纳如松多矿集区电性结构特征及对成矿作用的约束
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摘要
为了研究西藏纳如松多矿集区的电性结构特征和对成矿作用的约束,对覆盖矿集区的大地电磁测深数据进行全面的数据处理分析,得到了可靠的二维电性结构模型.研究结果表明,分别在深度为40～50 km,20～30 km和10 km处见高导体,推测这些高导体可能为部分熔融和水流体共同所致.由于纳如松多矿集区内矿床为岩浆-热液型,深部岩浆的上涌在成矿作用中起到关键作用,所以壳内高导体可能为与成矿有关岩浆房的电性痕迹,将这些高导体连起来可能代表着深部热液向上运移的古通道.电性结构主要体现了壳内高导体与区域成矿动力作用的关系,向上运移的富矿岩浆也可能通过局部的隐伏构造运移到Pb-Zn和Fe-Cu矿床的位置,再演化形成矿体.
To understand the electrical structure in Narusongduo ore concentration district in the Tibetan Plateau and its constraints on mineralization, the magnetotellurics data in the district were carefully processed and analyzed, obtaining a reliable 2-D electrical model. The study shows that there are some conductors at depths of about 40-50 km, 20-30 km and 10 km, which may be resulted from the partial melting and aqueous fluids. As the deposits in the district belong to the magmatic-hydrothermal type, and the upwelling deep-seated magma played an important role in the mineralization, the crustal conductors may offer constraints to the ore-related magma reservoirs, and connecting these conductors also may represent the ancient ascending channels. The electrical structure indicates the relationship between the crustal conductors and the regional metallogenic dynamics in our study. The ascending ore-bearing magma also may migrate to the Pb-Zn and Fe-Cu locations by the local hidden structures, and subsequently evolved into the ore body.
To understand the electrical structure in Narusongduo ore concentration district in the Tibetan Plateau and its constraints on mineralization, the magnetotellurics data in the district were carefully processed and analyzed, obtaining a reliable 2-D electrical model. The study shows that there are some conductors at depths of about 40-50 km, 20-30 km and 10 km, which may be resulted from the partial melting and aqueous fluids. As the deposits in the district belong to the magmatic-hydrothermal type, and the upwelling deep-seated magma played an important role in the mineralization, the crustal conductors may offer constraints to the ore-related magma reservoirs, and connecting these conductors also may represent the ancient ascending channels. The electrical structure indicates the relationship between the crustal conductors and the regional metallogenic dynamics in our study. The ascending ore-bearing magma also may migrate to the Pb-Zn and Fe-Cu locations by the local hidden structures, and subsequently evolved into the ore body.
引文
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Chu,M.F.,Chung,S.L.,O'Reilly,S.Y.,et al.,2011.India's Hidden Inputs to Tibetan Orogeny Revealed by Hf Isotopes of Transhimalayan Zircons and Host Rocks.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,307(3-4):479-486.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.05.020
Groom,R.W.,Bailey,R.C.,1989.Decomposition of Magnetotelluric Impedance Tensors in the Presence of Local Three-Dimensional Galvanic Distortion.Journal of Geophysical Research,94(B2):1913-1925.
Guo,X.Y.,Li,W.H.,Gao,R.,et al.,2017.Nonuniform Subduction of the Indian Crust beneath the Himalayas.Scientific Reports,7(1):12497.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12908-0
Hou,Z.Q.,Duan,L.F.,Lu,Y.J.,et al.,2015.Lithospheric Architecture of the Lhasa Terrane and Its Control on Ore Deposits in the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen.Economic Geology,110(6):1541-1575.https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.110.6.1541
Jin,S.,2009.The Characteristic of Crust-Mantle Electrical Structure and Dynamics within Tibetan Plateau(Dissertation).China University of Geosciences,Beijing,67-80(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ledo,J.,2005.2-D versus 3-D Magnetotelluric Data Interpretation.Surveys in Geophysics,26(5):511-543.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-005-1757-8
Li,Y.X.,Li,G.M.,Xie,Y.L.,et al.,2018.Properties and Evolution Path of Ore-Forming Fluid in Qiagong Polymetallic Deposit of Middle Gangdese in Tibet,China.Earth Science,43(8):2684-2700(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liang,H.D.,Jin,S.,Wei,W.B.,et al.,2018.Lithospheric Electrical Structure of the Middle Lhasa Terrane in the South Tibetan Plateau.Tectonophysics,731-732:95-103.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2018.01.020
Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,et al.,2005.Spatial and Temporal Distribution and Characteristics of Granitoids in the Gangdese,Tibet and Implication for Crustal Growth and Evolution.Geological Journal of China Universities,11(3):281-290(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Niu,Y.L.,Dong,G.C.,et al.,2008.Contribution of Syncollisional Felsic Magmatism to Continental Crust Growth:A Case Study of the Paleogene Linzizong Volcanic Succession in Southern Tibet.Chemical Geology,250(1-4):49-67.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.02.003
Pan,G.T.,Ding,J.,Yao,D.S.,et al.,2004.Guidebook of 1∶1 500 000 Geologic Map of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau and Adjacent Areas.Cartographic Publishing House,Chengdu.
