基于电压灵敏度的交直流系统源网协调电压优化控制
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摘要
随着特高压直流输电在远距离、大容量功率传输方面的广泛应用,当前电网发展成为交-直流深度耦合的复杂系统,给系统电压安全控制带来了严峻挑战。基于交直流系统的电压灵敏度,计及直流系统整流侧及逆变侧换流器控制量调制,提出了交直流系统源网协调的在线电压优化控制方法,构建了以综合控制代价及电压控制偏差最小为目标的线性约束二次优化模型,能够快速求解交直流系统源网控制量的控制参考值,进行在线电压幅值偏差校正。通过对直流系统整流侧、逆变侧换流器的控制量进行优化,直流系统可充分参与交直流电网电压稳定控制。交直流混联系统的仿真结果表明了所提优化控制方法能有效协调交直流系统控制量,保证电压运行在安全范围之内。
With the widespread application of HVDC power transmission as a key channel for long-distance, large-capacity power transmission, the current grid has become a complex system with deep AC-DC coupling, posing serious challenges to voltage control problems. Based on the voltage sensitivity in the AC/DC system, considering control quantity modulation of rectifier side and inverter side converter of DC system, an optimal coordinated voltage control(CVC) method is proposed incorporating the controls of HVDC rectifier and inverter converters. In this optimal method, a linearly constrained quadratic programming(LCQP) model with the minimization of the control costs and the voltage control deviation as objective function is constructed to coordinate the control variables of AC/DC system for voltage magnitude correction. By optimizing the control variables of converter and inverter converters of HVDC systems, the potential of HVDC system participating in voltage control is developed. The simulation results of the AC/DC hybrid system show that the proposed control method can effectively coordinate the AC/DC system control variables to ensure the voltage operating within a safe range.
With the widespread application of HVDC power transmission as a key channel for long-distance, large-capacity power transmission, the current grid has become a complex system with deep AC-DC coupling, posing serious challenges to voltage control problems. Based on the voltage sensitivity in the AC/DC system, considering control quantity modulation of rectifier side and inverter side converter of DC system, an optimal coordinated voltage control(CVC) method is proposed incorporating the controls of HVDC rectifier and inverter converters. In this optimal method, a linearly constrained quadratic programming(LCQP) model with the minimization of the control costs and the voltage control deviation as objective function is constructed to coordinate the control variables of AC/DC system for voltage magnitude correction. By optimizing the control variables of converter and inverter converters of HVDC systems, the potential of HVDC system participating in voltage control is developed. The simulation results of the AC/DC hybrid system show that the proposed control method can effectively coordinate the AC/DC system control variables to ensure the voltage operating within a safe range.
引文
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[15] NIE Y, DU Z, LI J. AC-DC optimal reactive power flow model via predictor-corrector primal-dual interior-point method[J]. IET Generation, Transmission&Distribution.2013,7(4):382-390.
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[17]黄俊辉,汪惟源,王海潜,等.基于模拟退火遗传算法的交直流系统无功优化与电压控制研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016, 44(10):37-43.HUANG Junhui, WANG Huaiyuan, WANG Haiqian, et al. Study of hybrid algorithm and annealing algorithm on reactive power optimization and voltage control in AC/DC transmission system[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2016, 44(10):37-43.
[18]黄振琳,管琳,何楚瑶,等.南方电网直流暂态稳定控制策略的设计与实现[J].中国电机工程学报,2016, 36(22):6131-6139.HUANG Zhenlin, GUAN Lin, HE Chuyao, et al.Designing and realization of the HVDC transient stability control strategy in CSPG[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016, 36(22):6131-6139.
[19]张步涵,陈龙,李皇,等.利用直流功率调制増强特高压交流互联系统稳定性[J].高电压技术,2010, 36(1):116-121.ZHANG Buhan, CHEN Long, LI Huang, et al. Improving the stability of UHV AC interconnected system by the DC power modulation[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2010, 36(1):116-121.
[20]荆勇,洪潮,杨晋柏,等.直流调制抑制南方电网区域功率振荡的研究[J].电网技术,2005, 29(20):53-56.JING Yong, HONG Chao, YANG Jinbai, et al.Suppression of inter-area power oscillation in Southern China Power Grid by HVDC modulation[J]. Power System Technology, 2005, 29(20):53-56.
[21]吴华坚,王渝红,李兴源,等.基于综合性能指标的交直流混合系统直流调制研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010, 38(22):68-73.WU Huajian, WANG Yuhong, LI Xingyuan, et al. Study on DC modulation for AC/DC hybrid transmission system based on comprehensive performance index[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2010, 38(22):68-73.
[22]刘崇茹,张伯明.交直流混合输电系统灵敏度分析[J].电力系统自动化,2007, 31(12):45-49.LIU Chongru, ZHANG Boming. A sensitivity analysis for AC/DC hybrid power systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2007, 31(12):45-49.
[23]周双喜.电力系统电压稳定性及其控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[24] CUSTEM T V, PAPANGELIS L. Description, modeling and simulation results of a test system for voltage stability analysis[D]. University De Liege, 2014.
[2]贺春,吴东,孙广涛.特高压直流控制保护系统设计与开发[J].电子设计工程,2017, 25(17):50-53.HE Chun, WU Dong, SUN Guangtao. HVDC control and protection system design and development[J]. Electronic Design Engineering, 2017, 25(17):50-53.
[3]刘振亚,秦晓辉,赵良,等.特高压直流分层接人方式在多馈人直流电网的应用研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013, 33(10):1-7.LIU Zhenya, QIN Xiaohui, ZHAO Liang, et al. Study on the application of UHVDC hierarchical connection mode to multi-infeed HVDC system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013, 33(10):1-7.
