耧斗菜属植物杂交育种和性状遗传分析
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摘要
耧斗菜属(Aquilegia)植物资源丰富,分布范围广,生境条件变化较大,实验可操作性强,是杂交育种及遗传学研究很好的试验材料。本研究结合中国耧斗菜属资源情况和园林绿化现状,采用常规杂交育种方法,设计正反交试验和大量的杂交组合的选配,以期对中国耧斗菜从花径、株高、花色等方面对现有种质进行遗传改良。结果表明,杂交后代的花径和株高具有广泛而明显的遗传变异,为耧斗菜的遗传改良创造了丰富的变异来源。通过对F2代进行遗传分析,得出耧斗菜花径遗传力为76.784%,株高遗传力为54.604%。经过比较发现,耧斗菜不同杂交组合间,均表现为花径的遗传力较高,株高的遗传力较低的趋势。花色中蓝色花遗传力最强,白色花的遗传力最低。
The genus Aquilegia which are abundant in germplasm resources provide good experimental materials for hybrid breeding and genetics research due to its wide distribution, a large variation of habitat conditions and strong experimental feasibility. In this study, conventional cross-breeding methods were adopted in combination with the resources and landscaping situation of the genus Aquilegia in China. The experiments of cross and back cross were designed and numbers of cross combinations were chosen to conduct genetic improvement on existing germplasm of Chinese Aquilegia from plant height, flower diameter, flower color, etc.. The results showed that there were wide and significant genetic variation within and between different cross of flower diameter and height,which created abundant source of variation for Aquilegia genetic improvement. Through the genetic analysis of F2 generation, the heritability of Aquilegia flower diameter was 76.784%, and the heritability of the plant height was54.604%. After comparison, it was found that the heritability of the flower diameter was relative high and the heritability of the plant height was relative low among different cross combinations of Aquilegia. The blue flowers had the highest heritability while the white flowers had the lowest heritability among flower colors.
The genus Aquilegia which are abundant in germplasm resources provide good experimental materials for hybrid breeding and genetics research due to its wide distribution, a large variation of habitat conditions and strong experimental feasibility. In this study, conventional cross-breeding methods were adopted in combination with the resources and landscaping situation of the genus Aquilegia in China. The experiments of cross and back cross were designed and numbers of cross combinations were chosen to conduct genetic improvement on existing germplasm of Chinese Aquilegia from plant height, flower diameter, flower color, etc.. The results showed that there were wide and significant genetic variation within and between different cross of flower diameter and height,which created abundant source of variation for Aquilegia genetic improvement. Through the genetic analysis of F2 generation, the heritability of Aquilegia flower diameter was 76.784%, and the heritability of the plant height was54.604%. After comparison, it was found that the heritability of the flower diameter was relative high and the heritability of the plant height was relative low among different cross combinations of Aquilegia. The blue flowers had the highest heritability while the white flowers had the lowest heritability among flower colors.
