±800 kV特高压直流输电线路微气象实时监测与带电作业安全评估方法研究
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摘要
针对特高压直流输电线路局地微气象复杂多变、难以准确预报且给带电作业安全开展带来较大问题,基于定点监测手段,实时获取输电线路局地微气象信息;在此基础上,分析了±800 kV输电线路带电作业安全影响因素,基于气体击穿理论修正了气压、温度及湿度对最小安全距离的影响,构建了以最小安全距离、气象条件、地形条件、作业人员条件及作业设备条件等因素为指标的±800 kV特高压直流输电线路带电作业安全评估指标体系。基于评价指标层次结构建立关系矩阵及模糊一致矩阵,获取项目层及指标层各因素的权值;划分带电作业安全等级,结合半梯形和三角形函数构建各指标隶属度函数,采用模糊综合评估法获得带电作业安全等级。针对四川锦苏线±800 kV带电作业安全等级进行了评估,验证了所提方法的正确性及有效性。该方法为实时准确地获取输电线路局地微气象信息及±800 kV特高压直流输电线路带电作业安全评估提供了参考。
The local microclimate of a ±800 kV transmission line is complex and accurate forecast of the microclimate is very difficult,which affects live working safety. In this study,field monitoring is employed to get the microclimate information in real time.Then,the factors influencing live working safety on ± 800 kV transmission lines are analyzed,and the effects of atmospheric pressure,temperature and humidity on the minimum safe distance are modified based on the theory of gas breakdown. The evaluation index system of live working safety for ±800 kV UHVDCtransmission line is established based on the indexes including minimum safe distance,weather condition,terrain condition,equipment condition and personnel working condition. Besides,relationship matrix and fuzzy consistent matrix are established,and the weight coefficients of the item layer and index layer are obtained based on the hierarchy of evaluation indexes. Membership functions of the indexes are established by using the half-trapezoid and triangle functions,and the live working safety levels are acquired by adopting the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. In addition,The live working safety level of Sichuan Jin-Su transmission line is evaluated,and the result verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method. This study may provide a reference for obtaining local microclimate information of transmission lines in real time and for evaluating live workings afety of ± 800 kV UHVDC transmission lines.
The local microclimate of a ±800 kV transmission line is complex and accurate forecast of the microclimate is very difficult,which affects live working safety. In this study,field monitoring is employed to get the microclimate information in real time.Then,the factors influencing live working safety on ± 800 kV transmission lines are analyzed,and the effects of atmospheric pressure,temperature and humidity on the minimum safe distance are modified based on the theory of gas breakdown. The evaluation index system of live working safety for ±800 kV UHVDCtransmission line is established based on the indexes including minimum safe distance,weather condition,terrain condition,equipment condition and personnel working condition. Besides,relationship matrix and fuzzy consistent matrix are established,and the weight coefficients of the item layer and index layer are obtained based on the hierarchy of evaluation indexes. Membership functions of the indexes are established by using the half-trapezoid and triangle functions,and the live working safety levels are acquired by adopting the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. In addition,The live working safety level of Sichuan Jin-Su transmission line is evaluated,and the result verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method. This study may provide a reference for obtaining local microclimate information of transmission lines in real time and for evaluating live workings afety of ± 800 kV UHVDC transmission lines.
引文
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[9]胡毅,刘凯,王力农,等.1 000 kV同塔双回输电线路带电作业技术试验研究[J].高电压技术,2010,36(11):2668-2673.HU Yi,LIU Kai,WANG Linong,et al.The technology experimental analysis of 1 000 kV double circuit compact transmission line live-working[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(11):2668-2673.
[10]DEVIRENM D A,KSEL Y.Developing a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(AHP)model for behavior-based safety management[J].Information Sciences,2008,178(6):1717-1733.
[11]HA J S,SEONG P H.A method for risk-informed safety significance categorization using the analytic hierarchy process and bayesian belief networks[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2004,83(1):1-15.
