2014-2017年金华市居民脑血管病死亡情况分析
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摘要
目的分析2014-2017年金华市居民脑血管病死亡的流行病学特征,为制定脑血管病预防和控制措施提供科学依据。方法根据"浙江省慢性病监测信息管理系统"中2014-2017年金华市9个县(市、区)户籍死亡的监测数据,采用"浙江省死因监测数据审核软件"分析脑血管病不同性别、城市农村、不同年龄段及不同类型脑血管病死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、平均减寿年数(AYLL)和减寿率(PYLLR)等。结果 2014-2017年金华市居民脑血管病死亡率为121.14/10万,标化死亡率108.89/10万,死亡率呈高水平稳定态势,占全死因的18.74%,居全死因第2位。其中男性死亡率124.67/10万,标化死亡率112.89/10万,女性死亡率117.46/10万,标化死亡率105.09/10万,男性高于女性,城市死亡率105.78/10万,标化死亡率113.83/10万,农村死亡率123.49/10万,标化死亡率108.30/10万,城市高于农村。≥65岁老年人脑血管病死亡率高达1 000.28/10万,占全人群的88.78%。脑血管病死亡以脑出血、脑血管后遗症和脑梗死为主,占全部脑血管病死亡的86.88%。2014-2017年脑血管病潜在减寿71 184人年;以期望寿命为基准,脑血管病患者平均每人因脑血管病减寿3.07岁;按总人口计算,金华市居民平均每人因脑血管病损失3.72‰生命年。结论脑血管病是严重危害金华市居民身体健康和生活质量的重点疾病,应进一步加强针对脑血管病行为危险因素开展行为干预,提高居民生命质量。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of cerebrovascular disease mortality in Jinhua, and to provide scientific evidence for disease control and prevention. Methods The surveillance data of 9 counties recorded in Zhejiang Chronic Disease Monitoring Information Management System from 2014 to 2017 were retrieved and analyzed for the mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, potential years of life loss(PYLL) and average years of life loss of cerebrovascular diseases using Zhejiang Death Cause Monitoring Data Audit Software. Results From 2014 to 2017, the mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of cerebrovascular diseases were 121.14 and 108.89 per 100 000,accounting for 18.74% of all deaths and cerebrovascular diseases were the second cause of death.The mortality rate and standardized mortality rate were higher among males than females(124.67 vs 117.46; 112.89 vs 105.09 per 100 000; P<0.05) and were also higher among residents in urban areas than those in rural areas(113.83 vs 108.30 per 100 000).The mortality rate of cerebrovascular diseases in the elderly aged 65 years and above was as high as 1 000.28 per 100 000, accounting for 88.77% of the total death.The death of cerebrovascular disease was mainly caused by cerebral hemorrhage, cerebrovascular sequelae and cerebral infarction, accounting for 86.88% of all cerebrovascular disease deaths.From 2014 to 2017, the PYLLof patients with cerebrovascular diseases was 3.07 years, and the average years of life loss was 3.72‰ years. Conclusions Cerebrovascular disease is a major disease that endangers the health and quality of life of residents in Jinhua.Therefore,a comprehensive intervention against behavioral risk factors should be strengthened to improve the quality of life of residents.
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of cerebrovascular disease mortality in Jinhua, and to provide scientific evidence for disease control and prevention. Methods The surveillance data of 9 counties recorded in Zhejiang Chronic Disease Monitoring Information Management System from 2014 to 2017 were retrieved and analyzed for the mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, potential years of life loss(PYLL) and average years of life loss of cerebrovascular diseases using Zhejiang Death Cause Monitoring Data Audit Software. Results From 2014 to 2017, the mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of cerebrovascular diseases were 121.14 and 108.89 per 100 000,accounting for 18.74% of all deaths and cerebrovascular diseases were the second cause of death.The mortality rate and standardized mortality rate were higher among males than females(124.67 vs 117.46; 112.89 vs 105.09 per 100 000; P<0.05) and were also higher among residents in urban areas than those in rural areas(113.83 vs 108.30 per 100 000).The mortality rate of cerebrovascular diseases in the elderly aged 65 years and above was as high as 1 000.28 per 100 000, accounting for 88.77% of the total death.The death of cerebrovascular disease was mainly caused by cerebral hemorrhage, cerebrovascular sequelae and cerebral infarction, accounting for 86.88% of all cerebrovascular disease deaths.From 2014 to 2017, the PYLLof patients with cerebrovascular diseases was 3.07 years, and the average years of life loss was 3.72‰ years. Conclusions Cerebrovascular disease is a major disease that endangers the health and quality of life of residents in Jinhua.Therefore,a comprehensive intervention against behavioral risk factors should be strengthened to improve the quality of life of residents.