引文
Ballerini E.S.,and Kramer E.M.,2011,Environmental and molecular analysis of the floral transition in the lower eudicot Aquilegia formosa,Evo.Devo.,2(1):4
Chen F.,2011,Influence on cold resistance on the contents of the dissociative praline and the dissoluble albumen of Aquilegia vulgaris,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(5):29-31(陈菲,2011,低温胁迫对耧斗菜脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量的影响,北方园艺,(5):29-31)
Du Y.,2016,The tissue culture of Aquilegia,Shanxi Nongye Kexue(Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences),44(12):1776-1779(杜艳,2016,耧斗菜的组织培养,山西农业科学,44(12):1776-1779)
Du Y.,Wang J.,Chen C.,and Duan S.S.,2017a,Genetic diversity of wild resources of Aquilegia based on AFLP analysis,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(5):85-88(杜艳,王娟,陈冲,段莎莎,2017a,耧斗菜野生资源的AFLP遗传多样性分析,北方园艺,(5):85-88)
Du Y.,Wang J.,Chen C.,and Wei T.Z.,2017b,Effect of drought stress on seed germination of two different genotypes Aquilegia vulgaris,Heilongjiang Nongye Kexue(Heilongjiang A-gricultural Sciences),(1):61-64(杜艳,王娟,陈冲,韦廷舟,2017b,干旱胁迫对两种不同基因型耧斗菜种子萌发特性的影响,黑龙江农业科学,(1):61-64)
Fan J.,Huang M.Y.,Wu M.M.,Ye H.,and Zhang X.Y.,2016,Comparison of molecular characteristics,phylogeny and structure of three camellia F3H genes,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingy ong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(5):1195-1205(范晶,黄明远,吴苗苗,叶红,张西玉,2016,山茶属三个F3H基因的分子特性,系统进化及蛋白结构差异分析,基因组学与应用生物学,35(5):1195-1205)
Fang Z.W.,Liu J.B.,Wang B.X.,Chi M.,Song Z.Q.,Li J.,Yang B.,Lu B.G.,Liu Y.,Zhou Z.L.,Qin D.R.,and Xu D.Y.,2016,Research on inheritance of plant height,panicle length and number of spikelets per panicle in indica rice(Oryza sativa),Jiangxi Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi),28(5):14-19(方兆伟,刘金波,王宝祥,迟铭,宋兆强,李健,杨波,卢百关,刘艳,周振玲,秦德荣,徐大勇,2016,水稻株高,穗长和每穗颖花数的遗传研究,江西农业学报,28(5):14-19)
Garrido J.L.,Alcántara J.M.,Rey P.J.,Medrano M.,Guitián J.,Castellanos M.C.,Bastida J.M.,Jaime R.,and Herrera C.M.,2017,Geographic genetic structure of Iberian columbines(gen.Aquilegia),Plant Syst.Evol.,303(9):1145-1160
He J.Z.,Huang C.Y.,Deng J.L.,Yan H.X.,Wang X.G.,Man R.J.,and Bu Z.Y.,2016,Correlation and path analysis of flower diameter with other quantitative characters in Phalaenopsis,Xinan Nongye X uebao(Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences),29(8):1967-1972(何荆洲,黄昌艳,邓杰玲,闫海霞,王晓国,满若君,卜朝阳,2016,蝴蝶兰花径与其他重要数量性状的相关及通径分析,西南农业学报,29(8):1967-1972)
Hodges S.A.,and Arnold M.L.,1995,Spurring plant diversification:are floral nectar spurs a key innovation?P.Roy.Soc.B-Biol.Sci.,262(1365):343-348
Hodges S.A.,and Derieg N.J.,2009,Adaptive radiations:from field to genomic studies,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,106(6):9947-9954
Li L.F.,Wang H.Y.,Pang D.,Liu Y.,Liu B.,and Xiao H.X.,2014,Phenotypic and genetic evidence for ecological speciation of Aquilegia japonica and A.oxysepala,New Phytol.,204(4):1028-1040