Rodi,W.,MacKie,R.L.,2001.Nonlinear Conjugate Gradients Algorithm for 2-D Magnetotelluric Inversion.Geophysics,66(1):174-187.
Sun,J.,2013.The Genetic Study of Narusongduo Lead Zinc Ore Deposit in Middle Gangdese Belt,Tibet(Dissertation).China University of Geosciences,Beijing,74-78(in Chinese with English abstract).
Swift,C.M.,1967.A Magnetotelluric Investigation of an Electrical Conductivity Anomaly in the Southwestern United States.Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge.
Tang,J.X.,Duo,J.,Liu,H.F.,et al.,2012.Minerogenetic Series of Ore Deposits in the East Part of the Gangdise Metallogenic Belt.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,33(4),393-410(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tang,J.X.,Wang,L.Q.,Zheng,W.B.,et al.,2014.Ore Deposits Metallogenic Regularity and Prospecting in the Eastern Section of the Gangdese Metallogenic Belt.Acta Geologica Sinica,88(12):2545-2555(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tang,Z.L.,Qian,Z.Z.,Jiang,C.Y.,et al.,2011.Trends of Research in Exploration of Magmatic Sulfide Deposits and Small Intrusions Metallogenic System.Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,33(1):1-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
Unsworth,M.J.,Jones,A.G.,Wei,W.,et al.,2005.Crustal Rheology of the Himalaya and Southern Tibet Inferred from Magnetotelluric Data.Nature,438(7064):78-81.https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04154
Wang,G.,Wei,W.B.,Jin,S.,et al.,2017.A Study on the Electrical Structure of Eastern Gangdese Metallogenic Belt.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,60(8):2993-3003(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wei,W.,Unsworth,M.,Jones,A.,et al.,2001.Detection of Widespread Fluids in the Tibetan Crust by Magnetotelluric Studies.Science,292(5517):716-719.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1010580
Wei,W.B.,Jin,S.,Ye,G.F.,et al.,2009.The Conductivity Structure and Rheology of the Lithosphere in the Southern Tibet:The Result of the Study of Ultra-Wide Band Magnetotelluric Sounding.Science in China(Series D),39(11):1591-1606(in Chinese).
Wessel,P.,Smith,W.H.F.,1998.New,Improved Version of Generic Mapping Tools Released.Eos,Transactions American Geophysical Union,79(47):579.
Xie,C.L.,Jin,S.,Wei,W.B.,et al.,2016.Crustal Electrical Structures and Deep Processes of the Eastern Lhasa Terrane in the South Tibetan Plateau as Revealed by Magnetotelluric Data.Tectonophysics,675:168-180.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.03.017
Xu,Q.,Zhao,J.M.,Yuan,X.H.,et al.,2015.Mapping Crustal Structure beneath Southern Tibet:Seismic Evidence for Continental Crustal Underthrusting.Gondwana Research,27(4):1487-1493.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2014.01.006
Zhang,L.T.,2017.A Review of Recent Developments in the Study of Regional Lithospheric Electrical Structure of the Asian Continent.Surveys in Geophysics,38(5):1043-1096.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-017-9424-4
Zhang,L.T.,Jin,S.,Wei,W.B.,et al.,2012.Electrical Structure of Crust and Upper Mantle beneath the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau and the Sichuan Basin.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,55(12):4126-4137(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zheng,Y.Y.,Ci,Q.,Wu,S.,et al.,2017.The Discovery and Significance of Rongga Porphyry Mo Deposit in the Bangong-Nujiang Metallogenic Belt,Tibet.Earth Science,42(9):1441-1453(in Chinese with English abstract).https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2017.109
Zheng,Y.Y.,Sun,X.,Zheng,H.T.,et al.,2012.Magma Evolution of Small Intrusion and Mineralization in Gangdese,Tibet.Northwestern Geology,45(4):165-174(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu,D.C.,Mo,X.X.,Niu,Y.L.,et al.,2009.Geochemical Investigation of Early Cretaceous Igneous Rocks along an East-West Traverse throughout the Central Lhasa Terrane,Tibet.Chemical Geology,268(3-4):298-312.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.09.008
Zhu,D.C.,Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,et al.,2010.Presence of Permian Extension-and Arc-Type Magmatism in Southern Tibet:Paleogeographic Implications.Geological Society of America Bulletin,122(7-8):979-993.
