水稻重组自交系群体农艺性状遗传变异及产量分析
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摘要
为了解水稻主要农艺性状的遗传变异,揭示水稻在生长过程中不同性状间的相互作用及农艺性状对产量的影响,以昌恢121与9311为亲本构建的重组自交系(RIL)为材料,对其株高、生育期、有效穗数、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、结实率、剑叶长、剑叶宽和单株产量等11个重要农艺性状进行了调查,采用简单相关分析、偏相关分析、多元逐步回归分析、主成分分析及通径分析等方法对11个重要农艺性状进行整理分析。结果表明在203个重组自交系群体中,上述的11个性状呈连续性变异,符合正态分布,且存在一定的双向超亲分离,表现出数量性状的特征,符合进行QTL定位分析的标准;水稻不同农艺性状间表现为一定的相关性,其中多种方法分析表明影响水稻产量的较大因素为有效穗数、千粒质量和每穗实粒数,因此在育种过程中要注重这三者的协调,同时要保证库源供给充分,以达到高产的目标。本研究初步探讨了水稻重组自交系的主要农艺性状及与产量的关系,为江西生态环境内水稻高产育种早期选择,高产品种特征提供了理论参考,有助于育种效率的提高。
In order to study the genetic variation of main agronomic traits in rice,to reveal the interaction and influence mechanism of different traits in the growth of rice,a recombinant inbred line was constructed,which derived from two parents hybridization of Changhui 121 and 9311.The genetic variation of 11 agronomic traits,such as plant height,effective panicle number,total grain per panicle,grain number per panicle,seed setting rate,flag leaf length and flag leaf width were investigated,and a correlation analysis was carried out by simple correlation,partial correlation analysis,multiple stepwise regression analysis and path analysis.The results showed that the above traits of 203 recombinant inbred lines showed a continuous variation,the distribution frequency accorded with normal distribution,and there was obvious two-way super-parent separation,showing the characteristics of quantitative traits,which was consistent with the criteria for QTL mapping analysis. There were certain correlations among different agronomic traits in rice. Many analysis indicated that the larger factors affecting rice yield were effective panicle number,1 000-grain weight and grain number per panicle.What's more,more attention should be paid to the coordination of these three factors in the breeding process.And it is necessary to ensure the supply of the reservoir source to achieve the goal of high yield.This study preliminarily has explored the main agronomic traits of rice recombinant inbred lines and their relationship with yield,which provides a theoretical reference for the early selection of high-yield rice breeding in Jiangxi ecological environment and the characteristics of high product species,which will contribute to the improvement of breeding efficiency.
In order to study the genetic variation of main agronomic traits in rice,to reveal the interaction and influence mechanism of different traits in the growth of rice,a recombinant inbred line was constructed,which derived from two parents hybridization of Changhui 121 and 9311.The genetic variation of 11 agronomic traits,such as plant height,effective panicle number,total grain per panicle,grain number per panicle,seed setting rate,flag leaf length and flag leaf width were investigated,and a correlation analysis was carried out by simple correlation,partial correlation analysis,multiple stepwise regression analysis and path analysis.The results showed that the above traits of 203 recombinant inbred lines showed a continuous variation,the distribution frequency accorded with normal distribution,and there was obvious two-way super-parent separation,showing the characteristics of quantitative traits,which was consistent with the criteria for QTL mapping analysis. There were certain correlations among different agronomic traits in rice. Many analysis indicated that the larger factors affecting rice yield were effective panicle number,1 000-grain weight and grain number per panicle.What's more,more attention should be paid to the coordination of these three factors in the breeding process.And it is necessary to ensure the supply of the reservoir source to achieve the goal of high yield.This study preliminarily has explored the main agronomic traits of rice recombinant inbred lines and their relationship with yield,which provides a theoretical reference for the early selection of high-yield rice breeding in Jiangxi ecological environment and the characteristics of high product species,which will contribute to the improvement of breeding efficiency.
引文
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[26]李清超,梁黔云,文琼,等.基于玉米重组自交系生育期的相关性状分析[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(33):112-117.Li Q Z,Liang Q Y,Wen Q,et al.Analysis of flowering-related traits in Maize(Zea mays L.)using RIL population[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2013,29(33):112-117.
[27]肖应辉,余铁桥,唐湘如.大穗型水稻单株产量构成研究[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),1998,24(6):428-431.Xiao Y H,Yu T Q,Tang X R.Study on yield components of large panicle type rice[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),1998,24(6):428-431.
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[2]赖上坤,陈春,赖尚科,等.水稻主要农艺性状和抗倒性的基因型差异及其相互关系[J].核农学报,2018,32(7):1256-1266.Lai S K,Chen C,Lai S K,et al.Genotypic differences and correlations between rice main agronomic traits and lodging resistance[J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2018,32(7):1256-1266.
[3]石桓,余秋英,贺浩华,等.江西晚稻超级稻穗、叶性状特征及其相互关系[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(2):260-265.Shi H,Yu Q Y,He H H,et al.Correlation of panicle with flag leaf related traits in Jiangxi late-season Indica super rice[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2013,35(2):260-265.
[4]魏彦林,施勇烽,吴建利.水稻核基因控制的叶色变异[J].核农学报,2011,25(6):1169-1178.Wei Y L,Shi Y F,Wu J L.Rice(Oryza sativa L.)leaf color mutants[J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2011,25(6):1169-1178.
[5]李扬汉.禾本科作物的形态与解剖[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.Li Y H.Morphology and anatomy of Gramineae crops[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1979.
