高精度三维地震技术及其在松辽盆地北部扶余油层砂体刻画中的应用
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摘要
松辽盆地北部大庆长垣及其两侧扶余油层是大庆油田致密油勘探的重点领域。为了精确刻画扶余油层致密油"甜点",经过探索形成了高精度三维地震勘探技术。以小面元、高密度、宽方位、单井小药量激发、单只高灵敏度检波器接收为采集特点,以最大限度提高地震资料分辨率为原则,以单砂体准确刻画为核心目标,全面提高了三维地震勘探精度。研究结果表明:地震资料频带由常规的4～63 Hz提高到4～90 Hz,扶余油层3 m以上单砂体的预测精度约80%,满足了扶余油层致密油"甜点"刻画需求。高精度三维地震技术全面应用于松辽盆地北部,为大庆油田扶余油层致密油勘探提供了技术支持。
Fuyu oil layers in Daqing Placanticline and its both sides in North Songliao Basin are the major fields of tight oil exploration in Daqing Oilfield. In order to finely characterize the "sweet spot" in Fuyu tight oil, after researching, the high-precision 3D seismic exploring technique has been developed. Taking the small bin, high density, wide azimuth, single-well small charge excitation, single high-sensitivity geophone receiving as the acquisition characteristics, and enhancing maximally the seismic data resolution as the principle, accurately characterizing the single sandbody as the core goal,the 3D seismic exploration resolution was improved in an all-round way. The study results show that the frequency bandwidth of the seismic data has been increased from 4-63 Hz to 4-90 Hz, the predicted accuracy of the single sandbody above 3 m in Fuyu oil layers is about 80%, basically meet the requirement of characterizing Fuyu tight oil "sweet spot". High-precision 3D seismic technique has been fully applied in Northern Songliao Basin, which has laid the technical support for Fuyu tight oil exploration in Daqing Oilfield.
Fuyu oil layers in Daqing Placanticline and its both sides in North Songliao Basin are the major fields of tight oil exploration in Daqing Oilfield. In order to finely characterize the "sweet spot" in Fuyu tight oil, after researching, the high-precision 3D seismic exploring technique has been developed. Taking the small bin, high density, wide azimuth, single-well small charge excitation, single high-sensitivity geophone receiving as the acquisition characteristics, and enhancing maximally the seismic data resolution as the principle, accurately characterizing the single sandbody as the core goal,the 3D seismic exploration resolution was improved in an all-round way. The study results show that the frequency bandwidth of the seismic data has been increased from 4-63 Hz to 4-90 Hz, the predicted accuracy of the single sandbody above 3 m in Fuyu oil layers is about 80%, basically meet the requirement of characterizing Fuyu tight oil "sweet spot". High-precision 3D seismic technique has been fully applied in Northern Songliao Basin, which has laid the technical support for Fuyu tight oil exploration in Daqing Oilfield.
引文
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[15]顾雯,章雄,徐敏,等.强屏蔽下薄储层高精度预测研究:以松辽盆地三肇凹陷为例[J].石油物探,2017,56(3):439-448.GU Wen,ZHANG Xiong,XU Min,et al.High precision prediction of thin reservoir under strong shielding effect and its application:A case study from Sanzhao Depression,Songliao Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(3):439-448.
[16]胡玮,韩立国,尚帅.频散属性在致密薄储层识别中的应用[J].石油物探,2014,53(3):367-372.HU Wei,HAN Liguo,SHANG Shuai.Application of frequency-dispersion attributes in identification of tight thin interbedded reservoirs[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2014,53(3):367-372.
[17]孙思敏,彭仕宓.地质统计学反演方法及其在薄层砂体预测中的应用[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,22(1):41-48.SUN Simin,PENG Shimi.Geostatistical inversion method and its application in the prediction of thin reservoirs[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University (Natural Science Edition),2007,22(1):41-48.
[18]孙思敏,彭仕宓.地质统计学反演及其在吉林扶余油田储层预测中的应用[J].物探与化探,2007,31(1):51-54.SUN Simin,PENG Shimi.Geostatistical inversion method and its application to reservoir predicition of Fuyu Oilfield in Jilin Province and its application in the prediction of thin reservoirs[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2007,31(1):51-54.
[2]杜金虎,李建忠,郭彬程,等.中国陆相致密油[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2016:29-33.DU Jinhu,LI Jianzhong,GUO Bincheng,et al.Continental deposit tight oil in China[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2016:29-33.
