乳黄消口服液滋阴、扶正及祛邪功效的研究
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摘要
为探讨乳黄消口服液滋阴、扶正及祛邪的功效,本研究观察乳黄消口服液对阴虚模型大鼠临床症状、饮食量、饮水量、体重、胸腺指数、脾脏指数、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T_3)、总甲状腺素(T_4)和促甲状腺激素(TSH)含量的影响,以及对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能及对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌和副乳房链球菌抑制作用的影响。结果显示,试验组大鼠在乳黄消口服液给药后精神正常,易抓取,但被毛光泽仍较差,有脱毛现象,大便正常。与模型组相比,试验组大鼠体重(P>0.05)、胸腺指数(P>0.05)、脾脏指数(P>0.05)、TSH含量(P<0.05)上升,饮食量(P<0.05)、T_3(P<0.05)、T_4含量(P>0.05)下降,但均与阴性对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);与模型组相比,试验组大鼠饮水量显著下降(P<0.05),但仍显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。乳黄消口服液给药后高、中、低剂量组与阴性对照组间吞噬指数均差异显著(P<0.05),乳黄消口服液高、中剂量组与阴性对照组相比吞噬百分比差异显著(P<0.05);乳黄消口服液对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌及副乳房链球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为12.50、1.56、0.20和0.39 mg/mL。综上所述,乳黄消口服液可改善大鼠阴虚临床症状,增强巨噬细胞吞噬功能,抑制奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌,具滋阴、扶正和祛邪的功效,可用于奶牛乳房炎的治疗。
To explore the effects of Ru Huangxiao oral liquid on yin-nourishing, strengthening righteousness and eliminating evil spirits, this study observed the clinical symptoms,diet,water consumption, body weight, thymus index, spleen index, contents of total triiodothyronine(T_3), total thyroxine(T_4) and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) in rats with yin deficiency model and the effect of mouse macrophage phagocytosis and inhibition on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus uberis. The results showed that the rats of yin deficiency model had normal mental state and were easy to grasp after the administration of Ru Huangxiao oral liquid, but the gloss of the coat was still poor, there was hair removal and the stool was normal. Compared with model group, the body weight(P>0.05), thymus index(P>0.05), spleen index(P>0.05), TSH content(P<0.05) of the experimental group increased, the food intake(P<0.05), T_3(P<0.05) and T_4 content(P>0.05) decreased. However, the difference was not significantly different from the negative control group(P>0.05).Compared with model group, the water consumption of the rats in the experimental group significantly decreased(P<0.05), but it was still significantly higher than the negative control group(P<0.05). The phagocytic index of the high, middle and low dose groups and the negative control group were significantly different(P<0.05). The percentage of phagocytosis was significantly higher in the high-dose and middle-dose groups compared with the negative control group(P<0.05). The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of Ru Huangxiao oral liquid to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus parauberis were 12.50, 1.56, 0.20 and 0.39 mg/mL, respectively. In summary, the Ru Huangxiao oral liquid could improve the clinical symptoms of yin deficiency in rats and enhance the phagocytic function of macrophages. At the same time, it could inhibit the main pathogens of cow mastitis, and had the effects of nourishing yin, strengthening righteousness and eliminating evil spirits, it could be used for the treatment of dairy cow mastitis.
To explore the effects of Ru Huangxiao oral liquid on yin-nourishing, strengthening righteousness and eliminating evil spirits, this study observed the clinical symptoms,diet,water consumption, body weight, thymus index, spleen index, contents of total triiodothyronine(T_3), total thyroxine(T_4) and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) in rats with yin deficiency model and the effect of mouse macrophage phagocytosis and inhibition on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus uberis. The results showed that the rats of yin deficiency model had normal mental state and were easy to grasp after the administration of Ru Huangxiao oral liquid, but the gloss of the coat was still poor, there was hair removal and the stool was normal. Compared with model group, the body weight(P>0.05), thymus index(P>0.05), spleen index(P>0.05), TSH content(P<0.05) of the experimental group increased, the food intake(P<0.05), T_3(P<0.05) and T_4 content(P>0.05) decreased. However, the difference was not significantly different from the negative control group(P>0.05).Compared with model group, the water consumption of the rats in the experimental group significantly decreased(P<0.05), but it was still significantly higher than the negative control group(P<0.05). The phagocytic index of the high, middle and low dose groups and the negative control group were significantly different(P<0.05). The percentage of phagocytosis was significantly higher in the high-dose and middle-dose groups compared with the negative control group(P<0.05). The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of Ru Huangxiao oral liquid to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus parauberis were 12.50, 1.56, 0.20 and 0.39 mg/mL, respectively. In summary, the Ru Huangxiao oral liquid could improve the clinical symptoms of yin deficiency in rats and enhance the phagocytic function of macrophages. At the same time, it could inhibit the main pathogens of cow mastitis, and had the effects of nourishing yin, strengthening righteousness and eliminating evil spirits, it could be used for the treatment of dairy cow mastitis.