[12]肖勇,樊灵孟.云广800 kV特高压直流线路带电作业分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(9):2206-2211.XIAO Yong,FAN Lingmeng.Analysis of live working on Yun-Guang±800 k V DC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(9):2206-2211.
[13]舒印彪,胡毅,李雪,等.特高压交流输电线路的运行维护与带电作业[J].高电压技术,2007,33(6):1-5.SHU Yinbiao,HU Yi,LI Xue.Maintenance and live working technology for ultra high voltage transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(6):1-5.
[14]杜澎春.架空输电线带电作业安全距离[J].中国电力,1997(8):37-41.DU Pengchun.The live working safety distances for overhead transmission lines[J].Electric Power,1997(8):37-41.
[15]高电压试验技术:GB/T 16927.1-1997[S].1997.High voltage Engineering:GB/T 16927.1-1997[S].1997.
[16]±800 k V直流线路带电作业技术规范:DL/T 1242-2013[S].2013.Technical specification for live working on±800 kV DCtransmission line:DL/T 1242-2013[S].2013.
[17]孟遂民,徐文洋,唐波,等.基于模糊层次分析法的特高压直流输电线路带电作业安全评价[J].高压电器,2016,52(11):42-46.MEND Suimin,XU Wenyang,TANG Bo,et al.FAHP-based safety evaluation for live-line working on ultra high voltage DC transmission line[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(11):42-46.
[18]姚升保,徐敏.群组决策中三角模糊数互补判断矩阵的相容性及方案排序研究[J].中国管理科学,2012,20(5):152-156.YAO Shengbao,XU Min.Research on compatibility of triangular fuzzy number complementary judgment matrices in group decision-making[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2012,20(51):152-156.
[19]徐泽水.三角模糊数互补判断矩阵排序方法研究[J].系统工程学报,2004,19(1):85-88.XU Zeshui.On priority method of triangular fuzzy number complementary judgement matrix[J].Journal of Systems Engineering,2004,19(1):85-88.
[20]张吉军.模糊层次分析法[J].模糊系统与数学,2000,14(2):80-88.ZHANG Jijun.Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process[J].Fuzzy Systems and Mathematics,2000,14(2):80-88.
[21]祝慧娜,袁兴中,梁婕,等.河流水环境污染风险模糊综合评价模型[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(3):516-521.ZHU Huina,YUAN Xingzhong,LIANG Jie,et al.An integrated model for assessing the risk of water environmental pollution based on fuzziness[J].China Environmental Science,2011,31(3):516-521.
[2]国家电网公司.供电企业安全风险评估规范[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009.State Grid Corporation of China.The power supply enterprise safety risk assessment standard[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2009.
[3]胡毅.输配电线路带电作业技术的研究与发展[J].高电压技术,2006,32(11):1-10.HU Yi.Research and development of live working technology on transmission and distribution lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2006,32(11):1-10.
[4]黄修乾,何建刚.高海拔500 kV紧凑型直线塔带电作业可行性及新方式研究[J].南方电网技术,2010,4(1):104-107.HUANG Xiuqian,HE Jiangang.The research of feasibility and new pattern of live working on 500 kV compact tangent tower in high altitude area[J].Southern Power System Technology,2010,4(1):104-107.
[5]罗日成,唐祥盛,李志前,等.500/220 kV同塔四回输电线路带电作业电场仿真分析[J].高压电器,2015,51(8):164-170.LUO Richeng,TANG Xiangsheng,LI Zhiqian,et al.Simulation analysis on electric field intensity of 500/220 kVfour-circuit-on-one-tower transmission line for live working[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(8):164-170.
[6]胡建勋,刘凯,刘庭,等.500 kV高海拔紧凑型输电线路带电作业试验研究[J].高压电器,2010,46(4):1001-1609.HU Jianxun,LIU Kai,LIU Ting,et al.An experimental research of living work on high altitude compact 500 kVtransmission line[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(4):1001-1609.
