博格达山东北缘上二叠统沉积特征与沉积演化模式
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摘要
通过对博格达山东北缘西大龙口剖面与水西沟剖面上二叠统进行详细观察和精细测量,详细分析了地层特征与沉积相特征,建立了沉积演化模式。结果表明:博格达山东北缘上二叠统自下而上发育泉子街组、梧桐沟组与锅底坑组;泉子街组沉积期,西大龙口剖面与水西沟剖面分别发育冲积扇、曲流河,冲积扇砂砾岩体内有大量的砂岩砾石与油页岩砾石,为博格达山周缘地区中二叠统红雁池组与芦草沟组被剥蚀后在山前沉积的产物;梧桐沟组沉积期,博格达山隆升为物源区,西大龙口剖面与水西沟剖面分别发育辫状河、曲流河,辫状河砂砾岩体内火山岩砾石较多;锅底坑组沉积期,西大龙口剖面与水西沟剖面主要发育曲流河泛滥平原,以紫红色粉砂质泥岩、泥岩为主。
Through detailed outcrop observations and meticulous measurement of the Upper Permian Xidalongkou and Shuixigou profiles on the northeast periphery of Bogda Mountain, the stratigraphic and sedimentary facies characteristics of the study area were carefully analyzed, from which a sedimentary evolution model was established. The results show that, during the Upper Permian on the northeast periphery of Bogda Mountain, the Quanzijie, Wutonggou, and Guodikeng Formations developed from the bottom up. During the Quanzijie Formation deposition period, in the Xidalongkou and Shuixigou profiles, alluvial fan and meandering river sedimentary facies were developed. Inside the alluvial fan glutenite body, there is a large amount of sandstone and oil shale conglomerates, which are the product of the process whereby the Middle Permian Hongyanchi and Lucaogou Formations in the periphery of Bogda Mountain were eroded and then deposited in front of the mountain. During the Wutonggou Formation deposition period, the ancient Bogda Mountain rose up and became the main sediment source, during which, inside the Xidalongkou and Shuixigou profiles, braided river sedimentary facies and meandering river sedimentary facies were developed; more volcanic rock gravels can be found in the braided river glutenite body. During the Guodikeng Formation deposition period, the Xidalongkou and Shuixigou profiles mainly developed meandering river floodplain sedimentary facies, in which fuchsia silty mudstone and mudstone were the major depositions.
Through detailed outcrop observations and meticulous measurement of the Upper Permian Xidalongkou and Shuixigou profiles on the northeast periphery of Bogda Mountain, the stratigraphic and sedimentary facies characteristics of the study area were carefully analyzed, from which a sedimentary evolution model was established. The results show that, during the Upper Permian on the northeast periphery of Bogda Mountain, the Quanzijie, Wutonggou, and Guodikeng Formations developed from the bottom up. During the Quanzijie Formation deposition period, in the Xidalongkou and Shuixigou profiles, alluvial fan and meandering river sedimentary facies were developed. Inside the alluvial fan glutenite body, there is a large amount of sandstone and oil shale conglomerates, which are the product of the process whereby the Middle Permian Hongyanchi and Lucaogou Formations in the periphery of Bogda Mountain were eroded and then deposited in front of the mountain. During the Wutonggou Formation deposition period, the ancient Bogda Mountain rose up and became the main sediment source, during which, inside the Xidalongkou and Shuixigou profiles, braided river sedimentary facies and meandering river sedimentary facies were developed; more volcanic rock gravels can be found in the braided river glutenite body. During the Guodikeng Formation deposition period, the Xidalongkou and Shuixigou profiles mainly developed meandering river floodplain sedimentary facies, in which fuchsia silty mudstone and mudstone were the major depositions.
引文
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[7] Chen K,Lin W,Wang Q C.The Bogeda Shan uplifting:Evidence from multiple phases of deformation[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2015,99:1-12.
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[11] Yang W,Jolivet M,Dupont-Nivet G,et al.Source to sink relations between the Tian Shan and Junggar Basin (northwest China) from Late Palaeozoic to Quaternary:Evidence from detrital U-Pb zircon geochronology[J].Basin Research,2013,25(2):219-240.