[4]林伟芳,汤涌,卜广全.多馈人交直流系统电压稳定性研究[J].电网技术,2008, 32(11):7-12.LIN Weifang, TANG Yong, BU Guangquan. Study on voltage stability of multi-infeed HVDC power transmission system[J]. Power System Technology, 2008, 32(11):7-12.
[5]李明节.大规模特高压交直流混联电网特性分析与运行控制[J].电网技术,2016, 40(4):985-991.LI Mingjie. Characteristic analysis and operational control of large-scale hybrid UHV AC/DC power grids[J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(4):985-991.
[6]黄娟娟,王巍,洪潮,等.南方电网2020年无功补偿配置原则研究[J].广东电力,2016, 29(7):53-58.HUANG Juanjuan, WANG Wei, HONG Chao, et al.Research reactive power compensation and configuration principles of CSC in 2020[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2016, 29(7):53-58.
[7] GRANVILLE S, MELLO J C O, MELO A C G.Application of interior point methods to power flow unsolvability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1996, 11(2):1096-1103.
[8] WANG X, EJEBE G, TONG J, et al. Preventive/corrective control for voltage stability using direct interior point method[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1998, 13(3):878-883.
[9]钱科军,袁越,文学鸿.基于原-对偶内点法的复杂电力系统电压崩溃校正控制[J].电网技术,2007, 31(21):27-31.QIAN Kejun, YUAN Yue, WEN Xuehong. Corrective control for voltage collapse of complex power system based on primal-dual interior point method[J]. Power System Technology, 2007, 31(21):27-31.
[10] FENG Z, AJJARAPU V, MARATUKKULAM D J. A comprehensive approach for preventive and corrective control to mitigate voltage collapse[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2000, 3(2):791-798.
[11]李卫星,牟晓明,孙勇.基于解析灵敏度的低压切负荷优化控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013, 33(28):67-73.LI Weixing, MOU Xiaoming, SUN Yong. An undervoltage load shedding method based on analytical sensitivity[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(28):67-73.
[12]姜新凡,严庆伟,周帆,等.基于实时灵敏度分析的湖南电网武功电压优化控制系统[J].电网技术,2004, 28(16):82-89.JIANG Xinfan, YAN Qingwei, ZHOU Fan, et al. Optimal automatic voltage control system for human provincialpower system based on real-time sensitivity analysis[J].Power System Technology, 2004, 28(16):82-89.
[13]代飞,崔挺,徐箭,等.基于综合灵敏度分析的电压校正控制[J].电力自动化设备,2011, 31(12):15-20.DAI Fei, CUI Ting, XU Jian, et al. Voltage correction control based on comprehensive sensitivity analysis[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2011, 31(12):15-20.
[14]户秀琼,颜伟,余娟,等.交直流系统的静态电压稳定预防控制[J].电力自动化设备,2013, 33(1):35-39.HU Xiuqiong, YAN Wei, YU Juan, et al. Preventive control of static voltage stability for AC/DC power system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2013, 33(1):35-39.
[15] NIE Y, DU Z, LI J. AC-DC optimal reactive power flow model via predictor-corrector primal-dual interior-point method[J]. IET Generation, Transmission&Distribution.2013,7(4):382-390.
[16] THUKARAM D. JENKINS L, VISAKHA K. Optimum allocation of reactive power for voltage stability improvement in AC-DC power systems[J]. IEE Proceedings-Generation, Transmission and Distribution,2006, 153(2):237-246.
[17]黄俊辉,汪惟源,王海潜,等.基于模拟退火遗传算法的交直流系统无功优化与电压控制研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016, 44(10):37-43.HUANG Junhui, WANG Huaiyuan, WANG Haiqian, et al. Study of hybrid algorithm and annealing algorithm on reactive power optimization and voltage control in AC/DC transmission system[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2016, 44(10):37-43.
[18]黄振琳,管琳,何楚瑶,等.南方电网直流暂态稳定控制策略的设计与实现[J].中国电机工程学报,2016, 36(22):6131-6139.HUANG Zhenlin, GUAN Lin, HE Chuyao, et al.Designing and realization of the HVDC transient stability control strategy in CSPG[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016, 36(22):6131-6139.
[19]张步涵,陈龙,李皇,等.利用直流功率调制増强特高压交流互联系统稳定性[J].高电压技术,2010, 36(1):116-121.ZHANG Buhan, CHEN Long, LI Huang, et al. Improving the stability of UHV AC interconnected system by the DC power modulation[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2010, 36(1):116-121.
[20]荆勇,洪潮,杨晋柏,等.直流调制抑制南方电网区域功率振荡的研究[J].电网技术,2005, 29(20):53-56.JING Yong, HONG Chao, YANG Jinbai, et al.Suppression of inter-area power oscillation in Southern China Power Grid by HVDC modulation[J]. Power System Technology, 2005, 29(20):53-56.
[21]吴华坚,王渝红,李兴源,等.基于综合性能指标的交直流混合系统直流调制研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010, 38(22):68-73.WU Huajian, WANG Yuhong, LI Xingyuan, et al. Study on DC modulation for AC/DC hybrid transmission system based on comprehensive performance index[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2010, 38(22):68-73.
[22]刘崇茹,张伯明.交直流混合输电系统灵敏度分析[J].电力系统自动化,2007, 31(12):45-49.LIU Chongru, ZHANG Boming. A sensitivity analysis for AC/DC hybrid power systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2007, 31(12):45-49.
[23]周双喜.电力系统电压稳定性及其控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[24] CUSTEM T V, PAPANGELIS L. Description, modeling and simulation results of a test system for voltage stability analysis[D]. University De Liege, 2014.
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