不同混生地被竹生物量分配与积累特征研究
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摘要
为阐明不同竹种生产力和种群更新能力差异,选取9种混生地被竹种进行竹苗盆栽试验,分析2个生长周期内各竹种竹苗生物量分配与积累规律,为优良混生地被竹经营管理和推广应用提供参考。结果表明:1)各竹种第1年竹根生物量,第2年竹鞭、竹根、竹叶生物量显著影响了竹种总生物量积累率(P<0.05);2)以5～6 cm长育苗小鞭段为基本统计和比较单位,大叶竹种美丽箬竹(Indocalamus decorus)第2年总生物量高达36.51±2.13 g,小叶竹种翠竹(Sasa pygmaea)第2年总生物量仅15.36±1.34 g,两者差异显著(P<0.05);3)美丽箬竹、黄条金刚竹(Pleioblastus kongosanensis f.aureostriaus)等大叶竹种总生物量积累率明显高于菲白竹(Sasa fortune)、翠竹等小叶竹种(P<0.05)。研究发现:1)竹子在不同更新世代出现了不同的生物量分配策略,以使竹子种群快速拓殖;2)大叶地被竹种生物量、生物量积累率均明显大于小叶地被竹种,在一定生长期与环境条件下,大叶地被竹种环境适应能力可能高于小叶地被竹种。
In order to clarify the difference in productivity and population renewal ability of different bamboo species, 9 amphipodial dwarf bamboo species were selected for pot experiment of seedlings, and the biomass allocation and accumulation of these bamboo seedlings in two growth cycles were analyzed, which could provide references for management and popularization of good amphipodial dwarf bamboos. The results showed that:(1) The total biomass accumulation rate of all the bamboo species was significantly affected by the biomass of bamboo root in the first year and the biomass of bamboo rhizome, root and leaf in the second year(P< 0.05);(2) With the rhizome fragments 5-6 cm long of breeding seedlings used as basic statistical and comparative units, the total biomass of Indocalamus decorus Q. H. Dai reached 36.51±2.13 g in the second year, while that of Sasa pygmaea(Miq.) E. G. Camus in the second year was only 15.36 ±1.34 g, and there was significant difference between them(P<0.05); and(3) The total biomass accumulation rates of I. decorus, Pleioblastus kongosanensis f. aureostriaus Muroi et Yuk. Tanaka and other large leaf bamboo species were significantly higher than those of S. fortunei(Van Houtte) Fiori, S. pygmaea and other small leaf bamboo species(P< 0.05). The study found that:(1) Different biomass allocation strategies have emerged in different renewal generations of bamboo in an attempt to better achieve the rapid colonization of bamboo population; and(2) The biomass and biomass accumulation rate of dwarf bamboo species in large leaf were significantly higher than those in small leaf, and under certain growth periods and environmental conditions, dwarf bamboo species in large leaf might have better environmental adaptability than that in small leaf.
In order to clarify the difference in productivity and population renewal ability of different bamboo species, 9 amphipodial dwarf bamboo species were selected for pot experiment of seedlings, and the biomass allocation and accumulation of these bamboo seedlings in two growth cycles were analyzed, which could provide references for management and popularization of good amphipodial dwarf bamboos. The results showed that:(1) The total biomass accumulation rate of all the bamboo species was significantly affected by the biomass of bamboo root in the first year and the biomass of bamboo rhizome, root and leaf in the second year(P< 0.05);(2) With the rhizome fragments 5-6 cm long of breeding seedlings used as basic statistical and comparative units, the total biomass of Indocalamus decorus Q. H. Dai reached 36.51±2.13 g in the second year, while that of Sasa pygmaea(Miq.) E. G. Camus in the second year was only 15.36 ±1.34 g, and there was significant difference between them(P<0.05); and(3) The total biomass accumulation rates of I. decorus, Pleioblastus kongosanensis f. aureostriaus Muroi et Yuk. Tanaka and other large leaf bamboo species were significantly higher than those of S. fortunei(Van Houtte) Fiori, S. pygmaea and other small leaf bamboo species(P< 0.05). The study found that:(1) Different biomass allocation strategies have emerged in different renewal generations of bamboo in an attempt to better achieve the rapid colonization of bamboo population; and(2) The biomass and biomass accumulation rate of dwarf bamboo species in large leaf were significantly higher than those in small leaf, and under certain growth periods and environmental conditions, dwarf bamboo species in large leaf might have better environmental adaptability than that in small leaf.