[3]贾承造,邹才能,李建中,等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):343-349.JIA Chengzao,ZOU Caineng,LI Jianzhong,et al.Assessment criteria,main types,basic features and resource prospect of the tight oil in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):343-349.
[4]赵靖舟.非常规油气有关概念、分类及资源潜力[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(3):393-406.ZHAO Jingzhou.Conception,classification and resource potential of unconventional hydrocarbons[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2012,23(3):393-406.
[5]张庆国,鲍志东,那未红.松辽盆地中央坳陷南部下白垩统泉头组四段沉积相[J].古地理学报,2007,9(3):267-276.ZHANG Qingguo,BAO Zhidong,NA Weihong.Sedimentary facies of the Member 4 of Quantou Formation of Lower Cretaceous in Southern Central Depression of Songliao Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2007,9(3):267-276.
[6]曹务祥.检波器组合问题的分析[J].石油物探,2008,47(5):506-510.CAO Wuxiang.Analysis on the problems of geophone array[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(5):506-510.
[7]董世泰,高红霞.单点单检波器地震勘探技术[J].石油仪器,2005,19(2):66-68.DONG Shitai,GAO Hongxia.Seismic exploration technology of single point with one geophone[J].Petroleum Instruments,2005,19(2):66-68.
[8]王春明,胡英,刘卫东.面向薄互储层的叠前宽频保幅处理技术[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(16):4617-4621.WANG Chunming,HU Ying,LIU Weidong.Pre-stack broadband amplitude preserved processing technology for thin interbed reservoir[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(16):4617-4621.
[9]王西文,赵邦六,吕焕通,等.地震资料相对保幅处理方法研究[J].石油物探,2009,48(4):319-331.WANG Xiwen,ZHAO Bangliu,Lü Huantong,et al.Relative amplitude method to merging processing of seismic data[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2009,48(4):319-331.
[10]王建民,王元波,曲华东,等.井地资料联合处理技术及应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(2):135-139.WANG Jianmin,WANG Yuanbo,Qü Huadong,et al.Processing technique and its application by the surface seismic and borehole data[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(2):135-139.
[11]刘兴东.岩性油藏薄窄砂体地震精细处理解释技术[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(4):137-141.LIU Xingdong.Fine seismic processing and interpreting techniques for then thin and narrow sandbodies in lithologic reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(4):137-141.
[12]张军华,王庆峰,张晓辉,等.薄层和薄互层叠后地震解释关键技术综述[J].石油物探,2017,56(8):459-471.ZHANG Junhua,WANG Qingfeng,ZHANG Xiaohui,et al.Poststack interpretation key techniques for thin layer and thin interbed reservoirsa[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(8):459-471.
[13]凌云研究组.利用振幅的调谐作用探测地层厚度小于1/4波长地质目标[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(3):268-274.LING Yun Study Group.Application of amplitude tuning in surveying geologic target thickness less than 1/4 wavelength[J].OGP,2003,38(3):268-274.
[14]郭迎春,张军华,刘磊,等.能量半时地震属性的诠释与应用[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(2):746-751.GUO Yingchun ,ZHANG Junhua ,LIU Lei,et al.The annotation and application of energy half-time attribute[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(2):746-751.
[15]顾雯,章雄,徐敏,等.强屏蔽下薄储层高精度预测研究:以松辽盆地三肇凹陷为例[J].石油物探,2017,56(3):439-448.GU Wen,ZHANG Xiong,XU Min,et al.High precision prediction of thin reservoir under strong shielding effect and its application:A case study from Sanzhao Depression,Songliao Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(3):439-448.
[16]胡玮,韩立国,尚帅.频散属性在致密薄储层识别中的应用[J].石油物探,2014,53(3):367-372.HU Wei,HAN Liguo,SHANG Shuai.Application of frequency-dispersion attributes in identification of tight thin interbedded reservoirs[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2014,53(3):367-372.
[17]孙思敏,彭仕宓.地质统计学反演方法及其在薄层砂体预测中的应用[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,22(1):41-48.SUN Simin,PENG Shimi.Geostatistical inversion method and its application in the prediction of thin reservoirs[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University (Natural Science Edition),2007,22(1):41-48.
[18]孙思敏,彭仕宓.地质统计学反演及其在吉林扶余油田储层预测中的应用[J].物探与化探,2007,31(1):51-54.SUN Simin,PENG Shimi.Geostatistical inversion method and its application to reservoir predicition of Fuyu Oilfield in Jilin Province and its application in the prediction of thin reservoirs[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2007,31(1):51-54.
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