Li S.,Yuan X.N.,Hou F.F.,Guan Q.,Yu J.J.,Kang X.P.,and Xing G.M.,2015,The introduction,domestication and drought tolerance assessment of Aquilegia yabeana Kitag,Hebei Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei),38(2):48-52(李森,袁晓娜,侯非凡,管强,余俊娇,亢秀萍,邢国明,2015,华北耧斗菜(Aquilegia yabeana Kitag)的引种驯化及耐旱性评价,河北农业大学学报,38(2):48-52)
Li S.Q.,Zhu Y.P.,Liu H.L.,Li S.J.,Liu S.P.,Zhang H.Y.,and Gao W.,2017,Plant height simulation model and growth visualization of reviving winter wheat,Fujian Nongye Xuebao(Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences),32(6):670-675(李书钦,诸叶平,刘海龙,李世娟,刘升平,张红英,高伟,2017,冬小麦返青后株高模拟模型及生长可视化研究,福建农业学报,32(6):670-675)
Medrano M.,Castellanos M.C.,and Herrera C.M.,2006,Comparative floral and vegetative differentiation between two European Aquilegia taxa along a narrow a contact zone,Plant Syst.Evol.,262(3-4):209-224
Nold R.,ed.,2003,Columbines:Aquilegia,Paraaquilegia,and Semiaquilegia,Timber Press,Cambridge,United Kingdom,pp.13-18
Pang D.,Shi F.X.,Li Z.R.,Cui N.,Sun M.Z.,Li L.F.,and Xiao H.X.,2012,The pollination system and genetic structure of Aquilegia oxysepala Traytv.et C.A.MEY.,Dongbei Shida Xuebao(Journal of Northeast Normal University),44(1):132-135(庞迪,史凤雪,李志瑞,崔娜,孙明洲,李霖锋,肖洪兴,2012,尖萼耧斗菜的传粉机制与遗传结构,东北师大学报,44(1):132-135)
Wan K.,Jiang C.X.,Liu Z.X.,Fu Y.S.,Zhu Y.L.,Chen W.Y.,and Qiu L.J.,2009,Mapping QTL associated with plant height in soybean(Glycine max),Dadou Kexue(Soybean Science),28(5):791-794(万昆,姜成喜,刘章雄,付亚书,朱友林,陈维元,邱丽娟,2009,大豆株高QTL定位研究,大豆科学,28(5):791-794)
Whittall J.B.,and Hodges S.A.,2007,Pollinator shfits drive increasingly long nectar spurs in columbine flowers,Nature,447(7145):706-709
Whittall J.B.,Voelckel C.,Kliebenstein D.J.,and Hodges S.A.,2006,Convergence,constraint,and the role of gene expression during adaptive radiation:floral anthocyanins in Aquilegia,Mol.Ecol.,15(14):4645-4657
Yan H.,Liu B.Q.,and Wang B.,2009,Inheritance of plant height and its correlation with internode length in dwarf soybean,Dadou Kexue(Soybean Science),28(4):595-599(闫昊,刘宝泉,王博,2009,矮秆大豆株高遗传及主茎节间长度相关分析,大豆科学,28(4):595-599)
Yang Y.,and Kang X.P.,2015,Preliminary study of the flower bud differentiation and development of the Aquilegia L.,Shanxi Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University),35(5):474-477(杨阳,亢秀萍,2015,耧斗菜花芽分化及发育的初步研究,山西农业大学学报,35(5):474-477)
Zhang H.L.,Wang T.,Cui R.F.,Dong A.X.,Xin H.B.,and Yi M.F.,2015,Classification and gene expression analysis of HS-Fs from Aquilegia coerulea and sub-cellular localization of Ay HSF1,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),42(8):1533-1541(张华丽,王涛,崔荣峰,董爱香,辛海波,义鸣放,2015,耧斗菜HSF分类,表达分析及Ay HSF1的亚细胞定位,园艺学报,42(8):1533-1541)
Zhu R.R.,Gao Y.K.,and Zhang Q.X.,2010,The speciation and genetics of Aquilegia,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),8(4):784-789(朱蕊蕊,高亦珂,张启翔,2010,耧斗菜属的物种进化与遗传学,分子植物育种,8(4):784-789)
Zhu R.R.,Gao Y.K.,and Zhang Q.X.,2011,Genetic diversity of Aquilegia species and cultivars assessed by AFLPs,Genet.Mol.Res.,10(2):817-827
