2013—2017年南京市乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征
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摘要
目的对南京市乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)进行流行病学特征分析,为制定更加有效地防治对策提供科学依据。方法对2013—2017年《传染病报告信息管理系统》中报告的南京市乙肝病例进行描述流行病学特征分析。结果南京市2013—2017年共报告乙肝病例2 127例。男女性别比为1.79∶1。男女发病率差异有统计学意义(u=13.04,P<0.05)。总发病率为5.20/10万。<15岁发病率最低(0.27/10万),25～74岁为发病高峰。家务待业、农民、离退人员位列职业分布前3位。监测医院乙肝核心抗体(抗-HBc)IgM检测,标本采集率98.02%(198/202),阳性率为94.95%(188/198)。新发乙肝中,全程接种过乙肝疫苗的为2.13%(10/470),半年内有共用剃须刀、共用牙刷和共用注射器史等高危行为的分别占2.98%(14/470)、1.49%(7/470)和0.43%(2/470)。结论对重点人群开展健康教育,鼓励成年人接种乙肝疫苗,加强培训,提高病例分类准确性。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis B in Nanjing City,provide scientific evidence for formulating more effective prevention and control countermeasures.[Methods] The data of hepatitis B cases in Nanjing City from 2013-2017,which were reported by the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System,were analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method.[Results]Totally 2 127 hepatitis B cases were reported in Nanjing City from 2013-2017. The male-to-female ratio was 1.79∶1,and the difference in the incidence rate was statistically significant between sex groups(u=13.04,P<0.05). The total incidence rate was 5.20/lakh. The incidence rate was the lowest in people below 15 years old(0.27/lakh),while the incidence rate was the highest in people aged 25-74 years old. The top three occupations were unemployed or household workers,farmers and retirees. For the hepatitis B core antibody(anti-HBc) Ig M detection in monitoring hospitals,the serum acquisition rate was 98.02%(198/202) and the positive rate was 94.95%(188/198). Among new cases of hepatitis B,2.13%(10/470) had been vaccinated throughout the whole course,and 2.98%(14/470),1.49%(7/470) and 0.43%(2/470)had history of sharing shaver,sharing toothbrush,sharing syringe in the past year,respectively.[Conclusion]It is necessary to carry out the health education among key groups,encourage adults to receive the hepatitis B vaccination,strengthen training,and improve the accuracy of case classification.
[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis B in Nanjing City,provide scientific evidence for formulating more effective prevention and control countermeasures.[Methods] The data of hepatitis B cases in Nanjing City from 2013-2017,which were reported by the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System,were analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method.[Results]Totally 2 127 hepatitis B cases were reported in Nanjing City from 2013-2017. The male-to-female ratio was 1.79∶1,and the difference in the incidence rate was statistically significant between sex groups(u=13.04,P<0.05). The total incidence rate was 5.20/lakh. The incidence rate was the lowest in people below 15 years old(0.27/lakh),while the incidence rate was the highest in people aged 25-74 years old. The top three occupations were unemployed or household workers,farmers and retirees. For the hepatitis B core antibody(anti-HBc) Ig M detection in monitoring hospitals,the serum acquisition rate was 98.02%(198/202) and the positive rate was 94.95%(188/198). Among new cases of hepatitis B,2.13%(10/470) had been vaccinated throughout the whole course,and 2.98%(14/470),1.49%(7/470) and 0.43%(2/470)had history of sharing shaver,sharing toothbrush,sharing syringe in the past year,respectively.[Conclusion]It is necessary to carry out the health education among key groups,encourage adults to receive the hepatitis B vaccination,strengthen training,and improve the accuracy of case classification.
引文
[1]崔富强,庄辉.中国乙型肝炎的流行及控制进展[J].中国病毒病杂志,2018,8(4):257-264.
[2]CHANG MH,YOU SL,CHEN CJ,et al.Long-term effects of hepatitis Bimmunization of infants in preventing liver cancer[J].Gastroenterology,2016,151(3):472-480.
[3]王宇婷,黄慧瑶,秦海松,等.江苏省启东市HBV感染相关疾病的医疗费用及其影响因素分析[J].临床肝胆病杂志,2017,33(1):61-66.
[4]詹思延,叶冬青,谭红专,等.流行病学[M].7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:450-457.
[5]吕秋莹,单芙香,谢旭,等.2005-2016年深圳市乙型病毒性肝炎疫情分析与趋势预测[J].应用预防医学,2018,24(1):6-9,85.
[6]万春阁,张少白,金华英,等.陕西省安康市2005-2016年急性乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析[J].医学动物防制,2018,34(4):345-348.