[7]肖宾,刘凯,陈磊,等.1 000 k V特高压变电站带电作业试验研究[J].高压电器,2016,52(1):1001-1609.XIAO Bing,LIU Kai,CHEN Lei,et al.Test research of live working in 1 000 k V UHV substation[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(1):1001-1609.
[8]王力农,胡毅,刘凯,等.500 kV高海拔紧凑型线路带电作业研究[J].高电压技术,2005,31(8):12-14.WANG Linong,HU Yi,LIU Kai,et al.Research of 500 kVhigh altitude compact transmission line live-working[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(8):12-14.
[9]胡毅,刘凯,王力农,等.1 000 kV同塔双回输电线路带电作业技术试验研究[J].高电压技术,2010,36(11):2668-2673.HU Yi,LIU Kai,WANG Linong,et al.The technology experimental analysis of 1 000 kV double circuit compact transmission line live-working[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(11):2668-2673.
[10]DEVIRENM D A,KSEL Y.Developing a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(AHP)model for behavior-based safety management[J].Information Sciences,2008,178(6):1717-1733.
[11]HA J S,SEONG P H.A method for risk-informed safety significance categorization using the analytic hierarchy process and bayesian belief networks[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2004,83(1):1-15.
[12]肖勇,樊灵孟.云广800 kV特高压直流线路带电作业分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(9):2206-2211.XIAO Yong,FAN Lingmeng.Analysis of live working on Yun-Guang±800 k V DC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(9):2206-2211.
[13]舒印彪,胡毅,李雪,等.特高压交流输电线路的运行维护与带电作业[J].高电压技术,2007,33(6):1-5.SHU Yinbiao,HU Yi,LI Xue.Maintenance and live working technology for ultra high voltage transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(6):1-5.
[14]杜澎春.架空输电线带电作业安全距离[J].中国电力,1997(8):37-41.DU Pengchun.The live working safety distances for overhead transmission lines[J].Electric Power,1997(8):37-41.
[15]高电压试验技术:GB/T 16927.1-1997[S].1997.High voltage Engineering:GB/T 16927.1-1997[S].1997.
[16]±800 k V直流线路带电作业技术规范:DL/T 1242-2013[S].2013.Technical specification for live working on±800 kV DCtransmission line:DL/T 1242-2013[S].2013.
[17]孟遂民,徐文洋,唐波,等.基于模糊层次分析法的特高压直流输电线路带电作业安全评价[J].高压电器,2016,52(11):42-46.MEND Suimin,XU Wenyang,TANG Bo,et al.FAHP-based safety evaluation for live-line working on ultra high voltage DC transmission line[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(11):42-46.
[18]姚升保,徐敏.群组决策中三角模糊数互补判断矩阵的相容性及方案排序研究[J].中国管理科学,2012,20(5):152-156.YAO Shengbao,XU Min.Research on compatibility of triangular fuzzy number complementary judgment matrices in group decision-making[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2012,20(51):152-156.
[19]徐泽水.三角模糊数互补判断矩阵排序方法研究[J].系统工程学报,2004,19(1):85-88.XU Zeshui.On priority method of triangular fuzzy number complementary judgement matrix[J].Journal of Systems Engineering,2004,19(1):85-88.
[20]张吉军.模糊层次分析法[J].模糊系统与数学,2000,14(2):80-88.ZHANG Jijun.Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process[J].Fuzzy Systems and Mathematics,2000,14(2):80-88.
[21]祝慧娜,袁兴中,梁婕,等.河流水环境污染风险模糊综合评价模型[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(3):516-521.ZHU Huina,YUAN Xingzhong,LIANG Jie,et al.An integrated model for assessing the risk of water environmental pollution based on fuzziness[J].China Environmental Science,2011,31(3):516-521.
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