引文
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[3] 鹿士杨,潘丽萍,彭晚霞,等.不同竹类人工林生态系统生物量空间分配格局[J].生态科学,2018,37(4):123-129.
[4] 顾大形,陈双林,郭子武,等.四季竹立竹地上现存生物量分配及其与构件因子关系[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(4):495-499.
[5] 樊燕,郭春兰,方楷,等.石灰岩山地优势种淡竹生物量分配的影响主因研究[J].广西植物,2016,36(10):1172-1178.
[6] 刘美,张涛,马李红,等.3种海拔对团竹生物量分配和克隆形态特征的影响[J].西部林业科学,2014,43(6):19-23.
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[8] 解蕊,李俊清,赵雪,等.林冠环境对亚高山针叶林下缺苞箭竹生物量分配和克隆形态的影响[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(6):753-760.
[9] 翟婉璐,杨传宝,张小平,等.林地覆盖经营对雷竹生物量及土壤肥力的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(4):1147-1155.
[10] 张文元,刘顺,江斌,等.施肥对硬头黄竹林地上部分生物量结构的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(5):61-67.
[11] 童龙,李彬,陈丽洁,等.钩梢强度对麻竹生物量分配和生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3137-3144.
[12] 朱强根,金爱武,唐世刚,等.毛竹枝叶生物量的冠层分布对钩梢和施肥的响应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(1):24-29.
[13] Menges E S.Biomass allocation and geometry of the clonal forest herb Laportea canadensis:adaptive responses to the environment or allometric constraints?[J].American Botanical Society,1987,74(4):551-563.
[14] 吴凡.荒漠草本植物在不同营养条件下不同生长时期异速生长规律研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2017.
[15] 田大伦,朱凡.不同林龄两代杉木人工林生物量积累特征研究[J].广西林业科学,2011,40(2):81-84,78.
[16] 黎磊,周道玮,盛连喜.密度制约决定的植物生物量分配格局[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(8):1579-1589.
[17] 范高华,崔桢,张金伟,等.密度对尖头叶藜生物量分配格局及异速生长的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(15):5080-5090.
[18] 李效文,刘星,雷海清,等.不同产地降香苗耐寒性差异研究[J].浙江林业科技,2018,38(3):63-66.
[19] 胡晓健,欧阳献,喻方圆.干旱胁迫对不同种源马尾松苗木生长及生物量的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2010,32(3):510-516.
[20] 韩学琴,刘海刚,金杰,等.不同地理种源麻疯树植物学形态变异研究[J].热带作物学报,2014,35(8):1457-1463.
[21] 陈宗游,蒋运生,韦霄,等.不同种源黄花蒿生长及生物量分配[J].广西植物,2008(4):544-548.
[22] 张中玮,曹受金,廖菊阳,等.不同地理种源映山红生长适应性分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(11):61-67.
[23] 宋璐.不同云杉品种幼林苗高的遗传变异研究[J].山西林业科技,2017,46(4):32-34.
[24] 王楚天.8个油茶品种形态和氮磷钾营养特征差异及其相关性研究[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2017.
[25] 权伟,王怡娟,应苗苗,等.不同光照条件对2个品种(系)坛紫菜光合作用、呼吸作用的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(22):185-189.
[26] 梁晓婕,安巍,戴国礼,等.不同枸杞品种(系)的根系生长特征[J].北方园艺,2018(22):149-153.
[27] 邵庆勤,周琴,王笑,等.不同小麦品种物质积累转运与抗倒性差异及其对多效唑的响应[J].核农学报,2018,32(12):2438-2447.
[28] 高贵宾,钟浩,吴志庄,等.不同混生地被竹光合和荧光特征比较[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2016,45(5):515-521.
[29] 徐春明,贾志宽,韩清芳,等.不同秋眠级数苜蓿品种生物量特性的研究[J].草业学报,2003(6):70-73.
[30] 刘文辉,张英俊,师尚礼,等.高寒地区燕麦人工草地生物量积累对施肥和箭筈豌豆混播水平的响应[J].草原与草坪,2017,37(2):35-42.
[31] 周世勇.无患子苗期生物量积累和分配规律研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(1):140-143.
[32] 王月海,许景伟,韩友吉,等.黄河三角洲五个耐盐树种苗木生物量比较[J].林业科技开发,2013,27(4):52-55.
[2] 杨立新,林世友,梁银花,等.毛竹天然混交林生物量及经济效益分析[J].湖南林业科技,2016,43(5):98-103.
