基于立体摄影技术的三维照相系统获取畸形面部影像的精确性研究
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摘要
目的探究基于立体摄影技术的三维照相系统获取畸形面部影像的精确性及其影响因素。方法采用基于立体摄影技术的三维照相系统采集45个面部畸形的蜡制脸模的表面数据,测量19个面部软组织特征线距,以三坐标仪采集测量结果作为标准值,分析三维照相系统获取畸形面部影像的精确性,以及不同畸形形态与面部区域对测量结果精确性的影响。结果三维照相系统获取的特征线距的测量值与标准值具有统计学差异(P<0.001)。凸起畸形对三维照相系统的测量误差有显著性影响(P<0.05),裂隙畸形对三维照相系统的测量误差无显著性影响(P>0.05)。不同面部区域的三维照相系统测量误差有统计学差异(P<0.05)。畸形形态对三维照相系统测量偏大百分比无显著性影响(P>0.05)。中间区域与面部两侧区域的测量偏大百分比具有统计学差异(P<0.05),左侧区域与右侧区域的测量偏大百分比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论对畸形面部影像的分析,基于立体摄影技术的三维照相系统测量正畸临床常规线性项目的精确性受畸形形态与面部区域的影响,但误差在临床可接受范围内。
Objective To evaluate and analyze the accuracy of three-dimensional camera system acquisition based on stereophotography for the photographic acquisition of images of facial deformities. Methods 3 D digital models of 45 waxen facial models of patients with facial deformities were obtained via a 3 D camera system based on stereophotography. A total of 19 feature lines were measured on each 3 D model by using the software. The measurements taken by the coordinate-measuring machine were accepted as standard values. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the accuracy of the system and the corresponding factors. Results Statistical analysis results showed that the measured values of the characteristic distance obtained by 3 D camera system were statistically different from the standard values(P<0.001). Convex deformities had significant influence on the measuring error of 3 D camera system(P<0.05), while cleft deformities had no significant influence on the measuring error(P>0.05). The facial regions significantly influenced measuring error(P<0.05). The deformities had no significant influence on the percentage of measure-ment values(P>0.05). The middle facial regions had significant difference with bilateral facial regions on the percentage of measurement values(P<0.05), while the left and right facial regions had no significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusion The accuracy of 3 D camera system based on stereophotography for the photographic acquisition of facial deformities are influenced by the morphology of the facial deformities and facial regions. Moreover, the measuring error is acceptable in clinical settings.
Objective To evaluate and analyze the accuracy of three-dimensional camera system acquisition based on stereophotography for the photographic acquisition of images of facial deformities. Methods 3 D digital models of 45 waxen facial models of patients with facial deformities were obtained via a 3 D camera system based on stereophotography. A total of 19 feature lines were measured on each 3 D model by using the software. The measurements taken by the coordinate-measuring machine were accepted as standard values. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the accuracy of the system and the corresponding factors. Results Statistical analysis results showed that the measured values of the characteristic distance obtained by 3 D camera system were statistically different from the standard values(P<0.001). Convex deformities had significant influence on the measuring error of 3 D camera system(P<0.05), while cleft deformities had no significant influence on the measuring error(P>0.05). The facial regions significantly influenced measuring error(P<0.05). The deformities had no significant influence on the percentage of measure-ment values(P>0.05). The middle facial regions had significant difference with bilateral facial regions on the percentage of measurement values(P<0.05), while the left and right facial regions had no significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusion The accuracy of 3 D camera system based on stereophotography for the photographic acquisition of facial deformities are influenced by the morphology of the facial deformities and facial regions. Moreover, the measuring error is acceptable in clinical settings.
引文
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[7]吴江,高勃,赵湘辉,等.新型3D SS-STD-Ⅱ结构光三维测量系统重建牙颌模型的可靠性对比研究[J].华西口腔医学杂志, 2008, 26(4):448-451.Wu J, Gao B, Zhao XH, et al. A comparative study on the reliability of grating projection measuring system in threedimensional reconstruction of dental cast[J]. West Chin J Stomatol, 2008, 26(4):448-451.
[8]钟仁明,叶程伟,李丽琴,等.光学表面成像系统在ABC放疗患者作用探讨[J].中华放射肿瘤学杂志, 2018, 27(1):89-93.Zhong RM, Ye CW, Li LQ, et al. Analysis of utility of surface imaging system for patients who received radiotherapy with active breath control[J]. Chin J Radiat Oncol, 2018,27(1):89-93.
