新疆维吾尔自治区北疆地区马铃薯真菌病害发生情况分析
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摘要
为明确新疆维吾尔自治区北疆马铃薯主产区真菌病害的种类及其发生特点,2014～2017年对马铃薯主产区真菌病害发生及流行情况进行调查,为开展关键有效的病害防治措施提供科学理论参考。调查表明,北疆有9种马铃薯真菌性病害,主要有早疫病、晚疫病、黑痣病、干腐病。病害的发生时间与严重程度取决于当地气候条件、品种特性和播期;主要病害因不同地区、年份、品种、栽培模式发生情况有差异;马铃薯黑痣病、黄萎病等土传病害日益严重,需引起足够重视。
Investigations on the occurrence and prevalence of fungous disease of potato in main potato production areas from 2014 to 2017 were conducted in order to clarify the fungous diseases and occurrence characteristics in main potato producing areas in northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, so as to provide scientific and theoretical references for carrying out key and effective disease prevention measures. There were nine potato fungous diseases in northern Xinjiang, mainly including potato early blight, potato late blight, potato black scurf, and potato dry rot. The occurrence time and severity of the diseases were determined by local climate conditions, variety characteristics and the sowing time. The main diseases varied with different regions, years, varieties and cultivation patterns. The occurrence of soil-borne diseases,such as potato black scurf and Verticillium wilt, was increasingly serious, which should be paid enough attention.
Investigations on the occurrence and prevalence of fungous disease of potato in main potato production areas from 2014 to 2017 were conducted in order to clarify the fungous diseases and occurrence characteristics in main potato producing areas in northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, so as to provide scientific and theoretical references for carrying out key and effective disease prevention measures. There were nine potato fungous diseases in northern Xinjiang, mainly including potato early blight, potato late blight, potato black scurf, and potato dry rot. The occurrence time and severity of the diseases were determined by local climate conditions, variety characteristics and the sowing time. The main diseases varied with different regions, years, varieties and cultivation patterns. The occurrence of soil-borne diseases,such as potato black scurf and Verticillium wilt, was increasingly serious, which should be paid enough attention.
引文
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[9]蒲宗朝,张山清,徐文修,等.气候变化对伊犁河谷冬小麦产量的影响[J].中国农学通报, 2014, 30(15):173-182.
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[13]黄冲,刘万才.近年我国马铃薯病虫害发生特点与监控对策[J].中国植保导刊, 2016, 36(6):48-52.
[2]帕尔哈提,马合木提,阿布都沙拉木,等.新疆耕地利用与保护分析[J].新疆农业科学, 2004, 41(4):255-258.
[3]冯怀章,罗正乾,吴燕,等.新疆不同生态区域马铃薯产业发展现状、存在问题及建议[C]//屈冬玉,陈伊里.马铃薯产业与中国式主食.哈尔滨:哈尔滨地图出版社, 2016:91-96.
[4]彭学文,朱杰华.河北省马铃薯真菌性病害种类及分布[J].中国马铃薯, 2008, 22(1):31-33.
[5]王丽丽,日孜旺古丽·苏皮,李克梅,等.乌昌地区马铃薯真菌性病害种类及5种新记录[J].新疆农业科学, 2011, 48(2):266-270.
[6]吴石平,何永福,杨学辉,等.贵州马铃薯病害调查研究[J].农学学报, 2012, 2(6):31-34.
[7]王丽丽,符桂华,马金贵,等.乌昌地区马铃薯黄萎病菌分离与鉴定[J].新疆农业科学, 2014, 51(4):667-672.
[8]赵中华,朱杰华,朱晓明,等.马铃薯晚疫病发生特点与防治对策[J].中国植保导刊, 2012, 32(4):16-17.
[9]蒲宗朝,张山清,徐文修,等.气候变化对伊犁河谷冬小麦产量的影响[J].中国农学通报, 2014, 30(15):173-182.
[10] Cooke D E L, Lees A K, Shaw D S, et al. Survey of GB blight populations[C]//Tenth Workshop of an European Network for Development of an Integrated Control Strategy of Potato Late Blight, Bologna, 2007.
[11] Li Y, van der Lee T, Zhu J H, et al. Population structure of Phytophthora infestans in China-geographic clusters and presence of the EU genotype Blue_13[J]. Plant Pathology, 2013,62(4):32-42.
[12]周阳,赵中华,杨普云,等.近年马铃薯晚疫病发生特点与防控对策[J].中国植保导刊, 2014, 34(6):63-66.
[13]黄冲,刘万才.近年我国马铃薯病虫害发生特点与监控对策[J].中国植保导刊, 2016, 36(6):48-52.
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