空调房间温湿度PID解耦控制系统的仿真研究
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摘要
针对空调房间具有的较大时滞、较大惯性等动态特性,以及其温湿度调节通道之间存在强耦合效应的特点。综合空调工艺、PID和解耦的自动控制技术,本文提出了适用于空调房间的温湿度PID解耦控制系统。基于MATLAB对该温湿度PID解耦系统进行组态和数值仿真。结果表明,该温湿度PID解耦系统在理论上是可行的。对比温湿度PID无解耦控制系统和传统Ziegler-Nichols整定法下PID控制器,基于PCTT矩阵算法的温湿度PID解耦控制系统不但消除了温、湿度调节通道之间存在的相互影响,且其控制性能指标更好。
For air-conditioning systems having dynamics of large time-delay and inertia together with strong coupling between the regulation of temperature and relative humidity, and so on, a PID decoupling control system is proposed in this paper by synthesizing the air-conditioning processing and the technologies of PID and the decoupling control method. this PID decoupling control system for temperature and relative humidity in an air-conditioning room is configured and its numerical simulation is carried out via MATLAB software. The results show that the proposed PID decoupling control system using the PCTT matrix method is feasible in theory. Compared with the traditional multi-loop PID control system based on the Ziegler-Nichols setting method, for the temperature and relative humidity of the same plant, the proposed PID decoupling control system using the PCTT matrix method can eliminate the mutual influence existing in the adjustment channels between temperature and relative humidity and its control performance is better than that of the non-decoupling PID control system.
For air-conditioning systems having dynamics of large time-delay and inertia together with strong coupling between the regulation of temperature and relative humidity, and so on, a PID decoupling control system is proposed in this paper by synthesizing the air-conditioning processing and the technologies of PID and the decoupling control method. this PID decoupling control system for temperature and relative humidity in an air-conditioning room is configured and its numerical simulation is carried out via MATLAB software. The results show that the proposed PID decoupling control system using the PCTT matrix method is feasible in theory. Compared with the traditional multi-loop PID control system based on the Ziegler-Nichols setting method, for the temperature and relative humidity of the same plant, the proposed PID decoupling control system using the PCTT matrix method can eliminate the mutual influence existing in the adjustment channels between temperature and relative humidity and its control performance is better than that of the non-decoupling PID control system.
引文
[1]杨婉,王奇,冯光灿.实时专家控制系统在中央空调中的应用[J].制冷与空调,2010,24(2):65-67.Yang W,Wang Q,Feng G C.Application of real-time expert control system in the central air-condition system[J].Refrigeration and Air Conditioning,2010,24(2):65-67.
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[11]闫秀联,任庆昌,闫秀英.基于PLS负荷预测的空调系统的控制[J].控制工程,2016,23(6):905-910.Yan X L,Ren Q C,Yan X Y.Air-conditioning system control based on PLS load forecasting[J].Control Engineering of China.2016,23(6):905-910.
[12]刘涛,张卫东,顾诞英.多变量时滞过程的解耦控制设计[J].自动化学报.2005,31(6):881-889.Liu T,Zhang W D,Gu D Y.Decoupling control design for multivariable processes with time delays[J].Acta Automatica Sinica.2005,31(6):881-889.
[13]刘涛,张卫东,欧林林,双输入输出时滞过程解耦控制的解析设计[J].控制理论与应用.2006,23(1):31-37.Liu T,Zhang W D,Ou L L.Analytical design of decoupling control for two-input two-output processes with time delays[J].Control Theory&Applications.2006,23(1):31-37.
[14]Liu T,Zhang W D,Gu,D Y.Analytical multiloop PI/PID controller design for two-by-two processes with time delays[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2005,44(6),1832-1841.
[15]Liu T,Zhang W D,Gao F R.Analytical two-degrees-of-freedom(2-DOF)decoupling control scheme for multiple-input-multipleoutput(MIMO)processes with time delays[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2007,46(20):6546-6557.
[16]李玉云,李绍勇,王秋庭.自动控制原理与CAI教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2010,255-256.Li Y Y,Li S Y,Wang Q T,et al.Automatic Control Principle and CAITutorial[M].Beijing:China Mechine Press,2010,255-256.
[17]赵志达,李绍勇.空气处理机组的分数阶PID控制研究[J].制冷与空调,2013,27(2):162-165.Zhao Z D,Li S Y.The Research of Fractional Order PIλDμControl for Air Handling Unit[J].Refrigeration&Air Conditioning,2013,27(2):162-165.
[18]Chu C M,Jong T L,Hung Y W.A study of thermal comfort control using least enthalpy estimator on HVAC system[C].In:Proceedings of the 2005 American Control Conference,USA,2005,3665-3670.
[19]Mudi R K,Pal N R.A robust self-tuning scheme for PI type fuzzy controllers[J].IEEE Transaction on Fuzzy Systems,1999,7(1):2-16.