[9]Chen ZC, Albdour MN, Lizardo JA, et al. Precision of threedimensional stereo-photogrammetry(3dMD?)in anthropometry of the auricle and its application in microtia reconstruction.[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2015, 68(5):622-631.
[10]Hassan R, Azmi A, Yusuf A. Measurements of facial morphology in normal malay children using a stereo photogrammetry, 3dMD system[C]. New Jersey:Humana Press, 2012:237-245.
[11]Starbuck JM. Quantitative evaluation of the facial mor phology of a tolteca figurine from Mexico using geome tric mor-phometric approaches[J]. Int J Morphol, 2014, 32(2):499-509.
[12]Kouchi M, Mochimaru M. Errors in landmarking and the evaluation of the accuracy of traditional and 3D anthropometry[J]. Appl Ergon, 2011, 42(3):518-527.
[13]谢理哲,陈雅丽,高鹏程,等.三维照相系统采集单侧唇腭裂患者面部形态的精确性研究[J].东南大学学报(医学版), 2017, 36(6):995-1001.Xie LZ, Chen YL, Gao PC, et al. Research on facial morphology accuracy of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate based on three-dimensional photographic acquisition[J]. J Southeast Univ(Med Sci Ed), 2017, 36(6):995-1001.
[14]Aldridge K, Boyadjiev SA, Capone GT, et al. Precision and error of three-dimensional phenotypic measures acquired from 3dMD photogrammetric images[J]. Am J Med Genet A, 2005, 138A(3):247-253.
[15]谢瑞,白石柱,吴秦,等.基于最短曲面距离对3dMD立体摄影系统测量精度和稳定性的研究[J].临床口腔医学杂志, 2016, 32(3):138-141.Xie R, Bai SZ, Wu Q, et al. A study of mearment accuracy and repeatability of the 3dMD stereophotogrammetry system based on the shortest surface distance[J]. J Clin Stomatol,2016, 32(3):138-141.
[16]赵一姣,熊玉雪,杨慧芳,等. 3种不同原理颜面部扫描仪测量精度的评价[J].北京大学学报(医学版), 2014, 46(1):76-80.Zhao YJ, Xiong YX, Yang HF, et al. Evaluation of measurement accuracy of three facial scanners based on different scanning principles[J]. J Peking Univ(Health Sci), 2014,46(1):76-80.
[17]赵一姣,熊玉雪,杨慧芳,等. 2种三维颜面部扫描仪测量精度的定量评价[J].实用口腔医学杂志, 2016, 32(1):37-42.Zhao YJ, Xiong YX, Yang HF, et al. Quantitative evaluation of the measurement accuracy of 2 three-dimensional facial scanners[J]. J Pract Stomatol, 2016, 32(1):37-42.
[18]MuggliE,MatthewsH,Penington A,etal. Association between prenatal alcohol exposure and craniofacial shape of children at 12 months of age[J]. JAMA Pediatr, 2017,171(8):771-780.
[19]AynechiN,LarsonBE,Leon-Salazar V,etal. Accuracy and precision of a 3D anthropometric facial analysis with and without landmark labeling before image acquisition[J].Angle Orthod, 2011, 81(2):245-252.
[20]Lin SW, Sutherland K, Liao YF, et al. Three-dimensional photography for the evaluation of facial profiles in obstruc tive sleep apnoea[J]. Respirology, 2018, 23(6):618-625.
[2]Berssenbrügge P, Berlin NF, Kebeck G, et al. 2D and 3D analysis methods of facial asymmetry in comparison[J]. J Craniomaxillofac Surg, 2014, 42(6):e327-e334.
[3]薛明飞,陈宁,杜一飞.数字化三维摄影测量在口腔颌面部软组织评估中的应用[J].口腔医学, 2015, 35(12):1072-1075.Xue MF, Chen N, Du YF. Application of 3d MD in assessment of oral and maxillofacial soft tissue[J]. Stomatology,2015, 35(12):1072-1075.
[4]Schaaf H, Malik CY, Howaldt HP, et al. Evolution of photography in maxillofacial surgery:from analog to 3D photography—an overview[J]. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent, 2009,1:39-45.
[5]蒋程程,宋庆高,何苇,等. iWitness摄影测量系统在颌面部应用的可信度研究[J].华西口腔医学杂志, 2015, 33(3):296-300.Jiang CC, Song QG, He W, et al. Reliability of iWitness photogrammetry in maxillofacial application[J]. West Chin J Stomatol, 2015, 33(3):296-300.