Zhu,D.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,Niu,Y.,et al.,2011.The Lhasa Terrane:Record of a Microcontinent and Its Histories of Drift and Growth.Earth&Planetary Science Letters,301(1-2):241-255.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.005
Zhu,D.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,Niu,Y.L.,et al.,2012.Cambrian Bimodal Volcanism in the Lhasa Terrane,Southern Tibet:Record of an Early Paleozoic Andean-Type Magmatic Arc in the Australian Proto-Tethyan Margin.Chemical Geology,328:290-308.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.12.024
金胜,2009.青藏高原的壳幔电性结构特征及其动力学意义(博士学位论文).北京:中国地质大学,67-80.
李应栩,李光明,谢玉玲,等,2018.西藏冈底斯中段恰功多金属矿床成矿流体性质与演化.地球科学,43(8):2684-2700.
莫宣学,董国臣,赵志丹,等,2005.西藏冈底斯带花岗岩的时空分布特征及地壳生长演化信息.高校地质学报,11(3):281-290.
孙骥,2013.冈底斯中段纳如松多铅锌矿床成因研究(硕士学位论文).北京:中国地质大学,74-78.
唐菊兴,多吉,刘鸿飞,等,2012.冈底斯成矿带东段矿床成矿系列及找矿突破的关键问题研究.地球学报,33(4):393-410.
唐菊兴,王立强,郑文宝,等,2014.冈底斯成矿带东段矿床成矿规律及找矿预测.地质学报,88(12):2545-2555.
汤中立,钱壮志,姜常义,等,2011.岩浆硫化物矿床勘查研究的趋势与小岩体成矿系统.地球科学与环境学报,33(1):1-9.
王刚,魏文博,金胜,等,2017.冈底斯成矿带东段的电性结构特征研究.地球物理学报,60(8):2993-3003.
魏文博,金胜,叶高峰,等,2009.藏南岩石圈导电性结构与流变性--超宽频带大地电磁测深研究结果.中国科学(D辑),39(11):1591-1606.
张乐天,金胜,魏文博,等,2012.青藏高原东缘及四川盆地的壳幔导电性结构研究.地球物理学报,55(12):4126-4137.
郑有业,次琼,吴松,等,2017西藏班公湖-怒江成矿带荣嘎斑岩型钼矿床的发现及意义.地球科学,42(9):1441-1453.https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2017.109
郑有业,孙祥,郑海涛,等,2012.西藏冈底斯小斑岩体演化与成矿.西北地质,45(4):165-174.
Chave,A.D.,Jones,A.G.,MacKie,R.,et al.,2012.The Magnetotelluric Method:Theory and Practice.Cambridge University Press,Cambridge.
Chu,M.F.,Chung,S.L.,O'Reilly,S.Y.,et al.,2011.India's Hidden Inputs to Tibetan Orogeny Revealed by Hf Isotopes of Transhimalayan Zircons and Host Rocks.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,307(3-4):479-486.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.05.020
Groom,R.W.,Bailey,R.C.,1989.Decomposition of Magnetotelluric Impedance Tensors in the Presence of Local Three-Dimensional Galvanic Distortion.Journal of Geophysical Research,94(B2):1913-1925.
