餐饮环节使用食品添加剂存在的问题与监管现状
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摘要
食品添加剂是现代食品工业的重要组成部分,虽然我国食品添加剂相关法律、法规、标准较为完善,但监督检查发现餐饮环节食品添加剂使用依然存在一定的问题,包括食品添加剂采购管理制度不落实、贮藏不规范、使用没有制定管理规范、从业人员正确使用添加剂知识欠缺等。根据《广东省食品安全条例》第二十九条规定,餐饮服务允许使用的食品添加剂品种和用量由省级食品药品监督管理部门会同省级卫生行政部门制定、公布并适时调整。基于上述原因,省级食品药品监督管理部门非常有必要牵头针对餐饮服务环节食品添加剂使用管理开展研究,以规范餐饮服务提供者正确、合理使用食品添加剂。本文分析餐饮环节使用食品添加剂存在的问题,掌握餐饮环节食品添加剂使用监管现状,了解当前餐饮环节食品添加剂监管措施,为制定餐饮环节食品添加剂使用管理规范提供参考。
Food additives are an important part of the modern food industry. Although the laws, regulations and standards related to food additives in China are relatively perfect, but the supervision and inspection find that there are still some problems in the use of food additives in the food and beverage sector, including non-implementation of the food additive procurement management system, non-standard storage, no management standards for the use of additives, practitioners lack of knowledge of the correct use of additives. According to article 29 of the Guangdong Food Safety Regulations, the varieties and dosages of food additives allowed for catering services shall be formulated, announced and timely adjusted by the provincial food and drug supervision and administration department in conjunction with the provincial health administrative department. Based on the above reasons, it is very necessary for the provincial food and drug supervision and management department to take the lead in researching the use of food additives in the catering service sector to regulate the correct and rational use of food additives by catering service providers. This paper analyzed the problems existing in the use of food additives in the food and beverage chain, mastered the status quo of the use of food additives in the food and beverage chain, and understanded the current food additive regulatory measures in the food and beverage chain, so as to provide reference for the development of food additive management standards for food and beverage.
Food additives are an important part of the modern food industry. Although the laws, regulations and standards related to food additives in China are relatively perfect, but the supervision and inspection find that there are still some problems in the use of food additives in the food and beverage sector, including non-implementation of the food additive procurement management system, non-standard storage, no management standards for the use of additives, practitioners lack of knowledge of the correct use of additives. According to article 29 of the Guangdong Food Safety Regulations, the varieties and dosages of food additives allowed for catering services shall be formulated, announced and timely adjusted by the provincial food and drug supervision and administration department in conjunction with the provincial health administrative department. Based on the above reasons, it is very necessary for the provincial food and drug supervision and management department to take the lead in researching the use of food additives in the catering service sector to regulate the correct and rational use of food additives by catering service providers. This paper analyzed the problems existing in the use of food additives in the food and beverage chain, mastered the status quo of the use of food additives in the food and beverage chain, and understanded the current food additive regulatory measures in the food and beverage chain, so as to provide reference for the development of food additive management standards for food and beverage.
引文
[1]申瑶.我国食品添加剂使用现状及监管对策研究[J].现代食品,2018,(24):63-66.Shen Y.Research on current status and regulatory countermeasures of uses of food additives in China[J].Mod Food,2018,(24):63-66.
[2]GB 2760-2014食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准[S].GB 2760-2014 National food safety standard-Standards for the use of food additives[S].
[3]丁洪流,陆俊,张淑琴,等.2017~2018年江苏省食品添加剂风险监测结果分析[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2019,10(2):557-562.Ding HL,Lu J,Zhang SQ,et al.Analysis of risk monitoring results of food additives in Jiangsu province in 2017-2018[J].J Food Saf Qual,2019,10(2):557-562.
[4]中华人民共和国食品安全法[Z].Food safety law of the People's Republic of China[Z].
[5]广东省食品安全条例[Z].Guangdong food safety regulations[Z].
[6]餐饮服务食品安全监督管理办法[Z].Measures for supervision and management of food safety in catering services[Z].
[7]张玮,王培玉,张玉梅.北京市海淀区餐饮服务环节食品添加剂采购与使用管理现状调查[J].中国卫生监督杂志,2011,18(4):365-370.Zhang W,Wang PY,Zhang YM.Investigation on the current situation of food additives purchase and use management in the catering service link of Haidian district,Beijing[J].Chin J Health Superv,2011,18(4):365-370.
[8]李友志.272家餐饮店食品添加剂使用情况调查[J].上海预防医学杂志,2009,21(10):476,479.Li YZ.Investigation on the use of food additives in 272 restaurants[J].Shanghai J Prev Med,2009,21(10):476,479.
