对向施工隧道贯通前开挖面稳定性上限有限元分析
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摘要
为探讨对向施工隧道贯通前开挖面存在的相互影响对地层稳定性的变化规律,本文将该问题假定为沿隧道纵向中线剖开的二维平面应变模型,采用刚体平动运动单元上限有限元法开展计算分析,获得了土体自重作用下地层临界失稳状态对应的隧道开挖面稳定性系数Ncr和有效间断线网破坏模式,以单元速度云图和速度矢量图形式呈现了典型破坏模式下速度场分布的特征。研究发现:对向开挖面间距比S/D对稳定性系数Ncr有显著影响,隧道埋深比H/D和土体内摩擦角对其亦有影响。在转换间距比Str/D附近,稳定系数Ncr值差别不大,但破坏模式形态和范围差异明显。本研究为对向施工隧道贯通前的稳定性评价、选取合理预加固方案等工作提供理论支撑。
To investigate the stability change rule of the mutual influence of opposite direction excavation faces before penetration,in this study,the issue is simplified conservatively into the two-dimensional plane strain model along the longitudinal middle line of a tunnel. Using the upper bound finite element method with rigid translatory moving elements,a series of stability coefficients Ncrand collapse mechanisms displayed with active discontinuities under the critical instability state of formation is obtained considering the soil self-weight. The velocity field distribution characteristics of the typical failure mechanisms are displayed using the unit velocity cloud map and velocity vector figure.The research determined that the dimensionless distance ratio S/D of opposite direction excavation faces has a significant influence on the stability coefficients Ncr. Moreover,the dimensionless buried depth ratio H/D of the tunnel and the internal friction angle in the soil also has an influence on the stability coefficients Ncr. Near the transition spacing Str/D,a slight difference in the Ncrvalue is observed,whereas obvious differences in the form and scope of the damage are detected. The conclusions provide theoretical support for the stability evaluation of tunnel faces on the opposite side before penetration and the selection of reasonable pre-reinforcement of stratum.
To investigate the stability change rule of the mutual influence of opposite direction excavation faces before penetration,in this study,the issue is simplified conservatively into the two-dimensional plane strain model along the longitudinal middle line of a tunnel. Using the upper bound finite element method with rigid translatory moving elements,a series of stability coefficients Ncrand collapse mechanisms displayed with active discontinuities under the critical instability state of formation is obtained considering the soil self-weight. The velocity field distribution characteristics of the typical failure mechanisms are displayed using the unit velocity cloud map and velocity vector figure.The research determined that the dimensionless distance ratio S/D of opposite direction excavation faces has a significant influence on the stability coefficients Ncr. Moreover,the dimensionless buried depth ratio H/D of the tunnel and the internal friction angle in the soil also has an influence on the stability coefficients Ncr. Near the transition spacing Str/D,a slight difference in the Ncrvalue is observed,whereas obvious differences in the form and scope of the damage are detected. The conclusions provide theoretical support for the stability evaluation of tunnel faces on the opposite side before penetration and the selection of reasonable pre-reinforcement of stratum.
引文
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[10]杨峰,阳军生,赵炼恒.浅埋隧道工作面破坏模式与支护反力研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(2):279-284.YANG Feng,YANG Junsheng,ZHAO Lianheng.Collapse mechanism and support pressure for shallow tunnel face[J].Chinese journal of geotechnical engineering,2010,32(2):279-284.
[11]YANG Feng,ZHANG Jian,ZHAO Lianheng,et al.Upper-bound finite element analysis of stability of tunnel face subjected to surcharge loading in cohesive-frictional soil[J].KSCE journal of civil engineering,2016,20(6):2270-2279.
[12]阳军生,张箭,杨峰.浅埋隧道掌子面稳定性二维自适应上限有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2015,36(1):257-264.YANG Junsheng,ZHANG Jian,YANG Feng.Stability analysis of shallow tunnel face using two-dimensional finite element upper bound solution with mesh adaptation[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2015,36(1):257-264.
[13]杨峰,赵炼恒,张箭,等.基于刚体平动运动单元的上限有限元研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(6):1782-1786,1808.YANG Feng,ZHAO Lianheng,ZHANG Jian,et al.Investigation on finite element upper bound solution based on rigid translatory moving element[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2014,35(6):1782-1786,1808.