[12] 王家林,吴朝东,朱文,等.准噶尔盆地南缘二叠纪—三叠纪构造—沉积环境与原型盆地演化[J].古地理学报,2016,18(4):643-660.[Wang Jialin,Wu Chaodong,Zhu Wen,et al.Tectonic-depositional environment and prototype basin evolution of the Permian-Triassic in southern Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2016,18(4):643-660.]
[13] 方世虎,贾承造,郭召杰,等.准噶尔盆地二叠纪盆地属性的再认识及其构造意义[J].地学前缘,2006,13(3):108-121.[Fang Shihu,Jia Chengzao,Guo Zhaojie,et al.New view on the Permian evolution of the Junggar Basin and its implications for tectonic evolution[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2006,13(3):108-121.]
[14] Wartes M A,Carroll A R,Greene T J.Permian sedimentary record of the Turpan-Hami basin and adjacent regions,northwest China:Constraints on postamalgamation tectonic evolution[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,2002,114(2):131-152.
[15] 李红.准噶尔盆地柴窝堡凹陷油气地质条件综合研究[D].西安:西北大学,2006.[Li Hong.Sudy on the oil and gas geology conditions in Chaiwopu Depression,Junggar Basin[D].Xi’an:North West University of China,2006.]
[16] 白斌.准噶尔南缘构造沉积演化及其控制下的基本油气地质条件[D].西安:西北大学,2008.[Bai Bin.Tectono-sedimentary evolution and its controls on basic petroleum geological condition of south margin of Junggar[D].Xi’an:North West University of China,2008.]
[17] 肖红吉.准噶尔盆地南缘和东缘二叠系高分辨层序地层研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2015.[Xiao Hongji.Study on high-resolution sequence stratigraphy of the Permian in the south and east margin of the Junggar Basin[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing),2015.]
[18] 楼章华,赵霞飞,刘志刚,等.大龙口地区仓房沟群的沉积环境及其演化[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16(1):31-38.[Lou Zhanghua,Zhao Xiafei,Liu Zhigang,et al.Sedimentary environment and its evolution of Changfanggou Group in Dalongkou region[J].Oil & Gas Geology,1995,16(1):31-38.]
[19] 程政武,吴绍祖,方晓思.新疆准噶尔南缘和吐鲁番盆地二叠纪—三叠系[J].新疆地质,1997,15(2):155-173.[Cheng Zhengwu,Wu Shaozu,Fang Xiaosi.The Permian-Triassic sequences in the southern margin of the Junggar Basin and the Turpan Basin,Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Geology,1997,15(2):155-173.]
[20] 周统顺,李佩贤,杨基端,等.中国非海相二叠—三叠系界线层型剖面研究[J].新疆地质,1997,15(3):211-216.[Zhou Tongshun,Li Peixian,Yang Jiduan,et al.Strato-type section of non-marine Permian-Triassic boundary in China[J].Xinjiang Geology,1997,15(3):211-216.]
[21] 李玮,胡健民,黎敦朋,等.新疆博格达山北缘晚古生代—中生代古水流样式转折及其构造意义[J].沉积学报,2007,25(2):283-292.[Li Wei,Hu Jianmin,Li Dunpeng,et al.Analysis of the Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic paleocurrents and it’s constructional significance of the northern Bogdashan,Xinjiang[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(2):283-292.]
[22] 陈丹丹,吉鸿杰,陶辉飞,等.准东地区阜康凹陷南部中下侏罗统沉积特征与沉积演化模式[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(11):2093-2106.[Chen Dandan,Ji Hongjie,Tao Huifei,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and evolution model of the Middle-Early Jurassic on the south of Fukang Sag in eastern Junggar Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(11):2093-2106.]
[23] 杜小弟,李锋,邱海峻,等.准东博格达山山前带二叠系芦草沟组重油的发育特征及其指示意义[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2016,46(2):368-378.[Du Xiaodi,Li Feng,Qiu Haijun,et al.Characteristics of heavy oil hosted in Permian Lucaogou Formation discovered in Bogeda Mountain of Zhunggar Basin and its importance for further exploration[J].Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),2016,46(2):368-378.
[24] 顾连兴,胡受奚,于春水,等.东天山博格达造山带石炭纪火山岩及其形成地质环境[J].岩石学报,2000,16(3):305-316.[Gu Lianxing,Hu Shouxi,Yu Chunshui,et al.Carboniferous volcanites in the Bogda orogenic belt of eastern Tianshan:Their tectonic implications[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2000,16(3):305-316.]
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