[9]李红,赵亮宇,胡克强,等.北京市餐饮服务单位食品添加剂使用状况调查分析[J].中国卫生标准管理,2012,3(6):21-29.Li H,Zhao LY,Hu KQ,et al.Investigation and analysis on the use of food additives in Beijing catering service units[J].China Manag Health Stand,2012,3(6):21-29.
[10]叶玲霞,戴宇.安徽省餐饮业使用食品添加剂卫生状况调查[J].疾病控制杂志,2007,11(5):528-530.Ye LX,Dai Y.Investigation of health status on the use of food additives in food industries of Anhui province[J].Chin J Dis Control Prev,2007,11(5):528-530.
[11]何玉芳,裘伟康,谢益,等.餐饮业食品添加剂使用现状及监管对策的研究[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2010,2(5):1223-1225.He YF,Qiu WK,Xie Y,et al.Research on current status and supervision counterm easures of using food additives in catering trade[J].Chin JHealth Lab Technol,2010,2(5):1223-1225.
[12]周淑芳.餐饮服务环节使用食品添加剂的现状及监管对策[J].食品安全导刊,2017,1:30.Zhou SF.Current situation and supervision countermeasures of food additives used in catering service[J].Chin Food Saf Magz,2017,1:30.
[13]张毅.太原市城区餐饮单位食品添加剂使用情况调查分析[J].中国药物与临床,2016,16(3):345-346.Zhang Y.Investigation and analysis on the use of food additives in catering units in Taiyuan city[J].Chin Remed Clin,2016,16(3):345-346.
[14]易智勇,周华,黄忆明.长沙市芙蓉区大型餐饮单位食品添加剂使用现状调查[J].实用预防医学,2009,16(3):772-775.Yi ZY,Zhou H,Huang YM.Investigation on the present situation of food additives used in large catering in furong district of Changsha city[J].Pract Prev Med,2009,16(3):772-775.
[15]张艳艳,蔺新英,孙衍昌,等.餐饮服务环节食品添加剂使用情况与监管对策研究[J].食品与药品,2015,17(2):133-135.Zhang YY,Lin XY,Sun YC,et al.Current situation and supervision and management strategy of food additives applicated in catering services[J].Food Drug,2015,17(2):133-135.
[16]向芳,邵万宽,吴跃.餐饮业食品添加剂滥用原因及管理对策研究[J].四川烹饪高等专科学校学报,2013,5(108):28-30.Xiang F,Shao WK,Wu Y.Causes of abuse of food additives in catering industry and its management strategies[J].J Sichuan Higher Instit Cuis,2013,5(108):28-30.
[17]赵晓禄,张玉梅.公众及餐饮服务行业人员对食品添加剂使用的认知调查[J].中国卫生监督杂志,2016,23(2):150-155.Zhao XL,Zhang YM.Cognitive survey on the use of food additives by the public and personnel in catering service industry[J].Chin J Health Superv,2016,23(2):150-155.
[18]中华人民共和国卫生部.关于加强食品添加剂监督管理工作的通知(卫监督发[2009]89号)[EB/OL].[2009-9-24].http://law.foodmate.net/show-164256.html Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.Notice on strengthening the supervision and administration of food additives(No.89,Health Supervision and Distribution[EB/OL].[2009-9-24].http://law.foodmate.net/show-164256.html
[19]中华人民共和国卫生部.关于切实加强食品调味料和食品添加剂监督管理的紧急通知(卫监督发[2011]5号)[EB/OL].[2011-1-26].http://law.foodmate.net/show-165948.html Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.Emergency Notice on effectively strengthening the supervision and administration of food condiments and food additives(No.5,2011)[EB/OL].[2011-1-26].http://law.foodmate.net/show-165948.html
[20]中华人民共和国卫生部.国家食品药品监督管理局.关于禁止餐饮服务单位采购、贮存、使用食品添加剂亚硝酸盐的公告(2012年第10号)[EB/OL].[2012-5-28].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/sps/s7891/201206/2ee4444501fe41e1b726325330fb2d94.shtml,2012-5-28.Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China,State Food and Drug Administration.Announcement on the prohibition of food additive nitrite purchase,Storage and use by catering service units(No.10,2012)[EB/OL].[2012-5-28].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/sps/s7891/201206/2ee4444501fe41e1b726325330fb2d94.Shtml
[21]浙江省食品药品监督管理局关于印发《浙江省餐饮服务环节调味品和食品添加剂使用指导意见》的通知(浙食药监食[2011]27号)[EB/OL].[2011-5-6].http://www.doc88.com/p-2055913736362.html Zhejiang Food and Drug Administration.Circular on the issue of Guidelines for the use of condiments and food additives in food and beverage services in Zhejiang province(No.27,2011)[EB/OL].[2011-5-6].http://www.doc88.com/p-2055913736362.html
