鄂尔多斯盆地中南部马五_(1-2)亚段岩相古地理特征及其对储层的影响
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摘要
为探讨岩相古地理环境对储层的影响,以鄂尔多斯盆地中南部马五_(1-2)亚段为例,综合利用岩芯观察及薄片鉴定、多矿物测井解释模型以及单因素分析多因素综合作图法等多种方法,对研究区岩相、岩相古地理特征进行了研究,并结合测井解释储层厚度的分布特征及实际天然气产量数据分析了岩相古地理环境对储层分布的影响。分析结果表明,研究区马五_(1-2)亚段岩石类型主要包括白云岩(泥晶白云岩、膏盐溶蚀角砾白云岩、溶蚀角砾泥晶白云岩、溶蚀角砾含灰粉晶白云岩、灰云岩、含膏云岩、含泥含灰云岩、泥云岩)、石灰岩(云灰岩、含泥云灰岩)以及部分蒸发岩(石膏岩、盐岩)。岩相古地理环境以蒸发台地和局限台地亚相为主,蒸发台地亚相包括云坪和含膏云坪微相,局限台地亚相包括膏盐湖、膏湖和含膏湖微相。岩相古地理环境在一定程度上影响储层分布,蒸发台地亚相中的云坪微相、含膏云坪微相以及局限台地亚相中的部分含膏湖微相、膏湖微相均是储层发育的有利区域。
In order to investigate the effect of lithofacies paleogeography on the reservoir, the lithofacies and lithofacies paleogeography characteristics of the Majiagou submember 5_(1-2) in the central-southern Ordos Basin were studied by various methods, including core observation, thin sections identification, and multi-mineral logging interpretation, as well as single factor analysis and multi factor comprehensive mapping. Then the effect of lithofacies paleogeography on the reservoir was analyzed by combining with reservoir distribution, which we obtained by logging interpretation and the data of actual gas production. The result shows that the main rock types of the Majiagou submember 5_(1-2) mainly include dolostone(dolomicrite, gypsum and salt corrosion breccia dolomicrite, karst breccia dolomicrite, karst breccia calcitic crystal powder dolostone, calcitic dolostone, gypsiferous dolostone, argillaceous calcitic dolostone, and argillaceous dolostone) and limestone(dolomitic limestone and argillaceous dolomitic limestone), as well as partial evaporite(gypsum and halite). The lithofacies paleogeography environment mainly includes the evaporate platform, which can be divided into dolomitic flat and gypsiferous dolomitic flat, as well as a restricted platform, which can be divided into salt lake, gypsum lake, and gypsiferous lake. The reservoir can be affected by lithofacies paleogeography to some extent. Dolomitic flat and gypsiferous flat, as well as partial gypsiferous and gypsum lake are all the favorable areas for the reservoir.
In order to investigate the effect of lithofacies paleogeography on the reservoir, the lithofacies and lithofacies paleogeography characteristics of the Majiagou submember 5_(1-2) in the central-southern Ordos Basin were studied by various methods, including core observation, thin sections identification, and multi-mineral logging interpretation, as well as single factor analysis and multi factor comprehensive mapping. Then the effect of lithofacies paleogeography on the reservoir was analyzed by combining with reservoir distribution, which we obtained by logging interpretation and the data of actual gas production. The result shows that the main rock types of the Majiagou submember 5_(1-2) mainly include dolostone(dolomicrite, gypsum and salt corrosion breccia dolomicrite, karst breccia dolomicrite, karst breccia calcitic crystal powder dolostone, calcitic dolostone, gypsiferous dolostone, argillaceous calcitic dolostone, and argillaceous dolostone) and limestone(dolomitic limestone and argillaceous dolomitic limestone), as well as partial evaporite(gypsum and halite). The lithofacies paleogeography environment mainly includes the evaporate platform, which can be divided into dolomitic flat and gypsiferous dolomitic flat, as well as a restricted platform, which can be divided into salt lake, gypsum lake, and gypsiferous lake. The reservoir can be affected by lithofacies paleogeography to some extent. Dolomitic flat and gypsiferous flat, as well as partial gypsiferous and gypsum lake are all the favorable areas for the reservoir.
引文
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[16] 王高平,王震亮,赵雪娇,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区奥陶系风化壳古地貌恢复[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):563-570.[Wang Gaoping,Wang Zhenliang,Zhao Xuejiao,et al.Palaeogeomorphology restoring of Ordovician weathering crust in Yan’an area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(4):563-570.]
[17] 张银德,周文,邓昆,等.鄂尔多斯盆地高桥构造平缓地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶古地貌特征与储层分布[J].岩石学报,2014,30(3):757-767.[Zhang Yinde,Zhou Wen,Deng Kun,et al.Palaeogeomorphology and reservoir distribution of the Ordovician karstified carbonate rocks in the structurally-gentle Gaoqiao area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2014,30(3):757-767.]
