前车干扰对ETC系统传播损耗的影响
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摘要
车载通信系统通过车-车、车-路通信将人、车、路及环境有机结合,提高了交通系统的安全和效率。电子不停车收费系统(ETC)作为车-路通信的典型应用,在国内外得到广泛运用。目前,单车道有障碍应用模式ETC道路通行效率较低,为提高车辆通行效率,出现了多车道自由流(MLFF)模式,多台车辆可同时进入同一收费区域,自前车可能干扰后车通信。通过射线跟踪技术和一致性绕射理论,讨论了MLFF模式中路侧单元(RSU)→轿车→轿车情形下的前车干扰路径传播损耗模型,其次在仿真环境下分析了RSU与车载标签单元(OBU)距离以及OBU与前车距离的变化对传播损耗的影响,最后进行了现场测试,测试结果表明,所提出的路径损耗模型是有效的。
The vehicle communication system improving the safety and efficiency of the transportation system by combining people,vehicles,roads and environment through vehicle-vehicle and vehicle-road communication. The electronic toll collection( ETC) as a typical application of ITS is widely used in highway toll collection system in many countries. Now the traffic efficiency of single-lane barrier mode for ETC road is low,for improving vehicle traffic efficiency,a multi-lane free-flow( MLFF) mode occurs. Multiple vehicles can enter the same toll area at the same time,and the preceding vehicle may interfere with the after-vehicle communication. In this paper,it mainly discussed the propagation loss of the case that RSU→ cars→ cars based on ray-tracing and uniform theory of diffraction( UTD). Then,analyzed the propagation loss with the change of the distance between RSU and OBU and the distance between the front car and OBU for four kind of propagation loss models in simulation environment. The results of simulation and experiment are indicated that the validity of the propagation loss models it proposed.
The vehicle communication system improving the safety and efficiency of the transportation system by combining people,vehicles,roads and environment through vehicle-vehicle and vehicle-road communication. The electronic toll collection( ETC) as a typical application of ITS is widely used in highway toll collection system in many countries. Now the traffic efficiency of single-lane barrier mode for ETC road is low,for improving vehicle traffic efficiency,a multi-lane free-flow( MLFF) mode occurs. Multiple vehicles can enter the same toll area at the same time,and the preceding vehicle may interfere with the after-vehicle communication. In this paper,it mainly discussed the propagation loss of the case that RSU→ cars→ cars based on ray-tracing and uniform theory of diffraction( UTD). Then,analyzed the propagation loss with the change of the distance between RSU and OBU and the distance between the front car and OBU for four kind of propagation loss models in simulation environment. The results of simulation and experiment are indicated that the validity of the propagation loss models it proposed.
引文
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[16]孙责,张青林,郑昱津,等.车辆运行数据实时采集系统的设计及实现[J].电子测量技术,2018,41(15):123-127.SUN Z,ZHANG Q L,ZHENG Y J,et al.Design and implementation of vehicle operation data real-time acquisition system[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2018,41(15):123-127.
[2]范佳兴,李兵,何怡刚,等.ETC系统信道传播损耗评估方法研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2015,29(8):1164-1170.3FAN J X,LI B,HE Y G,et al.Evaluation method for propagation loss of ETC system[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation,2015,29(8):1164-1170.
[3]ZHANG M J,LIU R F,ZHANG Y Z,et al.A fully integrated RSSI and an ultra-low power SAR ADC for5.8 GHz DSRC ETC transceiver[J].International Journal of Electronics and Communications,2018(86):154-163.
[4]佘开,何怡刚,李兵,等.基于场景几何特征的ETC识别范围预测方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2017,38(2):295-303.6SHE K,HE Y G,LI B,et al.Prediction method of identification zone for ETC based on scenario geometric features[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2017,38(2):295-303.
[5]张浩,彭晨,孙洪涛.多路径的无线网络控制系统镇定性研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2016,30(11):1627-1634.8ZHANG H,PENG C,SUN H T.Stabilization study of multi-path wireless network control system[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2016,30(11):1627-1634.
[6]李广宇,郭爱煌,尚秀辉,等.车载通信系统无线电磁特性的研究[J].电子测量技术,2010,33(7):34-39.LI G Y,GUO AI H,SHANG X H,et al.Research on wireless electromagnetic characteristics of vehicle communication system[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2010,33(7):34-39.
[7]SHEID W Y,HSU C C J,WANG T H.A problem of infrared electronic-toll-collection systems:The irregularity of LED radiation pattern and emitter design[J].IEEETransactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2011,12(1):152-163.
[8]MILANES V,VILLAGRA J,GODOY J,et al.An intelligent V2I-based traffic management system[J].IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2012,13(1):49-58.
[9]VIRIVASITAVAT W,BOBAN M,TSAI H M,et al.Vehicular communications:Survey and challenges of channel and propagation models[J].IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine,2015,10(2):55-56.
[10]PETROV V,KOKKONIEMI J,MOLTCHANOV D,et al.The impact of interference from the side lanes on mm wave/THz band V2V communication systems with directional antennas[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2018,67(6):5028-5041.
[11]NILSSON G M,GUSTAFSON C,ABBAS T,et al.Ameasurement-based multilink shadowing model for V2Vnetwork simulations of highway scenarios[J].IEEETransactions on Vehicular Technology,2017,66(10):8632-8643.
[12]WANG H H,RAPPAPORT T S.A parametric formulation of the UTD diffraction coefficient for realtime propagation prediction modeling[J].IEEEAntennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2015,(4):253-257.
[13]陈柯,何婷婷.射频识别(RFID)系统架构技术兼顾计量精度和定制灵活性[J].国外电子测量技术,2014,33(4):12-14.CHEN K,HE T T.Radio frequency identification system architecture technology with measuring accuracy and flexibility[J].Foreign Electronic measurement Technology,2014,34(4):12-14.
[14]COLELLA R,CATARINUCCI L,COPPOLA P,et al.Measurement platform for electromagnetic characterization and performance evaluation of UHF RFID tags[J].IEEETransactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2016,65(4):905-914.
[15]费东旭,文王俊.基于Lab VIEW的超高频RFID读写器测试系统软件设[J].现代电子技术,2012,35(8):127-128,131.FEI D X,WEN W J.Design of Lab VIEW-based test system software for UHF RFID reader-writer[J].Modern Electronics Technique,2012,35(8):127-128,131.
[16]孙责,张青林,郑昱津,等.车辆运行数据实时采集系统的设计及实现[J].电子测量技术,2018,41(15):123-127.SUN Z,ZHANG Q L,ZHENG Y J,et al.Design and implementation of vehicle operation data real-time acquisition system[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2018,41(15):123-127.
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