[7]中华人民共和国卫生部.乙型病毒性肝炎诊断标准:WS 299-2008[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2009:2-8
[8]唐丽,胡锦流.2006-2015年江苏淮安市乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(11):1929-1931.
[9]余华,谢丹,王明强,等.2009-2015年内江市乙型病毒性肝炎报告病例流行病学分析[J].寄生虫病与感染性疾病,2017,15(3):141-144.
[10]王芬,潘洁.2005-2013年黄冈市病毒性肝炎疫情分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2015,31(12):973-976.
[11]吴小玲,胡乐.2004-2011年高州市法定传染病流行特征分析[J].预防医学论坛,2013,19(5):370-372.
[12]李阳,曹国强,张志广,等.2005-2012年滨州市乙型病毒性肝炎疫情分析[J].预防医学论坛,2014,20(3):235-236,239.
[13]赵学成,周义红,潘英姿,等.2012-2016年常州市武进区乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学分析[J].华南预防医学,2018,44(4):338-341.
[14]孙翔,刘元宝,许燕,等.2006-2015年江苏省急性乙型病毒性肝炎发病率趋势分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(12):2279-2282.
[15]陈会杰,安向东,陈叶.2017年沈阳市病毒性肝炎流行病学特征[J].职业与健康,2018,34(17):2361-2364.
[16]罗琼梅,吴学林,胡海梅,等.2004-2016年楚雄州乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(14):2521-2524.
[17]张智,朱丽君,孙迎春.2010-2017年沈阳市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(14):2513-2515.
[18]徐晓燕.2005-2015年常熟市病毒性肝炎流行病学特征[J].职业与健康,2017,33(5):642-644,648.
[19]陆明霞,杜国明.2005-2016年张家港市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(20):3655-3658.
[20]柴瑜,唐继海,苏颖,等.2009-2016年安徽省急性乙型病毒性肝炎监测分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2018,24(3):280-284.
[2]CHANG MH,YOU SL,CHEN CJ,et al.Long-term effects of hepatitis Bimmunization of infants in preventing liver cancer[J].Gastroenterology,2016,151(3):472-480.
[3]王宇婷,黄慧瑶,秦海松,等.江苏省启东市HBV感染相关疾病的医疗费用及其影响因素分析[J].临床肝胆病杂志,2017,33(1):61-66.
[4]詹思延,叶冬青,谭红专,等.流行病学[M].7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:450-457.
[5]吕秋莹,单芙香,谢旭,等.2005-2016年深圳市乙型病毒性肝炎疫情分析与趋势预测[J].应用预防医学,2018,24(1):6-9,85.
[6]万春阁,张少白,金华英,等.陕西省安康市2005-2016年急性乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析[J].医学动物防制,2018,34(4):345-348.
[7]中华人民共和国卫生部.乙型病毒性肝炎诊断标准:WS 299-2008[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2009:2-8
[8]唐丽,胡锦流.2006-2015年江苏淮安市乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(11):1929-1931.
[9]余华,谢丹,王明强,等.2009-2015年内江市乙型病毒性肝炎报告病例流行病学分析[J].寄生虫病与感染性疾病,2017,15(3):141-144.
[10]王芬,潘洁.2005-2013年黄冈市病毒性肝炎疫情分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2015,31(12):973-976.
[11]吴小玲,胡乐.2004-2011年高州市法定传染病流行特征分析[J].预防医学论坛,2013,19(5):370-372.
[12]李阳,曹国强,张志广,等.2005-2012年滨州市乙型病毒性肝炎疫情分析[J].预防医学论坛,2014,20(3):235-236,239.
[13]赵学成,周义红,潘英姿,等.2012-2016年常州市武进区乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学分析[J].华南预防医学,2018,44(4):338-341.
[14]孙翔,刘元宝,许燕,等.2006-2015年江苏省急性乙型病毒性肝炎发病率趋势分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(12):2279-2282.
[15]陈会杰,安向东,陈叶.2017年沈阳市病毒性肝炎流行病学特征[J].职业与健康,2018,34(17):2361-2364.
[16]罗琼梅,吴学林,胡海梅,等.2004-2016年楚雄州乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(14):2521-2524.
[17]张智,朱丽君,孙迎春.2010-2017年沈阳市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(14):2513-2515.
[18]徐晓燕.2005-2015年常熟市病毒性肝炎流行病学特征[J].职业与健康,2017,33(5):642-644,648.
[19]陆明霞,杜国明.2005-2016年张家港市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(20):3655-3658.
[20]柴瑜,唐继海,苏颖,等.2009-2016年安徽省急性乙型病毒性肝炎监测分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2018,24(3):280-284.
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