[3] 鹿士杨,潘丽萍,彭晚霞,等.不同竹类人工林生态系统生物量空间分配格局[J].生态科学,2018,37(4):123-129.
[4] 顾大形,陈双林,郭子武,等.四季竹立竹地上现存生物量分配及其与构件因子关系[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(4):495-499.
[5] 樊燕,郭春兰,方楷,等.石灰岩山地优势种淡竹生物量分配的影响主因研究[J].广西植物,2016,36(10):1172-1178.
[6] 刘美,张涛,马李红,等.3种海拔对团竹生物量分配和克隆形态特征的影响[J].西部林业科学,2014,43(6):19-23.
[7] 范叶青,周国模,施拥军,等.坡向坡位对毛竹林生物量与碳储量的影响[J].浙江农林大学学报,2012,29(3):321-327.
[8] 解蕊,李俊清,赵雪,等.林冠环境对亚高山针叶林下缺苞箭竹生物量分配和克隆形态的影响[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(6):753-760.
[9] 翟婉璐,杨传宝,张小平,等.林地覆盖经营对雷竹生物量及土壤肥力的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(4):1147-1155.
[10] 张文元,刘顺,江斌,等.施肥对硬头黄竹林地上部分生物量结构的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(5):61-67.
[11] 童龙,李彬,陈丽洁,等.钩梢强度对麻竹生物量分配和生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3137-3144.
[12] 朱强根,金爱武,唐世刚,等.毛竹枝叶生物量的冠层分布对钩梢和施肥的响应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(1):24-29.
[13] Menges E S.Biomass allocation and geometry of the clonal forest herb Laportea canadensis:adaptive responses to the environment or allometric constraints?[J].American Botanical Society,1987,74(4):551-563.
[14] 吴凡.荒漠草本植物在不同营养条件下不同生长时期异速生长规律研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2017.
[15] 田大伦,朱凡.不同林龄两代杉木人工林生物量积累特征研究[J].广西林业科学,2011,40(2):81-84,78.
[16] 黎磊,周道玮,盛连喜.密度制约决定的植物生物量分配格局[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(8):1579-1589.
[17] 范高华,崔桢,张金伟,等.密度对尖头叶藜生物量分配格局及异速生长的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(15):5080-5090.
[18] 李效文,刘星,雷海清,等.不同产地降香苗耐寒性差异研究[J].浙江林业科技,2018,38(3):63-66.
[19] 胡晓健,欧阳献,喻方圆.干旱胁迫对不同种源马尾松苗木生长及生物量的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2010,32(3):510-516.
[20] 韩学琴,刘海刚,金杰,等.不同地理种源麻疯树植物学形态变异研究[J].热带作物学报,2014,35(8):1457-1463.
[21] 陈宗游,蒋运生,韦霄,等.不同种源黄花蒿生长及生物量分配[J].广西植物,2008(4):544-548.
[22] 张中玮,曹受金,廖菊阳,等.不同地理种源映山红生长适应性分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(11):61-67.
[23] 宋璐.不同云杉品种幼林苗高的遗传变异研究[J].山西林业科技,2017,46(4):32-34.
[24] 王楚天.8个油茶品种形态和氮磷钾营养特征差异及其相关性研究[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2017.
[25] 权伟,王怡娟,应苗苗,等.不同光照条件对2个品种(系)坛紫菜光合作用、呼吸作用的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(22):185-189.
[26] 梁晓婕,安巍,戴国礼,等.不同枸杞品种(系)的根系生长特征[J].北方园艺,2018(22):149-153.
[27] 邵庆勤,周琴,王笑,等.不同小麦品种物质积累转运与抗倒性差异及其对多效唑的响应[J].核农学报,2018,32(12):2438-2447.
[28] 高贵宾,钟浩,吴志庄,等.不同混生地被竹光合和荧光特征比较[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2016,45(5):515-521.
[29] 徐春明,贾志宽,韩清芳,等.不同秋眠级数苜蓿品种生物量特性的研究[J].草业学报,2003(6):70-73.
[30] 刘文辉,张英俊,师尚礼,等.高寒地区燕麦人工草地生物量积累对施肥和箭筈豌豆混播水平的响应[J].草原与草坪,2017,37(2):35-42.
[31] 周世勇.无患子苗期生物量积累和分配规律研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2016,36(1):140-143.
[32] 王月海,许景伟,韩友吉,等.黄河三角洲五个耐盐树种苗木生物量比较[J].林业科技开发,2013,27(4):52-55.
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