Chen F.,2011,Influence on cold resistance on the contents of the dissociative praline and the dissoluble albumen of Aquilegia vulgaris,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(5):29-31(陈菲,2011,低温胁迫对耧斗菜脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量的影响,北方园艺,(5):29-31)
Du Y.,2016,The tissue culture of Aquilegia,Shanxi Nongye Kexue(Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences),44(12):1776-1779(杜艳,2016,耧斗菜的组织培养,山西农业科学,44(12):1776-1779)
Du Y.,Wang J.,Chen C.,and Duan S.S.,2017a,Genetic diversity of wild resources of Aquilegia based on AFLP analysis,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(5):85-88(杜艳,王娟,陈冲,段莎莎,2017a,耧斗菜野生资源的AFLP遗传多样性分析,北方园艺,(5):85-88)
Du Y.,Wang J.,Chen C.,and Wei T.Z.,2017b,Effect of drought stress on seed germination of two different genotypes Aquilegia vulgaris,Heilongjiang Nongye Kexue(Heilongjiang A-gricultural Sciences),(1):61-64(杜艳,王娟,陈冲,韦廷舟,2017b,干旱胁迫对两种不同基因型耧斗菜种子萌发特性的影响,黑龙江农业科学,(1):61-64)
Fan J.,Huang M.Y.,Wu M.M.,Ye H.,and Zhang X.Y.,2016,Comparison of molecular characteristics,phylogeny and structure of three camellia F3H genes,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingy ong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(5):1195-1205(范晶,黄明远,吴苗苗,叶红,张西玉,2016,山茶属三个F3H基因的分子特性,系统进化及蛋白结构差异分析,基因组学与应用生物学,35(5):1195-1205)
Fang Z.W.,Liu J.B.,Wang B.X.,Chi M.,Song Z.Q.,Li J.,Yang B.,Lu B.G.,Liu Y.,Zhou Z.L.,Qin D.R.,and Xu D.Y.,2016,Research on inheritance of plant height,panicle length and number of spikelets per panicle in indica rice(Oryza sativa),Jiangxi Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi),28(5):14-19(方兆伟,刘金波,王宝祥,迟铭,宋兆强,李健,杨波,卢百关,刘艳,周振玲,秦德荣,徐大勇,2016,水稻株高,穗长和每穗颖花数的遗传研究,江西农业学报,28(5):14-19)
Garrido J.L.,Alcántara J.M.,Rey P.J.,Medrano M.,Guitián J.,Castellanos M.C.,Bastida J.M.,Jaime R.,and Herrera C.M.,2017,Geographic genetic structure of Iberian columbines(gen.Aquilegia),Plant Syst.Evol.,303(9):1145-1160
He J.Z.,Huang C.Y.,Deng J.L.,Yan H.X.,Wang X.G.,Man R.J.,and Bu Z.Y.,2016,Correlation and path analysis of flower diameter with other quantitative characters in Phalaenopsis,Xinan Nongye X uebao(Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences),29(8):1967-1972(何荆洲,黄昌艳,邓杰玲,闫海霞,王晓国,满若君,卜朝阳,2016,蝴蝶兰花径与其他重要数量性状的相关及通径分析,西南农业学报,29(8):1967-1972)
Hodges S.A.,and Arnold M.L.,1995,Spurring plant diversification:are floral nectar spurs a key innovation?P.Roy.Soc.B-Biol.Sci.,262(1365):343-348
Hodges S.A.,and Derieg N.J.,2009,Adaptive radiations:from field to genomic studies,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,106(6):9947-9954
Li L.F.,Wang H.Y.,Pang D.,Liu Y.,Liu B.,and Xiao H.X.,2014,Phenotypic and genetic evidence for ecological speciation of Aquilegia japonica and A.oxysepala,New Phytol.,204(4):1028-1040
