酿酒有机高粱苗期地下害虫防治试验研究
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摘要
地下害虫是危害高粱苗移栽后最重要的害虫,主要种类有小地老虎、蝼蛄、蛴螬等,常造成断苗缺窝。高粱对很多农药敏感,可防治高粱病虫害的药剂不多,尤其是防治有机高粱的农药要求更加严格。本文通过对符合有机投入品要求的3种生物农药采用浸根和喷施进行有机高粱苗期地下害虫防治试验。结果表明,3种生物农药都具有较好的防治效果,且在施药方式上浸根的防治效果整体优于喷施,持效性也更加明显;18个处理中,印楝油800倍液、0.5%苦参碱1000倍液和0.5%藜芦碱500倍液处理的防控效果较好。
Soil pests are the most important pests for damaging sorghum during the seeding stage after transplantation. The main species of the pests include Agrotis ypsilon, Gryllotalpa spps., and white grub etc. They might interrupt the normal seeding. Sorghum is sensitive to a lot of pesticides. Accordingly, there are only a few pesticides for pest control of sorghum, especially of organic sorghum. In this paper, 3 kinds of bio-pesticides which meet the requirements of organic sorghum were applied in pest control experiments by root soaking/spraying during the seeding stage. The results suggested that, all the 3 kinds of biological pesticides had good pest control effects; root soaking had better effects and longer duration than spraying; among 18 pesticide usages, 800-fold diluted azadirachtin oil solution, 1000-fold diluted 0.5 % matrine solution, and 500-fold diluted 0.5 % veratrine solution had satisfactory pest control effects.
Soil pests are the most important pests for damaging sorghum during the seeding stage after transplantation. The main species of the pests include Agrotis ypsilon, Gryllotalpa spps., and white grub etc. They might interrupt the normal seeding. Sorghum is sensitive to a lot of pesticides. Accordingly, there are only a few pesticides for pest control of sorghum, especially of organic sorghum. In this paper, 3 kinds of bio-pesticides which meet the requirements of organic sorghum were applied in pest control experiments by root soaking/spraying during the seeding stage. The results suggested that, all the 3 kinds of biological pesticides had good pest control effects; root soaking had better effects and longer duration than spraying; among 18 pesticide usages, 800-fold diluted azadirachtin oil solution, 1000-fold diluted 0.5 % matrine solution, and 500-fold diluted 0.5 % veratrine solution had satisfactory pest control effects.
引文
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[2]喻盛莲.高粱病虫害发生及防治[J].农民致富之友,2013(12):67-68.
[3]张宗佑,邓娟.自贡市沿滩区高粱主要病虫害的发生与防治[J].四川农业科技,2015(11):35-37.
[4]陈光达.有机高粱常见病虫害防治技术初探[J].南方农业,2017,11(30):13-14.
[5]董立荣.高粱优质高产栽培技术[J].农业与技术,2017,37(23):124-125.
[6]郭海琴.小地老虎的发生与防治技术研究[J].种子科技,2017,35(9):117-118.
[7]许建柏.小地老虎的发生特征与防治措施[J].种子科技,2017,35(5):95-96.
[8]尹大宽,唐友才,李于兴,等.高粱新品种国窖红一号有机丰产栽培技术[J].四川农业科技,2010(1):26.
[9]任美凤,陆俊姣,李大琪,等.2种种衣剂对小地老虎幼虫的毒力测定及保苗效果[J].中国植保导刊,2017,37(4):68-70.
[10]李晓,赵志强,鞠倩,等.性诱剂对花生田棉铃虫和小地老虎防治效果研究初探[J].江西农业学报,2013,25(4):27-29.
[11]刘莉,卫雅斌,张小龙,等.性诱剂在河北省玉米主要害虫测报上的应用研究[J].河北农业科学,2018,22(1):54-58.
[12]吕涛.三种性诱剂对烟草害虫的诱捕效应研究[J].云南农业科技,2014(1):11-14.
[13]张志东,刘洋,李春,等.性诱剂对泸州地区高粱鳞翅目主要害虫控制效果研究[J].西南农业学报,2016,29:67-69.
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