[18] 李百强.延长探区马家沟组马五段碳酸盐岩储层分布规律及主控因素[D].西安:西安石油大学,2016.[Li Baiqiang.Distribution law and main controlling factors of carbonate reservoir in Member Ma 5 of Majiagou Formation in Yanchang exploration area[D].Xi’an:Xi’an Shiyou University,2016.]
[19] 谢锦龙,吴兴宁,孙六一,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组五段岩相古地理及有利区带预测[J].海相油气地质,2013,18(4):23-32.[Xie Jinlong,Wu Xingning,Sun Liuyi,et al.Lithofacies palaeogeography and potential zone prediction of Ordovician Majiagou Member-5 in Ordos Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2013,18(4):23-32.]
[20] 白晓亮,张哨楠,丁晓琪,等.鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地奥陶系马五2段储层成岩相[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(5):25-33.[Bai Xiaoliang,Zhang Shaonan,Ding Xiaoqi,et al.Reservoir diagenetic facies of Ma52 submember in Ordovician in Daniudi area,Ordos Basin,western China[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2014,33(5):25-33.]
[21] 胡思涵.鄂尔多斯盆地古隆起东侧马家沟组中组合沉积微相及有利储层研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2014.[Hu Sihan.Study on the sedimentary microfacies and favorable reservoirs of the middle Majiagou F.m.in the east side of the central paleo-uplift,Ordos Basin[D].Chengdu:Chengdu Univerisity of Technology,2014.]
[22] Amel H,Jafarian A,Husinec A,et al.Microfacies,depositional environment and diagenetic evolution controls on the reservoir quality of the Permian Upper Dalan Formation,Kish gas field,Zagros Basin[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,67:57-71.
[23] Conliffe J,Azmy K,Greene M.Dolomitization of the Lower Ordovician Catoche Formation:Implications for hydrocarbon exploration in western Newfoundland[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012,30(1):161-173.
[24] Azomani E,Azmy K,Blamey N,et al.Origin of Lower Ordovician dolomites in eastern Laurentia:controls on porosity and implications from geochemistry[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2013,40:99-114.
[2] 冯增昭.单因素分析多因素综合作图法:定量岩相古地理重建[J].古地理学报,2004,6(1):3-19.[Feng Zengzhao.Single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method:reconstruction of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2004,6(1):3-19.]
[3] 包洪平,杨帆,白海峰,等.细分小层岩相古地理编图的沉积学研究及油气勘探意义:以鄂尔多斯地区中东部奥陶系马家沟组马五段为例[J].岩石学报,2017,33(4):1094-1106.[Bao Hongping,Yang Fan,Bai Haifeng,et al.Sedimentology study on sub-member lithofacies paleogeography mapping and its petroleum exploration significance:Taking Ma5 member of Lower Ordovician Majiagou Formation in central-eastern Ordos Basin for example[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2017,33(4):1094-1106.]
[4] 王鸿祯,徐成彦,周正国.东秦岭古海域两侧大陆边缘区的构造发展[J].地质学报,1982,56(3):270-280.[Wang Hongzhen,Xu Chengyan,Zhou Guozheng.Tectonic development of the continental margins on both sides of the paleo-Qinling marine realm[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1982,56(3):270-280.]
[5] 周鼎武,刘良,张成立,等.华北和扬子古陆块中新元古代聚合、伸展事件的比较研究[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2002,32(2):109-113.[Zhou Dingwu,Liu Liang,Zhang Chengli,et al.The comparative research on convergence and extention events of ancient North China block and Yangtze block in the Middle-Neo Proterozoic[J].Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition),2002,32(2):109-113.]
[6] 赵振宇,孙远实,李程善,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系地层划分与对比研究[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(5):9-17.[Zhao Zhenyu,Sun Yuanshi,Li Chengshan,et al.Stratigraphic division and correlation of Ordovician system in Ordos Basin[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(5):9-17.]
[7] 侯方浩,方少仙,赵敬松,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中奥陶统马家沟组沉积环境模式[J].海相油气地质,2002,7(1):38-46.[Hou Fanghao,Fang Shaoxian,Zhao Jingsong,et al.Depositional environment model of Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2002,7(1):38-46.]
[8] 熊鹰,李凌,文彩霞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部奥陶系马五1+2储层特征及成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(5):691-701.[Xiong Ying,Li Ling,Wen Caixia,et al.Characteristics and genesis of Ordovician Ma51+2 sub-member reservoir in northeastern Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2016,37(5):691-701.]
[9] 李凤杰,杜凌春,赵俊兴,等.鄂尔多斯盆地苏东地区马家沟组五段5亚段白云岩成因[J].石油学报,2016,37(3):328-338.[Li Fengjie,Du Lingchun,Zhao Junxing,et al.Dolomite genesis in member Ma55 of Majiagou Formation,Sudong area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(3):328-338.]