[20]Liu T,Zhang W D,Gu D Y.Analytical design of decoupling internal model control(IMC)scheme for two-input-two-output(TITO)processes with time delays[J].Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.,2006,45(9):3149-3160.
[21]Liu T,Zhang W D,Gao F R.Analytical decoupling control strategy using a unity feedback control structure for MIMO processes with time delays[J].Journal of Process Control,2007,17(2):173-186.
[2]张鹏.自校正PID及其在加弹机温控器中的应用研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2002:34-38.Zhang P.Self-tuning PID control and its application in heating system of crimper machine[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2002:34-38.
[3]R.Whalley,A.Abdul-Ameer.Heating,ventilation and air conditioning system modeling[J].Building and Environment,2011,46:643-656.
[4]尚辉.某检察院中央空调温湿度模糊解耦控制[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2009,7-13.Shang H.Study on Fuzzy Decoupling control of temperature and humidity of air conditioning system for a procuracy[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,2009,7-13.
[5]赵荣义,范存养,薛殿华,等.空气调节[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008,66-71.Zhao R Y,Fan C Y,Xue N H,et al.Air conditioning[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2008,66-71.
[6]王亚峰,李绍勇.空调房间温度模糊分数阶PID控制器设计及其性能分析[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2014,43-47.Wang Y F,Li S Y.Design of a Fuzzy Fractional Order PID Controller for Temperature in a Air-Conditioning Room and Its Performance Analysis[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology,2014,43-47.
[7]Singh G,Zaheer M,Patel R V.Adaptive control of multivariable thermal process in HVAC systems[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2000,45:1671-1685.
[8]王锦标.计算机控制系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004,50-53.Wang J B.Computer control system[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2004,50-53.
[9]邵裕森.过程控制及仪表[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2000,219-234.Shao Y S.Guo Cheng Kong Zhi Ji Yi Biao[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press,2000,219-234.
[10]马利英,任庆昌.洁净空调自控系统温湿度解耦控制研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2008,35-41.Ma L Y,Ren Q C.Study on temperature and humidity decoupling control for CC&AC control system[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,2008,35-41.
[11]闫秀联,任庆昌,闫秀英.基于PLS负荷预测的空调系统的控制[J].控制工程,2016,23(6):905-910.Yan X L,Ren Q C,Yan X Y.Air-conditioning system control based on PLS load forecasting[J].Control Engineering of China.2016,23(6):905-910.
[12]刘涛,张卫东,顾诞英.多变量时滞过程的解耦控制设计[J].自动化学报.2005,31(6):881-889.Liu T,Zhang W D,Gu D Y.Decoupling control design for multivariable processes with time delays[J].Acta Automatica Sinica.2005,31(6):881-889.
[13]刘涛,张卫东,欧林林,双输入输出时滞过程解耦控制的解析设计[J].控制理论与应用.2006,23(1):31-37.Liu T,Zhang W D,Ou L L.Analytical design of decoupling control for two-input two-output processes with time delays[J].Control Theory&Applications.2006,23(1):31-37.
[14]Liu T,Zhang W D,Gu,D Y.Analytical multiloop PI/PID controller design for two-by-two processes with time delays[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2005,44(6),1832-1841.
[15]Liu T,Zhang W D,Gao F R.Analytical two-degrees-of-freedom(2-DOF)decoupling control scheme for multiple-input-multipleoutput(MIMO)processes with time delays[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2007,46(20):6546-6557.
[16]李玉云,李绍勇,王秋庭.自动控制原理与CAI教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2010,255-256.Li Y Y,Li S Y,Wang Q T,et al.Automatic Control Principle and CAITutorial[M].Beijing:China Mechine Press,2010,255-256.
[17]赵志达,李绍勇.空气处理机组的分数阶PID控制研究[J].制冷与空调,2013,27(2):162-165.Zhao Z D,Li S Y.The Research of Fractional Order PIλDμControl for Air Handling Unit[J].Refrigeration&Air Conditioning,2013,27(2):162-165.
[18]Chu C M,Jong T L,Hung Y W.A study of thermal comfort control using least enthalpy estimator on HVAC system[C].In:Proceedings of the 2005 American Control Conference,USA,2005,3665-3670.
[19]Mudi R K,Pal N R.A robust self-tuning scheme for PI type fuzzy controllers[J].IEEE Transaction on Fuzzy Systems,1999,7(1):2-16.
[20]Liu T,Zhang W D,Gu D Y.Analytical design of decoupling internal model control(IMC)scheme for two-input-two-output(TITO)processes with time delays[J].Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.,2006,45(9):3149-3160.
[21]Liu T,Zhang W D,Gao F R.Analytical decoupling control strategy using a unity feedback control structure for MIMO processes with time delays[J].Journal of Process Control,2007,17(2):173-186.
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