Guo,X.Y.,Li,W.H.,Gao,R.,et al.,2017.Nonuniform Subduction of the Indian Crust beneath the Himalayas.Scientific Reports,7(1):12497.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12908-0
Hou,Z.Q.,Duan,L.F.,Lu,Y.J.,et al.,2015.Lithospheric Architecture of the Lhasa Terrane and Its Control on Ore Deposits in the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen.Economic Geology,110(6):1541-1575.https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.110.6.1541
Jin,S.,2009.The Characteristic of Crust-Mantle Electrical Structure and Dynamics within Tibetan Plateau(Dissertation).China University of Geosciences,Beijing,67-80(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ledo,J.,2005.2-D versus 3-D Magnetotelluric Data Interpretation.Surveys in Geophysics,26(5):511-543.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-005-1757-8
Li,Y.X.,Li,G.M.,Xie,Y.L.,et al.,2018.Properties and Evolution Path of Ore-Forming Fluid in Qiagong Polymetallic Deposit of Middle Gangdese in Tibet,China.Earth Science,43(8):2684-2700(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liang,H.D.,Jin,S.,Wei,W.B.,et al.,2018.Lithospheric Electrical Structure of the Middle Lhasa Terrane in the South Tibetan Plateau.Tectonophysics,731-732:95-103.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2018.01.020
Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,et al.,2005.Spatial and Temporal Distribution and Characteristics of Granitoids in the Gangdese,Tibet and Implication for Crustal Growth and Evolution.Geological Journal of China Universities,11(3):281-290(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Niu,Y.L.,Dong,G.C.,et al.,2008.Contribution of Syncollisional Felsic Magmatism to Continental Crust Growth:A Case Study of the Paleogene Linzizong Volcanic Succession in Southern Tibet.Chemical Geology,250(1-4):49-67.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.02.003
Pan,G.T.,Ding,J.,Yao,D.S.,et al.,2004.Guidebook of 1∶1 500 000 Geologic Map of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau and Adjacent Areas.Cartographic Publishing House,Chengdu.
Rodi,W.,MacKie,R.L.,2001.Nonlinear Conjugate Gradients Algorithm for 2-D Magnetotelluric Inversion.Geophysics,66(1):174-187.
Sun,J.,2013.The Genetic Study of Narusongduo Lead Zinc Ore Deposit in Middle Gangdese Belt,Tibet(Dissertation).China University of Geosciences,Beijing,74-78(in Chinese with English abstract).
Swift,C.M.,1967.A Magnetotelluric Investigation of an Electrical Conductivity Anomaly in the Southwestern United States.Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge.
Tang,J.X.,Duo,J.,Liu,H.F.,et al.,2012.Minerogenetic Series of Ore Deposits in the East Part of the Gangdise Metallogenic Belt.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,33(4),393-410(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tang,J.X.,Wang,L.Q.,Zheng,W.B.,et al.,2014.Ore Deposits Metallogenic Regularity and Prospecting in the Eastern Section of the Gangdese Metallogenic Belt.Acta Geologica Sinica,88(12):2545-2555(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tang,Z.L.,Qian,Z.Z.,Jiang,C.Y.,et al.,2011.Trends of Research in Exploration of Magmatic Sulfide Deposits and Small Intrusions Metallogenic System.Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,33(1):1-9(in Chinese with English abstract).
Unsworth,M.J.,Jones,A.G.,Wei,W.,et al.,2005.Crustal Rheology of the Himalaya and Southern Tibet Inferred from Magnetotelluric Data.Nature,438(7064):78-81.https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04154
Wang,G.,Wei,W.B.,Jin,S.,et al.,2017.A Study on the Electrical Structure of Eastern Gangdese Metallogenic Belt.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,60(8):2993-3003(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wei,W.,Unsworth,M.,Jones,A.,et al.,2001.Detection of Widespread Fluids in the Tibetan Crust by Magnetotelluric Studies.Science,292(5517):716-719.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1010580
Wei,W.B.,Jin,S.,Ye,G.F.,et al.,2009.The Conductivity Structure and Rheology of the Lithosphere in the Southern Tibet:The Result of the Study of Ultra-Wide Band Magnetotelluric Sounding.Science in China(Series D),39(11):1591-1606(in Chinese).
Wessel,P.,Smith,W.H.F.,1998.New,Improved Version of Generic Mapping Tools Released.Eos,Transactions American Geophysical Union,79(47):579.