[14]BROMS B B,BENNERMARK H.Stability of clay at vertical openings[J].Journal of soil mechanics&foundations division,1967,193:71-94.
[2]吕玺琳,周运才,李冯缔.粉砂地层盾构隧道开挖面稳定性离心试验及数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2016,37(11):3324-3328,3335.LYU Xilin,ZHOU Yuncai,LI Fengdi.Centrifuge model test and numerical simulation of stability of excavation face of shield tunnel in silty sand[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2016,37(11):3324-3328,3335.
[3]UKRITCHON B,YINGCHALOENKITKHAJORN K,KEA-WSAWASVONG S.Three-dimensional undrained tunnel face stability in clay with a linearly increasing shear strength with depth[J].Computers and geotechnics,2017,88:146-151.
[4]石钰锋,阳军生,杨峰,等.软弱围岩大断面隧道相向施工围岩稳定性分析与掌子面加固研究[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(5):82-88,111.SHI Yufeng,YANG Junsheng,YANG Feng,et al.Study of stability of surrounding rock due to approaching of two excavation faces and face reinforcement in a large cross-section tunnel in weak stratum[J].Journal of highway and transportation research and development,2013,30(5):82-88,111.
[5]王俊,何川,王闯,等.砂土地层土压盾构隧道施工掌子面稳定性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(1):177-185.WANG Jun,HE Chuan,WANG Chuang,et al.Face stability analysis of EPB shield tunnel in sand[J].Chinese journal of geotechnical engineering,2018,40(1):177-185.
[6]张箭,杨峰,刘志,等.浅覆盾构隧道开挖面挤出刚性锥体破坏模式极限分析[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(7):1344-1349.ZHANG Jian,YANG Feng,LIU Zhi,et al.Three-dimensional limit analysis of blow-out failure modes of shallow shield tunnels[J].Chinese journal of geotechnical engineering,2014,36(7):1344-1349.
[7]赵明华,毛韬,牛浩懿,等.上硬下软地层盾构隧道开挖面极限支护力分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(1):103-109.ZHAO Minghua,MAO Tao,NIU Haoyi,et al.Analysis of limit supporting force of tunnel excavation face for shield machine in upper-hard lower-soft ground[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2016,43(1):103-109.
[8]ZHANG F,GAO Y F,WU Y X,et al.Upper-bound solutions for face stability of circular tunnels in undrained clays[J].Géotechnique,2018,68(1):76-85.
[9]HUANG Maosong,LI Sen,YU Jian,et al.Continuous field based upper bound analysis for three-dimensional tunnel face stability in undrained clay[J].Computers and geotechnics,2018,94:207-213.
[10]杨峰,阳军生,赵炼恒.浅埋隧道工作面破坏模式与支护反力研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(2):279-284.YANG Feng,YANG Junsheng,ZHAO Lianheng.Collapse mechanism and support pressure for shallow tunnel face[J].Chinese journal of geotechnical engineering,2010,32(2):279-284.
[11]YANG Feng,ZHANG Jian,ZHAO Lianheng,et al.Upper-bound finite element analysis of stability of tunnel face subjected to surcharge loading in cohesive-frictional soil[J].KSCE journal of civil engineering,2016,20(6):2270-2279.
[12]阳军生,张箭,杨峰.浅埋隧道掌子面稳定性二维自适应上限有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2015,36(1):257-264.YANG Junsheng,ZHANG Jian,YANG Feng.Stability analysis of shallow tunnel face using two-dimensional finite element upper bound solution with mesh adaptation[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2015,36(1):257-264.
[13]杨峰,赵炼恒,张箭,等.基于刚体平动运动单元的上限有限元研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(6):1782-1786,1808.YANG Feng,ZHAO Lianheng,ZHANG Jian,et al.Investigation on finite element upper bound solution based on rigid translatory moving element[J].Rock and soil mechanics,2014,35(6):1782-1786,1808.
[14]BROMS B B,BENNERMARK H.Stability of clay at vertical openings[J].Journal of soil mechanics&foundations division,1967,193:71-94.
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