“一带一路”背景下我国对外石油投资探析
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摘要
在我国企业对"一带一路"沿线国家的投资中,石油一直是一个重要的领域。我国石油企业的主体是国有企业,其对外石油投资具有一定的特殊性和复杂性。在我国石油企业的对外投资中,就驱动因素而言,既有企业的内在需要,又有国家的政治需要,国家利益与企业利益存在一致性;在区位选择时,资源国石油储量的丰裕程度和品位优劣是首要的影响因素,同时当地的政治社会环境也是重要的考量因素;在布局过程中,我国石油企业要接受政府的引导,且其所有权优势、区位优势、内部化优势的形成也离不开政策支持。我国石油企业要充分利用这些优势,积极扩大与"一带一路"沿线国家的石油投资合作,在实现企业利益的过程中促进国家利益和企业利益的耦合。
Oil has always been a key sector in the investment of China's enterprises in countries along the Belt and Road.China's petroleum industry is led by the major state-owned oil companies and their foreign investment is of complexity and uniqueness. Foreign investment of China's petroleum enterprises is driven by both enterprises' inner demands and the national political need as national and enterprises' interests overlap. The primary factor influencing corporates' choice of investment lies in the abundance and quality of oil reserves in the targeted countries. And they also take local political and social environment into consideration. The advantages of the oil enterprises in ownership,location and the internalization depend on government's guidance,service and support. Therefore,the petroleum enterprises should make full use of those advantages to expand oil investment cooperation with the countries along the route and achieve the integration of national and corporate interests.
Oil has always been a key sector in the investment of China's enterprises in countries along the Belt and Road.China's petroleum industry is led by the major state-owned oil companies and their foreign investment is of complexity and uniqueness. Foreign investment of China's petroleum enterprises is driven by both enterprises' inner demands and the national political need as national and enterprises' interests overlap. The primary factor influencing corporates' choice of investment lies in the abundance and quality of oil reserves in the targeted countries. And they also take local political and social environment into consideration. The advantages of the oil enterprises in ownership,location and the internalization depend on government's guidance,service and support. Therefore,the petroleum enterprises should make full use of those advantages to expand oil investment cooperation with the countries along the route and achieve the integration of national and corporate interests.
引文
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[15] Dunning J H. Multinational enterprise and global economy[M]. Mass:Addison-Wesley, 1992:19-22.
[16] Buckley P J, Jeremy Clegg, Adam R Cross, et.al. The determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investment[J]. Journal of International Business Studies, 2007,38(4):499-518.
[17]李旭.国际经济合作[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:57.
[18]王敏,惠宁.构建石油企业国际竞争力评价指标的探索[J].西南石油大学学报(社会科学版),2016(4):1-7.
[19]丁苗,谢光亚.中国石油企业国际竞争力评价[J].经济问题探索,2008(11):93-99.
[20]惠宁,周晓唯.中国企业对外直接投资区位选择及其决策研究[J].兰州文理学院学报(社会科学版),2018(4):70-75.
(1)作者根据《BP 世界能源年鉴》和《中国能源统计年鉴》数据整理计算所得。
[2] Buckley P J, Casson M. The future of the multinational enterprise[M]. London:Macmillan, 1976:66-84.
[3] Dunning J H. Trade, location of economic activity and the multinational enterprise:a search for eclectic approach[M]. London:Macmillan, 1977:108.
[4] Louis T Wells. Third world multinationals:the rise of foreign investment from developing countries[M]. Cambridge:MIT Press, 1983:19-53, 141.
[5] Lall, Sanjaya. Determinants of R&D in an LDC:the Indian engineering industry[J]. Economics Letters, 1983(13):379-383.
[6] Cantwell J. Technological innovation and multinational corporations[M]. Oxford:Basil Blackwel, 1989:119-144.
[7] Ozawa T. Foreign direct investment and structural transformation:Japan as a recycler of market and industry[J].Business and Contemporary World. 1993(2):129-150.
[8]孙建中.资本国际化运营:中国对外直接投资的综合优势比较[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2000:30-49.
[9]裴长洪,樊英.中国企业对外直接投资的国家特定优势[J].中国工业经济,2010(7):45-54.
[10]张娟.国际直接投资区位理论综述[J].经济纵横,2006(8):77-79.
[11]世界投资报告[OL].(2016-07-19)[2018-09-10]. http://genevese.mofcom.gov.cn/article/yjbg/201607/20160701361956.shtml.
[12]王大鹏,陈建梁.中国石油企业的竞争优势及对外直接投资策略[J].国际经贸探索,2007(5):58-62.
[13] Csereklyei Z, Rubio-Varas M D M, Stern D I. Energy and economic growth:the stylized facts[J].Energy Journal, 2016, 37(2):223-255.
[14]惠宁,周晓唯.互联网驱动产业结构高级化效应分析[J].统计与信息论坛,2016(10):54-59.
[15] Dunning J H. Multinational enterprise and global economy[M]. Mass:Addison-Wesley, 1992:19-22.
[16] Buckley P J, Jeremy Clegg, Adam R Cross, et.al. The determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investment[J]. Journal of International Business Studies, 2007,38(4):499-518.
[17]李旭.国际经济合作[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:57.
[18]王敏,惠宁.构建石油企业国际竞争力评价指标的探索[J].西南石油大学学报(社会科学版),2016(4):1-7.
[19]丁苗,谢光亚.中国石油企业国际竞争力评价[J].经济问题探索,2008(11):93-99.
[20]惠宁,周晓唯.中国企业对外直接投资区位选择及其决策研究[J].兰州文理学院学报(社会科学版),2018(4):70-75.
(1)作者根据《BP 世界能源年鉴》和《中国能源统计年鉴》数据整理计算所得。
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