引文
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[8] 徐文峰,范元硕,何泽云,等.阴虚证、水肿证、阴虚水肿证中医动物模型的造模方法及评价[J].中国中医药现代远程教育,2018,16(19):51-53.XU W F,FAN Y S,HE Z Y,et al.Evaluation and modeling methods of “yin deficiency” and “edema” as well as “yin deficiency edema” in traditional Chinese medicine[J].Chinese Medicine Modern Distance Education of China,2018,16(19):51-53.(in Chinese)
[9] 乔天阳,王阿美,刘文兰.中医虚证动物模型的建立和评价[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2017,41(11):923-927.QIAO T Y,WANG A M,LIU W L.Establishment and evaluation of TCM deficiency syndrome animal model[J].Journal of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2017,41(11):923-927.(in Chinese)
[10] 金鑫.绞股蓝多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞影响的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2018.JIN X.Effect of cynostemma pentaphyllum polysacchapides on mouse reritoneal macrophages[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2018.(in Chinese)
[11] CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STANDARDS INSTITUTE.Performance standards for antimi-crobial susceptibility testing:Twenty-sixth supplement ML00S[S].Wayne,PA,USA,2016.
[12] MA F,CHEN Y,LI J,et al.Screening test for anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of traditional Chinese herbal medicines[J].World Journal of Gastroenterology,2010,16(44):5629-5634.
[13] 夏丽娜.三碘甲状腺原氨酸甲状腺素促甲状腺激素联合检验在甲状腺疾病中的临床价值[J].实用医技杂志,2018,25(5):511-513.XIA L N.Clinical value of T3,T4,TSH combined test in thyroid diseases[J].Journal of Practical Medical Techniques,2018,25(5):511-513.(in Chinese)
[14] 贾林,陆金健,周文雅,等.桔梗多糖对环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节[J].食品与机械,2012,28(3):112-114.JIA L,LU J J,ZHOU W Y,et al.Immunoregulatory effect of polysaccharides from Platycodon grandiflorum A.DC on immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide[J].Food and Machinery,2012,28(3):112-114.(in Chinese)
[15] 臧丽,李英俊,张乃生,等.奶牛乳腺的防御机制与乳腺炎病理学[J].动物医学进展,2006,27(11):33-37.ZANG L,LI Y J,ZHANG N S,et al.The defence mechanism of mammary gland and pathology of mastitis in dairy cow[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2006,27(11):33-37.(in Chinese)
[16] 王贇.奶牛乳腺炎多联疫苗的研制[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2004.WANG Y.Development of bovine mastitis multi-vaccine[D].Yangling:Northwest A & F University,2004.(in Chinese)
[17] WYNN T A,CHAWLA A,POLLARD J W.Macrophage biology in development,homeostasis and disease[J].Nature,2013,496(7446):445-455.