[10] 李文厚,陈强,李智超,等.鄂尔多斯地区早古生代岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2012,14(1):85-100.[Li Wenhou,Chen Qiang,Li Zhichao,et al.Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Early Paleozoic in Ordos area[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2012,14(1):85-100.]
[11] 吴健,胡向阳,何胜林.多矿物模型在复杂岩性地层中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(30):9018-9024.[Wu Jian,Hu Xiangyang,He Shenglin.Application of multi-mineral analysis model in complex lithology formation[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(30):9018-9024.]
[12] 贾文玉,田素月,秦勇,等.FORWARD多矿物模型在复杂岩性地层中的应用[J].测井技术,2000,24(6):460-462.[Jia Wenyu,Tian Suyue,Qin Yong,et al.Application of FORWARD multi-mineral model in complex lithological formation[J].Well Logging Technology,2000,24(6):460-462.]
[13] 杨宇,康毅力,康志宏.多矿物测井解释模型及其在砂泥岩地层测井解释中的应用[J].新疆地质,2006,24(4):441-446.[Yang Yu,Kang Yili,Kang Zhihong.Analysis of multi-mineral model in log interpretation of detrital strata[J].Xinjiang Geology,2006,24(4):441-446.]
[14] 李百强,王起琮,张小莉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中南部马家沟组马五5～马五1亚段白云岩成岩相特征及其对储层的影响[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2018,48(2):255-260,267.[Li Baiqiang,Wang Qicong,Zhang Xiaoli,et al.Characteristics of diagenetic facies and its effect on the reservoir of M55～M51 sub-members of Majiagou Formation in central-southern Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition),2018,48(2):255-260,267.]
[15] 王起琮,张阳,肖玲.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩成岩相碳、氧稳定同位素特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(5):652-658.[Wang Qicong,Zhang Yang,Xiao Ling.Carbon and oxygen stable isotopic features of diagenetic facies of Ordovician carbonate rocks in Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(5):652-658.]
[16] 王高平,王震亮,赵雪娇,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区奥陶系风化壳古地貌恢复[J].沉积学报,2013,31(4):563-570.[Wang Gaoping,Wang Zhenliang,Zhao Xuejiao,et al.Palaeogeomorphology restoring of Ordovician weathering crust in Yan’an area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(4):563-570.]
[17] 张银德,周文,邓昆,等.鄂尔多斯盆地高桥构造平缓地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶古地貌特征与储层分布[J].岩石学报,2014,30(3):757-767.[Zhang Yinde,Zhou Wen,Deng Kun,et al.Palaeogeomorphology and reservoir distribution of the Ordovician karstified carbonate rocks in the structurally-gentle Gaoqiao area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2014,30(3):757-767.]
[18] 李百强.延长探区马家沟组马五段碳酸盐岩储层分布规律及主控因素[D].西安:西安石油大学,2016.[Li Baiqiang.Distribution law and main controlling factors of carbonate reservoir in Member Ma 5 of Majiagou Formation in Yanchang exploration area[D].Xi’an:Xi’an Shiyou University,2016.]
[19] 谢锦龙,吴兴宁,孙六一,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组五段岩相古地理及有利区带预测[J].海相油气地质,2013,18(4):23-32.[Xie Jinlong,Wu Xingning,Sun Liuyi,et al.Lithofacies palaeogeography and potential zone prediction of Ordovician Majiagou Member-5 in Ordos Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2013,18(4):23-32.]
[20] 白晓亮,张哨楠,丁晓琪,等.鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地奥陶系马五2段储层成岩相[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(5):25-33.[Bai Xiaoliang,Zhang Shaonan,Ding Xiaoqi,et al.Reservoir diagenetic facies of Ma52 submember in Ordovician in Daniudi area,Ordos Basin,western China[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2014,33(5):25-33.]
[21] 胡思涵.鄂尔多斯盆地古隆起东侧马家沟组中组合沉积微相及有利储层研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2014.[Hu Sihan.Study on the sedimentary microfacies and favorable reservoirs of the middle Majiagou F.m.in the east side of the central paleo-uplift,Ordos Basin[D].Chengdu:Chengdu Univerisity of Technology,2014.]
[22] Amel H,Jafarian A,Husinec A,et al.Microfacies,depositional environment and diagenetic evolution controls on the reservoir quality of the Permian Upper Dalan Formation,Kish gas field,Zagros Basin[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,67:57-71.
[23] Conliffe J,Azmy K,Greene M.Dolomitization of the Lower Ordovician Catoche Formation:Implications for hydrocarbon exploration in western Newfoundland[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012,30(1):161-173.
[24] Azomani E,Azmy K,Blamey N,et al.Origin of Lower Ordovician dolomites in eastern Laurentia:controls on porosity and implications from geochemistry[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2013,40:99-114.
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