[22]辽宁省食品药品监督管理局印发《关于进一步规范省直管餐饮服务单位食品添加剂使用与管理工作的通知》[EB/OL].[2011-5-27].http://www.5888.tv/news/12371Liaoning Food and Drug Administration Notice on further standardizing trhe use and management of food additives in catering service units directly under the provincial administration[EB/OL].[2011-5-27].http://www.5888.tv/news/12371
[23]山西省食品药品监督管理局《关于餐饮服务食品添加剂使用管理办法》[EB/OL].[2011-8-3].http://law.foodmate.net/show-178311.html Shanxi Food and Drug Administration Measures for the use and management of food additives in catering services[EB/OL].[2011-8-3].http://law.foodmate.net/show-178311.html
[24]青海省出台相关制度加强餐饮单位食品添加剂管理[EB/OL].[2011-10-30].http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2011-10/30/content_1981745.htm Qinghai province issued relevant regulations to strengthen the management of food additives in catering units[EB/OL].[2011-10-30].http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2011-10/30/content_1981745.htm
[25]云南省食品药品监督管理局、省卫生厅、省教育厅、省住房建设厅、省旅游局《云南省严厉打击食品非法添加和滥用食品添加剂专项行动实施案》[EB/OL].[2011-6-8].https://www.bidcenter.com.cn/newssearchyz-17991166.html Yunnan Food and Drug Administration,Provincial Health Department,Provincial Department of Public Education,Provincial Housing Construction Department,Provincial Tourism Bureau.Implementation plan of special action to strictly combat illegal addition and abuse of food additives in Yunnan province[EB/OL].[2011-6-8].https://www.bidcenter.com.cn/newssearchyz-17991166.html
[2]GB 2760-2014食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准[S].GB 2760-2014 National food safety standard-Standards for the use of food additives[S].
[3]丁洪流,陆俊,张淑琴,等.2017~2018年江苏省食品添加剂风险监测结果分析[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2019,10(2):557-562.Ding HL,Lu J,Zhang SQ,et al.Analysis of risk monitoring results of food additives in Jiangsu province in 2017-2018[J].J Food Saf Qual,2019,10(2):557-562.
[4]中华人民共和国食品安全法[Z].Food safety law of the People's Republic of China[Z].
[5]广东省食品安全条例[Z].Guangdong food safety regulations[Z].
[6]餐饮服务食品安全监督管理办法[Z].Measures for supervision and management of food safety in catering services[Z].
[7]张玮,王培玉,张玉梅.北京市海淀区餐饮服务环节食品添加剂采购与使用管理现状调查[J].中国卫生监督杂志,2011,18(4):365-370.Zhang W,Wang PY,Zhang YM.Investigation on the current situation of food additives purchase and use management in the catering service link of Haidian district,Beijing[J].Chin J Health Superv,2011,18(4):365-370.
[8]李友志.272家餐饮店食品添加剂使用情况调查[J].上海预防医学杂志,2009,21(10):476,479.Li YZ.Investigation on the use of food additives in 272 restaurants[J].Shanghai J Prev Med,2009,21(10):476,479.
[9]李红,赵亮宇,胡克强,等.北京市餐饮服务单位食品添加剂使用状况调查分析[J].中国卫生标准管理,2012,3(6):21-29.Li H,Zhao LY,Hu KQ,et al.Investigation and analysis on the use of food additives in Beijing catering service units[J].China Manag Health Stand,2012,3(6):21-29.
[10]叶玲霞,戴宇.安徽省餐饮业使用食品添加剂卫生状况调查[J].疾病控制杂志,2007,11(5):528-530.Ye LX,Dai Y.Investigation of health status on the use of food additives in food industries of Anhui province[J].Chin J Dis Control Prev,2007,11(5):528-530.
[11]何玉芳,裘伟康,谢益,等.餐饮业食品添加剂使用现状及监管对策的研究[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2010,2(5):1223-1225.He YF,Qiu WK,Xie Y,et al.Research on current status and supervision counterm easures of using food additives in catering trade[J].Chin JHealth Lab Technol,2010,2(5):1223-1225.
[12]周淑芳.餐饮服务环节使用食品添加剂的现状及监管对策[J].食品安全导刊,2017,1:30.Zhou SF.Current situation and supervision countermeasures of food additives used in catering service[J].Chin Food Saf Magz,2017,1:30.
[13]张毅.太原市城区餐饮单位食品添加剂使用情况调查分析[J].中国药物与临床,2016,16(3):345-346.Zhang Y.Investigation and analysis on the use of food additives in catering units in Taiyuan city[J].Chin Remed Clin,2016,16(3):345-346.
[14]易智勇,周华,黄忆明.长沙市芙蓉区大型餐饮单位食品添加剂使用现状调查[J].实用预防医学,2009,16(3):772-775.Yi ZY,Zhou H,Huang YM.Investigation on the present situation of food additives used in large catering in furong district of Changsha city[J].Pract Prev Med,2009,16(3):772-775.