[18] 支馨仪,刘岩厚,高晶,等.巨噬细胞在肿瘤免疫治疗中的研究进展[J].中国免疫学杂志,2018,34(2):277-281.ZHI X Y,LIU Y H,GAO J,et al.Research progress on role of macrophages in tumor immunotherapy[J].Chinese Journal of Immunology,2018,34(2):277-281.(in Chinese)
[19] 王永科.消黄散加减治疗奶牛乳房炎[J].中兽医学杂志,2004,4:18-19.WANG Y K.Treatment of bovine mastitis with Xiao Huangsan[J].Chinese Journal of Traditional Veterinary Science,2004,4:18-19.(in Chinese)
[20] 高瑞娟,王纯洁,敖日格乐,等.16味蒙药对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌O8的体外抑菌效果研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(12):3614-3622.GAO R J,WANG C J,AORIGELE,et al.Antibacterial effects of sixteen Mongolian medicines against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O8 in vitro[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(12):3614-3622.(in Chinese)
[21] 冯平,呼凤丽,敬晓棋,等.六味中草药对奶牛乳房炎四种病原菌的体外抑菌试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017,20:198-199.FENG P,HU F L,JING X Q,et al.In vitro bacteriostasis test of six herbal medicines on four pathogenic bacteria of bovine mastitis[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2017,20:198-199.(in Chinese)
[22] 杨健,倪和民,郭勇,等.3种中药对牛乳房炎金葡菌抑菌效果的Meta分析[J].北京农学院学报,2018,33(4):72-75.YANG J,NI H M,GUO Y,et al.Meta analysis on antibacterial effects of three kinds of traditional Chinese medicines on Staphylococcus aureus[J].Journal of Beijing Agricultural College,2018,33(4):72-75.(in Chinese)
[23] 李中改,李欣,易琼,等.三种中药在治疗奶牛乳腺炎方面的效果研究[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2016,35(2):32-35.LI Z G,LI X,YI Q,et al.Research on dairy cow mastitis treatment effect of three traditional Chinese medicines[J].Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2016,35(2):32-35.(in Chinese)
[24] 任梅渗,王印,杨泽晓,等.一株副乳房链球菌的分离鉴定及生物学分析[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(5):758-762.REN M S,WANG Y,YANG Z X,et al.Isolation,identification and biological characteristics analysis of Streptococcus parauberis[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2016,28(5):758-762.(in Chinese)
[25] 李新圃,罗金印,杨峰,等.6株牛源副乳房链球菌的分离和鉴定[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(10):1710-1713.LI X P,LUO J Y,YANG F,et al.Isolation and identification of six Streptococcus parauberis from cow[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science,2016,36(10):1710-1713.(in Chinese)
[2] 孙静,冶冬阳,王旭荣,等.防治奶牛乳房炎中药组方的筛选及其抑菌杀菌作用研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(7):1990-2000.SUN J,YE D Y,WANG X R,et al.Study on screening of traditional Chinese medicine formula and its anti-bacterial effects preventing bovine mastitis[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(7):1990-2000.(in Chinese)
[3] 冶冬阳.芩红乳房灌注剂的抑菌、镇痛、抗炎作用及毒性研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.YE D Y.Study on the bacteriostasis,analgesia,anti-inflammation and toxicity of Qinhong breast perfusion agent[D].Yangling:Northwest A & F University,2017.(in Chinese)
[4] 王爽.治疗奶牛乳房炎的复方中药灌注剂的研究[D].银川:宁夏大学,2017.WANG S.Study on compound Chinese herbal medicine for treating mastitis of dairy cows[D].Yinchuan:Ningxia University,2017.(in Chinese)
[5] 白东东,李新圃,杨峰,等.中药治疗奶牛乳房炎临床效果及作用机制研究进展[J].动物医学进展,2018,39(10):91-95.BAI D D,LI X P,YANG F,et al.Progress on treatment effect and mechanism of dairy cow mastitis with traditional Chinese medicine[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2018,39(10):91-95.(in Chinese)
[6] 毛连根,刘昌铭,王冲,等.阴虚“上火”本质特征探究[J].基础医学与临床,2017,37(10):1452-1453.MAO L G,LIU C M,WANG C,et al.Inquiry into the essential characteristics of yin-deficiency and fire-excess[J].Basic Medical Sciences & Clinics,2017,37(10):1452-1453.(in Chinese)
[7] 郭敏娟.酸枣仁对阴虚大鼠焦虑行为的影响及指标成分体内分布观察[D].郑州:河南中医学院,2014.GUO M J.Study on the effect of genuine se-men ziziphi spinosae to the anxiety behavior in the yin-deficiency rats and the body distribution of major components[D].Zhengzhou:Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2014.(in Chinese)
[8] 徐文峰,范元硕,何泽云,等.阴虚证、水肿证、阴虚水肿证中医动物模型的造模方法及评价[J].中国中医药现代远程教育,2018,16(19):51-53.XU W F,FAN Y S,HE Z Y,et al.Evaluation and modeling methods of “yin deficiency” and “edema” as well as “yin deficiency edema” in traditional Chinese medicine[J].Chinese Medicine Modern Distance Education of China,2018,16(19):51-53.(in Chinese)
[9] 乔天阳,王阿美,刘文兰.中医虚证动物模型的建立和评价[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2017,41(11):923-927.QIAO T Y,WANG A M,LIU W L.Establishment and evaluation of TCM deficiency syndrome animal model[J].Journal of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2017,41(11):923-927.(in Chinese)
[10] 金鑫.绞股蓝多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞影响的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2018.JIN X.Effect of cynostemma pentaphyllum polysacchapides on mouse reritoneal macrophages[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2018.(in Chinese)
[11] CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STANDARDS INSTITUTE.Performance standards for antimi-crobial susceptibility testing:Twenty-sixth supplement ML00S[S].Wayne,PA,USA,2016.
