The Free Press,1989.40,69.
[17]Krasner,S.D.Sovereignty:An institutional perspective.Comparative Political Studies,1988(1).
[19]Fimreite,A.L.N?r sektorb?ndene slites Utfordringer for den Norske Velferdsmodellen Journal of Social Research,2007(1).
[20]Boston,J.and Eichbaum,C.Conference on Repositioning of Public Governance:Global Experiences and Challenges.State Sector Reform and Renewal in New Zealand:Lessons for Governance.Taipei,2005110.
[21][23]谢治菊.农村精准扶贫中的大数据应用困境及改进策略[J].中共福建省委党校学报,2017(8).
[22]汪磊,许鹿,汪霞.大数据驱动下精准扶贫运行机制的耦合性分析及其机制创新--基于贵州、甘肃的案例[J].公共管理学报,2017(3).
[24]葛志军,邢成举.精准扶贫:内涵、实践困境及其原因阐释--基于宁夏银川两个村庄的调查[J]贵州社会科学,2015(5).
[25]郭建锦,郭建平.大数据背景下的国家治理能力建设研究[J].中国行政管理,2015(6).
[27]卓越.政府交易成本的类型及其成因分析[J]中国行政管理,2008(9).
[28]吴帅.利益竞争下的政府间事权划分:冲突与化解[J].政法论坛,2018(4).
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