Li S.,Yuan X.N.,Hou F.F.,Guan Q.,Yu J.J.,Kang X.P.,and Xing G.M.,2015,The introduction,domestication and drought tolerance assessment of Aquilegia yabeana Kitag,Hebei Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei),38(2):48-52(李森,袁晓娜,侯非凡,管强,余俊娇,亢秀萍,邢国明,2015,华北耧斗菜(Aquilegia yabeana Kitag)的引种驯化及耐旱性评价,河北农业大学学报,38(2):48-52)
Li S.Q.,Zhu Y.P.,Liu H.L.,Li S.J.,Liu S.P.,Zhang H.Y.,and Gao W.,2017,Plant height simulation model and growth visualization of reviving winter wheat,Fujian Nongye Xuebao(Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences),32(6):670-675(李书钦,诸叶平,刘海龙,李世娟,刘升平,张红英,高伟,2017,冬小麦返青后株高模拟模型及生长可视化研究,福建农业学报,32(6):670-675)
Medrano M.,Castellanos M.C.,and Herrera C.M.,2006,Comparative floral and vegetative differentiation between two European Aquilegia taxa along a narrow a contact zone,Plant Syst.Evol.,262(3-4):209-224
Nold R.,ed.,2003,Columbines:Aquilegia,Paraaquilegia,and Semiaquilegia,Timber Press,Cambridge,United Kingdom,pp.13-18
Pang D.,Shi F.X.,Li Z.R.,Cui N.,Sun M.Z.,Li L.F.,and Xiao H.X.,2012,The pollination system and genetic structure of Aquilegia oxysepala Traytv.et C.A.MEY.,Dongbei Shida Xuebao(Journal of Northeast Normal University),44(1):132-135(庞迪,史凤雪,李志瑞,崔娜,孙明洲,李霖锋,肖洪兴,2012,尖萼耧斗菜的传粉机制与遗传结构,东北师大学报,44(1):132-135)
Wan K.,Jiang C.X.,Liu Z.X.,Fu Y.S.,Zhu Y.L.,Chen W.Y.,and Qiu L.J.,2009,Mapping QTL associated with plant height in soybean(Glycine max),Dadou Kexue(Soybean Science),28(5):791-794(万昆,姜成喜,刘章雄,付亚书,朱友林,陈维元,邱丽娟,2009,大豆株高QTL定位研究,大豆科学,28(5):791-794)
Whittall J.B.,and Hodges S.A.,2007,Pollinator shfits drive increasingly long nectar spurs in columbine flowers,Nature,447(7145):706-709
Whittall J.B.,Voelckel C.,Kliebenstein D.J.,and Hodges S.A.,2006,Convergence,constraint,and the role of gene expression during adaptive radiation:floral anthocyanins in Aquilegia,Mol.Ecol.,15(14):4645-4657
Yan H.,Liu B.Q.,and Wang B.,2009,Inheritance of plant height and its correlation with internode length in dwarf soybean,Dadou Kexue(Soybean Science),28(4):595-599(闫昊,刘宝泉,王博,2009,矮秆大豆株高遗传及主茎节间长度相关分析,大豆科学,28(4):595-599)
Yang Y.,and Kang X.P.,2015,Preliminary study of the flower bud differentiation and development of the Aquilegia L.,Shanxi Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University),35(5):474-477(杨阳,亢秀萍,2015,耧斗菜花芽分化及发育的初步研究,山西农业大学学报,35(5):474-477)
Zhang H.L.,Wang T.,Cui R.F.,Dong A.X.,Xin H.B.,and Yi M.F.,2015,Classification and gene expression analysis of HS-Fs from Aquilegia coerulea and sub-cellular localization of Ay HSF1,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),42(8):1533-1541(张华丽,王涛,崔荣峰,董爱香,辛海波,义鸣放,2015,耧斗菜HSF分类,表达分析及Ay HSF1的亚细胞定位,园艺学报,42(8):1533-1541)
Zhu R.R.,Gao Y.K.,and Zhang Q.X.,2010,The speciation and genetics of Aquilegia,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),8(4):784-789(朱蕊蕊,高亦珂,张启翔,2010,耧斗菜属的物种进化与遗传学,分子植物育种,8(4):784-789)
Zhu R.R.,Gao Y.K.,and Zhang Q.X.,2011,Genetic diversity of Aquilegia species and cultivars assessed by AFLPs,Genet.Mol.Res.,10(2):817-827
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