[6]巩旭燕,崔强强,杜方翀,等.基于3d MD的西安地区汉族儿童鼻唇部三维形态测量研究[J].中国美容医学, 2018,27(1):88-92.Gong XY, Cui QQ, Du FC, et al. Three-dimensional measurement of nasolabial morphology based on 3d MD in han nationality children in xi’an area[J]. Chin J Aesthet Med,2018, 27(1):88-92.
[7]吴江,高勃,赵湘辉,等.新型3D SS-STD-Ⅱ结构光三维测量系统重建牙颌模型的可靠性对比研究[J].华西口腔医学杂志, 2008, 26(4):448-451.Wu J, Gao B, Zhao XH, et al. A comparative study on the reliability of grating projection measuring system in threedimensional reconstruction of dental cast[J]. West Chin J Stomatol, 2008, 26(4):448-451.
[8]钟仁明,叶程伟,李丽琴,等.光学表面成像系统在ABC放疗患者作用探讨[J].中华放射肿瘤学杂志, 2018, 27(1):89-93.Zhong RM, Ye CW, Li LQ, et al. Analysis of utility of surface imaging system for patients who received radiotherapy with active breath control[J]. Chin J Radiat Oncol, 2018,27(1):89-93.
[9]Chen ZC, Albdour MN, Lizardo JA, et al. Precision of threedimensional stereo-photogrammetry(3dMD?)in anthropometry of the auricle and its application in microtia reconstruction.[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2015, 68(5):622-631.
[10]Hassan R, Azmi A, Yusuf A. Measurements of facial morphology in normal malay children using a stereo photogrammetry, 3dMD system[C]. New Jersey:Humana Press, 2012:237-245.
[11]Starbuck JM. Quantitative evaluation of the facial mor phology of a tolteca figurine from Mexico using geome tric mor-phometric approaches[J]. Int J Morphol, 2014, 32(2):499-509.
[12]Kouchi M, Mochimaru M. Errors in landmarking and the evaluation of the accuracy of traditional and 3D anthropometry[J]. Appl Ergon, 2011, 42(3):518-527.
[13]谢理哲,陈雅丽,高鹏程,等.三维照相系统采集单侧唇腭裂患者面部形态的精确性研究[J].东南大学学报(医学版), 2017, 36(6):995-1001.Xie LZ, Chen YL, Gao PC, et al. Research on facial morphology accuracy of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate based on three-dimensional photographic acquisition[J]. J Southeast Univ(Med Sci Ed), 2017, 36(6):995-1001.
[14]Aldridge K, Boyadjiev SA, Capone GT, et al. Precision and error of three-dimensional phenotypic measures acquired from 3dMD photogrammetric images[J]. Am J Med Genet A, 2005, 138A(3):247-253.
[15]谢瑞,白石柱,吴秦,等.基于最短曲面距离对3dMD立体摄影系统测量精度和稳定性的研究[J].临床口腔医学杂志, 2016, 32(3):138-141.Xie R, Bai SZ, Wu Q, et al. A study of mearment accuracy and repeatability of the 3dMD stereophotogrammetry system based on the shortest surface distance[J]. J Clin Stomatol,2016, 32(3):138-141.
[16]赵一姣,熊玉雪,杨慧芳,等. 3种不同原理颜面部扫描仪测量精度的评价[J].北京大学学报(医学版), 2014, 46(1):76-80.Zhao YJ, Xiong YX, Yang HF, et al. Evaluation of measurement accuracy of three facial scanners based on different scanning principles[J]. J Peking Univ(Health Sci), 2014,46(1):76-80.
[17]赵一姣,熊玉雪,杨慧芳,等. 2种三维颜面部扫描仪测量精度的定量评价[J].实用口腔医学杂志, 2016, 32(1):37-42.Zhao YJ, Xiong YX, Yang HF, et al. Quantitative evaluation of the measurement accuracy of 2 three-dimensional facial scanners[J]. J Pract Stomatol, 2016, 32(1):37-42.
[18]MuggliE,MatthewsH,Penington A,etal. Association between prenatal alcohol exposure and craniofacial shape of children at 12 months of age[J]. JAMA Pediatr, 2017,171(8):771-780.
[19]AynechiN,LarsonBE,Leon-Salazar V,etal. Accuracy and precision of a 3D anthropometric facial analysis with and without landmark labeling before image acquisition[J].Angle Orthod, 2011, 81(2):245-252.
[20]Lin SW, Sutherland K, Liao YF, et al. Three-dimensional photography for the evaluation of facial profiles in obstruc tive sleep apnoea[J]. Respirology, 2018, 23(6):618-625.
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