玉米脱粒过程台架试验与离散元仿真分析
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摘要
采用离散元法从微观角度剖析玉米子粒在脱粒过程中运动状态,建立切流-横轴流玉米脱粒装置离散元分析模型,利用EDEM软件仿真柱齿-板齿横轴流滚筒对玉米子粒在脱粒装置中轴向质量分布的影响,并将台架试验结果与仿真试验结果进行t检验分析。结果表明,两者相关系数为0. 491,修正后相关系数为0. 865,两者在轴向质量分布变化趋势一致,且没有显著差异,验证了离散元仿真玉米脱粒过程的可靠性和有效性。分析了单个玉米子粒物料在脱粒滚筒运动过程中在X、Y、Z 3个方向距离和受力变化。分析结果表明,子粒在X方向的最大瞬时速度为9. 964 m·s~(-1)和-11. 947 m·s~(-1),在Y方向的最大瞬时速度为13. 051 m·s~(-1)和-6. 104m·s~(-1),在X正向上最大受力为18. 7 N,在Y负向上最大受力为92. 5 N,Z轴在正、负方向上都有受力,最大正向受力为22. 0 N,说明柱齿-板齿滚筒在脱粒过程中可以在X、Y正负向都提供打击力,并在Z向推动玉米子粒前进,由于挡板作用,子粒在B区运动受到阻碍,有利于玉米完全脱粒及快速排出避免破碎。
The discrete element method was used to analyze the movement state of corn kernels in the threshing process from a microscopic perspective. A discrete element analysis model for corn threshing device with shear-cross-axial flow was established,and EDEM software was used to simulate the axial mass distribution of corn kernel in the threshing device by column-toothed-plate-tooth drum. In addition,the bench experiment result and simulation experiment result were analyzed by variance. The results showed that,the correlation coefficient was 0. 491 and the corrected correlation coefficient was0. 865. There was no significant difference between the simulation experiment and bench experiment of axial mass distribution curves of corn kernel. The reliability and validity of discrete element simulation of corn threshing process were verified. Then,the distance and stress change of single corn kernel in the direction of X,Y and Z during the threshing drum movement were analyzed. The results of analysis indicate that,the maximum instantaneous velocity of corn kernel was 9. 964 m·s~(-1) and-11. 947 m·s~(-1) in the X direction,and 13. 051 m·s~(-1) and-6. 104 m·s~(-1) in the Y direction. The maximum force in positive X was 18. 7 N,in negative Y was 92. 5 N. The Z-axis has forces in both positive and negative directions,the maximum positive force was 22. 0 N,which illustrated that the cylinder of columnplate-tooth horizontal axis flow could provide striking force in both positive and negative directions of X and Y,and pushed forward corn seeds in Z direction. Due to the role of baffle,the movement of corn seeds in Region B is hindered,which was conducive to complete threshing and rapid discharge of corn kernel in Region B to avoid crushing.
The discrete element method was used to analyze the movement state of corn kernels in the threshing process from a microscopic perspective. A discrete element analysis model for corn threshing device with shear-cross-axial flow was established,and EDEM software was used to simulate the axial mass distribution of corn kernel in the threshing device by column-toothed-plate-tooth drum. In addition,the bench experiment result and simulation experiment result were analyzed by variance. The results showed that,the correlation coefficient was 0. 491 and the corrected correlation coefficient was0. 865. There was no significant difference between the simulation experiment and bench experiment of axial mass distribution curves of corn kernel. The reliability and validity of discrete element simulation of corn threshing process were verified. Then,the distance and stress change of single corn kernel in the direction of X,Y and Z during the threshing drum movement were analyzed. The results of analysis indicate that,the maximum instantaneous velocity of corn kernel was 9. 964 m·s~(-1) and-11. 947 m·s~(-1) in the X direction,and 13. 051 m·s~(-1) and-6. 104 m·s~(-1) in the Y direction. The maximum force in positive X was 18. 7 N,in negative Y was 92. 5 N. The Z-axis has forces in both positive and negative directions,the maximum positive force was 22. 0 N,which illustrated that the cylinder of columnplate-tooth horizontal axis flow could provide striking force in both positive and negative directions of X and Y,and pushed forward corn seeds in Z direction. Due to the role of baffle,the movement of corn seeds in Region B is hindered,which was conducive to complete threshing and rapid discharge of corn kernel in Region B to avoid crushing.