[6]武玲,向珣朝,杨博文,等.水稻籼爪交重组自交系穗部性状变异分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(10):26-35.Wu L,Xiang X C,Yang B W,et al.Analysis on the panicle traits variation of recombinant inbred lines derived from the hybridization of Indica and Javanica[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2017,22(10):26-35.
[7]Uga Y,Fukuta Y,Cai HW,et al.Mapping QTLs influencing rice floral morphology using recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Oryza sativa L. and Oryza rufipogon Griff[J].Theoretical&Applied Genetics,2003,107(3):218-226.
[8]陈燕华.水稻抗纹枯病性遗传分析与主要性状QTL定位[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.Chen Y H.Genetic analysis of resistance to sheath blight and QTL mapping of major characters in rice[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2013.
[9]谭可菲.黑龙江水稻主要农艺性状与产量的灰色关联度分析[J].北方水稻,2016,46(1):19-21.Tan K F.The correlation analysis between main agronomic characters and yield of rice in Hei longjiang province[J].North Rice,2016,46(1):19-21.
[10]韩锋,徐娟.水稻种质资源主要农艺性状遗传多样性及多元分析[J].北方水稻,2017,47(4):6-8.Han F,Xu J.The genetic diversity and multi-analysis on the main agronomic traits of rice germplasm resources[J].North Rice,2017,47(4):6-8.
[11]梁世胡,李传国.杂交水稻产量构成因素的通径分析[J].广东农业科学,1999(6):4-6.Liang S H,Li C G.Path analysis of yield components of hybrid Rice[J].Guangdong Agricultural Science,1999(6):4-6.
[12]袁伟玲,曹凑贵,程建平.水稻产量性状相关性及通径分析[J].北方水稻,2005(4):6-8.Yuan W L,Cao C G,Cheng J P.Correlation and path analysis of rice yield[J].Traits North Rice,2005(4):6-8.
[13]袁隆平.杂交水稻超高产育种[J].杂交水稻,1997(6):1-6.Yuan L P.Hybrid rice super-high yield breeding[J].Hybrid Rice,1997(6):1-6.
[14]刘伟,张荣昌,付久才,等.黑龙江省水稻种质资源农艺性状与产量关系的分析[J].中国稻米,2016(3):39-42.Liu L,Zhang R C,Fu J C,et al.Relationship analysis between agronomic characteristics and yield of rice germplasm resources in Hei Longjiang Province[J].China Rice,2016(3):39-42.
[15]肖佳雷,辛爱华,张国民,等.黑龙江省水稻种质资源农艺性状鉴定与筛选[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(1):252-255.Xiao J L,Xin A H,Zhang G M,et al.Precision identification and screening for agriculture characters of rice germplasm of Heilongjiang[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(1):252-255.
[16]贺浩华,傅军如,朱昌兰,等.香型超级杂交稻新组合淦鑫688[J].杂交水稻,2008,23(3):80-82.He H H,Fu J R,Zhu C L,et al.Ganxin 688,a new quasi-aromatic super hybrid rice combination[J].Hybrid Rice,2008,23(3):80-82.
[17]陈家润.水稻品种试验田间记载及室内考种项目与标准[J].湖北农业科学,1957(2):146-148.Chen J R.Field trials and laboratory test items and standards for rice varieties[J].Hunan Agricultural Sciences,1957(2):146-148.
[18]廖伏明,盛孝邦,籼型三系杂交水稻主要农艺性状配合力研究[J].作物学报,1999,25(5):622-631.Liao F M,Sheng X B.Studies on combining ability of major agronomic characters in three-line Indica hybrid rice[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,1999,25(5):622-631.
[19]徐云碧,申宗坦.早籼稻产量构成性状的遗传分析[J].浙江农业学报,1991(2):49-54.Xu Y B,Shen Z T.Genetic analysis of yield components in early season indica rice[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,1991(2):49-54.
[20]潘晓飚,何道根,屈为栋.杂交早稻不同组合主要农艺性状的分析及高产育种途径探讨[J].浙江农业学报,1998(2):57-61.Pan X B,He D G,Qu W D.Analysis on the main agronomic characters and discussion on high yield breeding of early Indica hybrid rice[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,1998(2):57-61.
[21]石春海,朱军.籼稻稻米外观品质与其它品质性状的相关性分析[J].浙江农业大学学报,1994(6):606-610.Shi C H,Zhu J.Correlation analysis of rice exterior quality traits and other traits in Indica rice[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural University,1994(6):606-610.
[22]郭龙彪,罗利军.汕优63重组自交系群体重要农艺性状遗传分析和利用[J].作物学报,2002,28(5):644-649.Guo L B,Luo L J.Genetic analysis and utilization of the important agronomic traits on Zhenshan 97×Minghui 63 recombinant inbred lines(RIL)in rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2002,28(5):644-649.
[23]吴斌,马静,安永平,等.水稻新品种宁粳41号的产量构成因素分析[J].中国种业,2011(4):41-43.Wu B,Ma J,An Y P,et al.Analysis of yield components of new rice variety Ninggeng 41[J].China Seed Industry,2011(4):41-43.
[24]刘贺梅,孙建权,王书玉,等.水稻新品种新稻18号的产量构成因素分析[J].中国种业,2008(11):28-29.Liu H M,Sun J Q,Wang S Y,et al.Analysis of yield components of new rice variety Xindao 18[J].China Seed Industry,2008(11):28-29.
[25]赖瑞强,李荣华,夏岩石,等.基于重组自交系群体的烟草农艺性状遗传变异分析[J].分子植物育种,2018(11):3732-3739.Lai R Q,Li R H,Xia Y S,et al.Genetic variation analysis of tobacco agronomic traits based on recombinant inbred lines[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,2018(11):3732-3739.
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