Xie,C.L.,Jin,S.,Wei,W.B.,et al.,2016.Crustal Electrical Structures and Deep Processes of the Eastern Lhasa Terrane in the South Tibetan Plateau as Revealed by Magnetotelluric Data.Tectonophysics,675:168-180.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.03.017
Xu,Q.,Zhao,J.M.,Yuan,X.H.,et al.,2015.Mapping Crustal Structure beneath Southern Tibet:Seismic Evidence for Continental Crustal Underthrusting.Gondwana Research,27(4):1487-1493.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2014.01.006
Zhang,L.T.,2017.A Review of Recent Developments in the Study of Regional Lithospheric Electrical Structure of the Asian Continent.Surveys in Geophysics,38(5):1043-1096.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-017-9424-4
Zhang,L.T.,Jin,S.,Wei,W.B.,et al.,2012.Electrical Structure of Crust and Upper Mantle beneath the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau and the Sichuan Basin.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,55(12):4126-4137(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zheng,Y.Y.,Ci,Q.,Wu,S.,et al.,2017.The Discovery and Significance of Rongga Porphyry Mo Deposit in the Bangong-Nujiang Metallogenic Belt,Tibet.Earth Science,42(9):1441-1453(in Chinese with English abstract).https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2017.109
Zheng,Y.Y.,Sun,X.,Zheng,H.T.,et al.,2012.Magma Evolution of Small Intrusion and Mineralization in Gangdese,Tibet.Northwestern Geology,45(4):165-174(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu,D.C.,Mo,X.X.,Niu,Y.L.,et al.,2009.Geochemical Investigation of Early Cretaceous Igneous Rocks along an East-West Traverse throughout the Central Lhasa Terrane,Tibet.Chemical Geology,268(3-4):298-312.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.09.008
Zhu,D.C.,Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,et al.,2010.Presence of Permian Extension-and Arc-Type Magmatism in Southern Tibet:Paleogeographic Implications.Geological Society of America Bulletin,122(7-8):979-993.
Zhu,D.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,Niu,Y.,et al.,2011.The Lhasa Terrane:Record of a Microcontinent and Its Histories of Drift and Growth.Earth&Planetary Science Letters,301(1-2):241-255.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.005
Zhu,D.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,Niu,Y.L.,et al.,2012.Cambrian Bimodal Volcanism in the Lhasa Terrane,Southern Tibet:Record of an Early Paleozoic Andean-Type Magmatic Arc in the Australian Proto-Tethyan Margin.Chemical Geology,328:290-308.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.12.024
金胜,2009.青藏高原的壳幔电性结构特征及其动力学意义(博士学位论文).北京:中国地质大学,67-80.
李应栩,李光明,谢玉玲,等,2018.西藏冈底斯中段恰功多金属矿床成矿流体性质与演化.地球科学,43(8):2684-2700.
莫宣学,董国臣,赵志丹,等,2005.西藏冈底斯带花岗岩的时空分布特征及地壳生长演化信息.高校地质学报,11(3):281-290.
孙骥,2013.冈底斯中段纳如松多铅锌矿床成因研究(硕士学位论文).北京:中国地质大学,74-78.
唐菊兴,多吉,刘鸿飞,等,2012.冈底斯成矿带东段矿床成矿系列及找矿突破的关键问题研究.地球学报,33(4):393-410.
唐菊兴,王立强,郑文宝,等,2014.冈底斯成矿带东段矿床成矿规律及找矿预测.地质学报,88(12):2545-2555.
汤中立,钱壮志,姜常义,等,2011.岩浆硫化物矿床勘查研究的趋势与小岩体成矿系统.地球科学与环境学报,33(1):1-9.
王刚,魏文博,金胜,等,2017.冈底斯成矿带东段的电性结构特征研究.地球物理学报,60(8):2993-3003.
魏文博,金胜,叶高峰,等,2009.藏南岩石圈导电性结构与流变性--超宽频带大地电磁测深研究结果.中国科学(D辑),39(11):1591-1606.
张乐天,金胜,魏文博,等,2012.青藏高原东缘及四川盆地的壳幔导电性结构研究.地球物理学报,55(12):4126-4137.
郑有业,次琼,吴松,等,2017西藏班公湖-怒江成矿带荣嘎斑岩型钼矿床的发现及意义.地球科学,42(9):1441-1453.https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2017.109
郑有业,孙祥,郑海涛,等,2012.西藏冈底斯小斑岩体演化与成矿.西北地质,45(4):165-174.
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