引文
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[13]王立军,李洋,梁昌,等.贯流风筛清选装置内玉米脱出物运动规律研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(9):122-127.
[14]杨立权,王万章,张红梅,等.切流-横轴流玉米脱粒系统改进设计及台架试验[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(1):35-43.
[15]王美美,王万章,杨立权,等.基于EDEM的玉米子粒建模方法的研究[J].河南农业大学学报,2018,52(1):80-84.
[16]王美美,王万章,杨立权,等.基于响应面法的玉米籽粒离散元参数标定[J].华南农业大学学报,2018,39(3):111-117.
[17]侯明涛,张红梅,王万章,等.玉米籽粒物理机械特性及机械化收获适应性[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(7):354-357.
[18] JB/T 9778. 2—1999,纹杆式脱粒滚筒型式尺寸和技术要求[S]. 1999.
[19]周文秀.玉米籽粒的物理力学特性研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2015.
[20] DAI F,ZHAO W Y,HAN Z S,et al. Experiment on poisson’s ratio determination about corn kernel[J].Advanced Materials Research,2013,781:799-802.
[21] KUN M B,YAL N B,ZARSLAN C. Physical properties of sweet corn seed[J]. Journal of Food Engineering,2006,74(4):523-528.
[2]赵学观,李飞,邵志刚,等.复式双滚筒种子玉米脱粒机的研制[J].农业科技与装备,2012(4):13-16.
[3]张洪军,王凤娟,姬晓东.螺旋钉齿式滚筒转速对玉米脱粒效果的影响分析[J].机械设计与制造,2016(3):58-60.
[4]于亚军.基于三维离散元法的玉米脱粒过程分析方法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2013.
[5]李清龙.打击式玉米脱粒机脱粒过程试验研究及仿真分析[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.
[6]陈晓霞.三维离散元法玉米果穗脱粒过程仿真软件的改进研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.
[7]马俊.玉米果穗物理力学性质分析及脱粒过程仿真研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2015.
[8] MIU P I,KUTZBACH H D. Modeling and simulation of grain threshing and separation in threshing units:Part I[J]Biosystems Engineering,2003,84(2):177-191.
[9] PETRE I M,HEINZ D K. Modeling and simulation of grain threshing and separation in threshing units:Part I[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2008,60(1):96-104.
[10] PETRE I M,HEINZ D K. Modeling and simulation of grain threshing and separation in axial threshing units:Part II[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture.2008,60(1):105-109.
[11]于建群,付宏,周海玲,等.基于离散元法的玉米脱粒过程分析方法:吉林,ZL201110293826. 8[P]. 2012-04-18.
[12]付宏,王常瑞,靳聪,等.农机部件数字化设计软件平台Agri DEM开发[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(7):1-9.
[13]王立军,李洋,梁昌,等.贯流风筛清选装置内玉米脱出物运动规律研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(9):122-127.
[14]杨立权,王万章,张红梅,等.切流-横轴流玉米脱粒系统改进设计及台架试验[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(1):35-43.
[15]王美美,王万章,杨立权,等.基于EDEM的玉米子粒建模方法的研究[J].河南农业大学学报,2018,52(1):80-84.
[16]王美美,王万章,杨立权,等.基于响应面法的玉米籽粒离散元参数标定[J].华南农业大学学报,2018,39(3):111-117.
[17]侯明涛,张红梅,王万章,等.玉米籽粒物理机械特性及机械化收获适应性[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(7):354-357.
[18] JB/T 9778. 2—1999,纹杆式脱粒滚筒型式尺寸和技术要求[S]. 1999.
[19]周文秀.玉米籽粒的物理力学特性研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2015.
[20] DAI F,ZHAO W Y,HAN Z S,et al. Experiment on poisson’s ratio determination about corn kernel[J].Advanced Materials Research,2013,781:799-802.
[21] KUN M B,YAL N B,ZARSLAN C. Physical properties of sweet corn seed[J]. Journal of Food Engineering,2006,74(4):523-528.
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