[12] MA F,CHEN Y,LI J,et al.Screening test for anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of traditional Chinese herbal medicines[J].World Journal of Gastroenterology,2010,16(44):5629-5634.
[13] 夏丽娜.三碘甲状腺原氨酸甲状腺素促甲状腺激素联合检验在甲状腺疾病中的临床价值[J].实用医技杂志,2018,25(5):511-513.XIA L N.Clinical value of T3,T4,TSH combined test in thyroid diseases[J].Journal of Practical Medical Techniques,2018,25(5):511-513.(in Chinese)
[14] 贾林,陆金健,周文雅,等.桔梗多糖对环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节[J].食品与机械,2012,28(3):112-114.JIA L,LU J J,ZHOU W Y,et al.Immunoregulatory effect of polysaccharides from Platycodon grandiflorum A.DC on immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide[J].Food and Machinery,2012,28(3):112-114.(in Chinese)
[15] 臧丽,李英俊,张乃生,等.奶牛乳腺的防御机制与乳腺炎病理学[J].动物医学进展,2006,27(11):33-37.ZANG L,LI Y J,ZHANG N S,et al.The defence mechanism of mammary gland and pathology of mastitis in dairy cow[J].Progress in Veterinary Medicine,2006,27(11):33-37.(in Chinese)
[16] 王贇.奶牛乳腺炎多联疫苗的研制[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2004.WANG Y.Development of bovine mastitis multi-vaccine[D].Yangling:Northwest A & F University,2004.(in Chinese)
[17] WYNN T A,CHAWLA A,POLLARD J W.Macrophage biology in development,homeostasis and disease[J].Nature,2013,496(7446):445-455.
[18] 支馨仪,刘岩厚,高晶,等.巨噬细胞在肿瘤免疫治疗中的研究进展[J].中国免疫学杂志,2018,34(2):277-281.ZHI X Y,LIU Y H,GAO J,et al.Research progress on role of macrophages in tumor immunotherapy[J].Chinese Journal of Immunology,2018,34(2):277-281.(in Chinese)
[19] 王永科.消黄散加减治疗奶牛乳房炎[J].中兽医学杂志,2004,4:18-19.WANG Y K.Treatment of bovine mastitis with Xiao Huangsan[J].Chinese Journal of Traditional Veterinary Science,2004,4:18-19.(in Chinese)
[20] 高瑞娟,王纯洁,敖日格乐,等.16味蒙药对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌O8的体外抑菌效果研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(12):3614-3622.GAO R J,WANG C J,AORIGELE,et al.Antibacterial effects of sixteen Mongolian medicines against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O8 in vitro[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(12):3614-3622.(in Chinese)
[21] 冯平,呼凤丽,敬晓棋,等.六味中草药对奶牛乳房炎四种病原菌的体外抑菌试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017,20:198-199.FENG P,HU F L,JING X Q,et al.In vitro bacteriostasis test of six herbal medicines on four pathogenic bacteria of bovine mastitis[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2017,20:198-199.(in Chinese)
[22] 杨健,倪和民,郭勇,等.3种中药对牛乳房炎金葡菌抑菌效果的Meta分析[J].北京农学院学报,2018,33(4):72-75.YANG J,NI H M,GUO Y,et al.Meta analysis on antibacterial effects of three kinds of traditional Chinese medicines on Staphylococcus aureus[J].Journal of Beijing Agricultural College,2018,33(4):72-75.(in Chinese)
[23] 李中改,李欣,易琼,等.三种中药在治疗奶牛乳腺炎方面的效果研究[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2016,35(2):32-35.LI Z G,LI X,YI Q,et al.Research on dairy cow mastitis treatment effect of three traditional Chinese medicines[J].Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2016,35(2):32-35.(in Chinese)
[24] 任梅渗,王印,杨泽晓,等.一株副乳房链球菌的分离鉴定及生物学分析[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(5):758-762.REN M S,WANG Y,YANG Z X,et al.Isolation,identification and biological characteristics analysis of Streptococcus parauberis[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2016,28(5):758-762.(in Chinese)
[25] 李新圃,罗金印,杨峰,等.6株牛源副乳房链球菌的分离和鉴定[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(10):1710-1713.LI X P,LUO J Y,YANG F,et al.Isolation and identification of six Streptococcus parauberis from cow[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science,2016,36(10):1710-1713.(in Chinese)
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