引文
[1] 卫生部疾病预防控制局,中华医学会神经病分会.中国脑血管病防治指南[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
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[11] 谢俊卿,信振江,杜忠仁,等.2008-2012 年北京市丰台区居民脑血管病死亡特征分析及预测[J].职业与健康,2014,30(20):2908-2911.
[12] 颜玮,朱丽萍,吴晓牧,等.江西省常住居民脑血管病流行病学调查分析[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(9):1-4.
[13] 李雪燕.2014～2016年惠州市居民心脑血管病死因监测数据分析[J].预防医学论坛,2018,24(3):178-180.
[14] 杨俊峰,梁晓峰.中国国民脑血管疾病死亡分析[J].中国公共卫生,2003,19(6):718-719.
[15] 邵永强,陈胜则,谢建妙.2010 年温州市心脑血管疾病死亡情况调查分析[J].现代实用医学,2012,24(11):1276-1277.
[16] 钱颖,娄培安,刘军.1989-2004 年徐州市区居民脑血管病死亡状况分析[J].中国公共卫生管理,2011,25(7):530-531.
[17] 朱晓云,高霞,乔国良等.1985-2011年上海市金山区居民脑血管病死亡及其所致寿命损失的趋势分析[J].职业与健康,2012,28(17):2067-2070.
[18] Walker RW,McLarty DG,Kitange HM,et al.Stroke mortality in urban and rural Tanzania.Adult Morbidity and Mortality Project[J].Lancet,2000,355(9216):1684-1687.
[2] 路静,徐玲,翟屹,等.中国1993-2008年脑血管病直接经济负担研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(11):1263-1266.
[3] 崔琮琪,谷鑫,王海东,等.2006-2010 年中国居民脑血管病死亡流行病学特征研究[J].疾病监测,2013,28(12):1007-1011.
[4] 中华人民共和国卫生部.2012 中国卫生统计年鉴[M].北京:协和医科大学出版社,2012:291-309.
[5] 陈竺.全国第三次死因回顾抽样调查报告[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2008:64-72.
[6] Appelros P,Stegmayr B,Terent A.Sex differences in stroke epidemiology:a systematic review[J].Stroke,2009,40(4):1082-1090.
[7] 薛龙星.脑卒中性别差异的比较分析[D].吉林:吉林大学,2014:1-52.
[8] 孙海欣,王文志.中国60万人群脑血管病流行病学抽样调查报告[J].中国现代神经疾病杂志,2018,18(2):83-88.
[9] 曹艳,孙晓晖,张华,等.青岛市2011-2016年心脑血管病死亡的地区特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2018,22(4):326-329.
[10] 李芳楠,吉路,陈冷眉,等.2016年江西省居民心脑血管病死亡状况及潜在减寿年数分析[J].江西医药,2018,53(2):162-164.
[11] 谢俊卿,信振江,杜忠仁,等.2008-2012 年北京市丰台区居民脑血管病死亡特征分析及预测[J].职业与健康,2014,30(20):2908-2911.
[12] 颜玮,朱丽萍,吴晓牧,等.江西省常住居民脑血管病流行病学调查分析[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(9):1-4.
[13] 李雪燕.2014～2016年惠州市居民心脑血管病死因监测数据分析[J].预防医学论坛,2018,24(3):178-180.
[14] 杨俊峰,梁晓峰.中国国民脑血管疾病死亡分析[J].中国公共卫生,2003,19(6):718-719.
[15] 邵永强,陈胜则,谢建妙.2010 年温州市心脑血管疾病死亡情况调查分析[J].现代实用医学,2012,24(11):1276-1277.
[16] 钱颖,娄培安,刘军.1989-2004 年徐州市区居民脑血管病死亡状况分析[J].中国公共卫生管理,2011,25(7):530-531.
[17] 朱晓云,高霞,乔国良等.1985-2011年上海市金山区居民脑血管病死亡及其所致寿命损失的趋势分析[J].职业与健康,2012,28(17):2067-2070.
[18] Walker RW,McLarty DG,Kitange HM,et al.Stroke mortality in urban and rural Tanzania.Adult Morbidity and Mortality Project[J].Lancet,2000,355(9216):1684-1687.
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