[15]张艳艳,蔺新英,孙衍昌,等.餐饮服务环节食品添加剂使用情况与监管对策研究[J].食品与药品,2015,17(2):133-135.Zhang YY,Lin XY,Sun YC,et al.Current situation and supervision and management strategy of food additives applicated in catering services[J].Food Drug,2015,17(2):133-135.
[16]向芳,邵万宽,吴跃.餐饮业食品添加剂滥用原因及管理对策研究[J].四川烹饪高等专科学校学报,2013,5(108):28-30.Xiang F,Shao WK,Wu Y.Causes of abuse of food additives in catering industry and its management strategies[J].J Sichuan Higher Instit Cuis,2013,5(108):28-30.
[17]赵晓禄,张玉梅.公众及餐饮服务行业人员对食品添加剂使用的认知调查[J].中国卫生监督杂志,2016,23(2):150-155.Zhao XL,Zhang YM.Cognitive survey on the use of food additives by the public and personnel in catering service industry[J].Chin J Health Superv,2016,23(2):150-155.
[18]中华人民共和国卫生部.关于加强食品添加剂监督管理工作的通知(卫监督发[2009]89号)[EB/OL].[2009-9-24].http://law.foodmate.net/show-164256.html Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.Notice on strengthening the supervision and administration of food additives(No.89,Health Supervision and Distribution[EB/OL].[2009-9-24].http://law.foodmate.net/show-164256.html
[19]中华人民共和国卫生部.关于切实加强食品调味料和食品添加剂监督管理的紧急通知(卫监督发[2011]5号)[EB/OL].[2011-1-26].http://law.foodmate.net/show-165948.html Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.Emergency Notice on effectively strengthening the supervision and administration of food condiments and food additives(No.5,2011)[EB/OL].[2011-1-26].http://law.foodmate.net/show-165948.html
[20]中华人民共和国卫生部.国家食品药品监督管理局.关于禁止餐饮服务单位采购、贮存、使用食品添加剂亚硝酸盐的公告(2012年第10号)[EB/OL].[2012-5-28].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/sps/s7891/201206/2ee4444501fe41e1b726325330fb2d94.shtml,2012-5-28.Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China,State Food and Drug Administration.Announcement on the prohibition of food additive nitrite purchase,Storage and use by catering service units(No.10,2012)[EB/OL].[2012-5-28].http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/sps/s7891/201206/2ee4444501fe41e1b726325330fb2d94.Shtml
[21]浙江省食品药品监督管理局关于印发《浙江省餐饮服务环节调味品和食品添加剂使用指导意见》的通知(浙食药监食[2011]27号)[EB/OL].[2011-5-6].http://www.doc88.com/p-2055913736362.html Zhejiang Food and Drug Administration.Circular on the issue of Guidelines for the use of condiments and food additives in food and beverage services in Zhejiang province(No.27,2011)[EB/OL].[2011-5-6].http://www.doc88.com/p-2055913736362.html
[22]辽宁省食品药品监督管理局印发《关于进一步规范省直管餐饮服务单位食品添加剂使用与管理工作的通知》[EB/OL].[2011-5-27].http://www.5888.tv/news/12371Liaoning Food and Drug Administration Notice on further standardizing trhe use and management of food additives in catering service units directly under the provincial administration[EB/OL].[2011-5-27].http://www.5888.tv/news/12371
[23]山西省食品药品监督管理局《关于餐饮服务食品添加剂使用管理办法》[EB/OL].[2011-8-3].http://law.foodmate.net/show-178311.html Shanxi Food and Drug Administration Measures for the use and management of food additives in catering services[EB/OL].[2011-8-3].http://law.foodmate.net/show-178311.html
[24]青海省出台相关制度加强餐饮单位食品添加剂管理[EB/OL].[2011-10-30].http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2011-10/30/content_1981745.htm Qinghai province issued relevant regulations to strengthen the management of food additives in catering units[EB/OL].[2011-10-30].http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2011-10/30/content_1981745.htm
[25]云南省食品药品监督管理局、省卫生厅、省教育厅、省住房建设厅、省旅游局《云南省严厉打击食品非法添加和滥用食品添加剂专项行动实施案》[EB/OL].[2011-6-8].https://www.bidcenter.com.cn/newssearchyz-17991166.html Yunnan Food and Drug Administration,Provincial Health Department,Provincial Department of Public Education,Provincial Housing Construction Department,Provincial Tourism Bureau.Implementation plan of special action to strictly combat illegal addition and abuse of food additives in Yunnan province[EB/OL].[2011-6-8].https://www.bidcenter.com.cn/newssearchyz-17991166.html
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