植物群落构建的生态过滤机制研究进展
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摘要
生物多样性的形成和维持机制,即群落构建机制,一直以来都是群落生态学研究的核心问题。植物群落构建的确定性过程主要是生态过滤机制(包括环境过滤和生物过滤,其中生物过滤包括种间竞争和种内功能性状变异)作用的结果。学者们构建了大量的理论、方法、模型来解释和验证生态过滤机制对群落构建的影响,并取得了显著的成果。然而,关于生态过滤机制在不同尺度的作用、生态过滤机制的各要素分解和量化等方面的研究仍有诸多疑问。重点综述了环境过滤、种间竞争和种内功能性状变异的最新研究进展,并指出了现有研究的不足之处。在未来的研究中,应注重生态过滤机制的各要素分解和量化,加强研究手段的综合运用,关注时空动态变化对植物群落构建的影响,重视对不同植物群落构建机制的共性和个性特征的认识,同时强调与其他生态过程、群落构建机制的整合。通过这些尝试,有助于人们更好的理解植物群落构建过程中的生态过滤机制的作用。
The formation and maintenance of biodiversity, that is, plant community assembly mechanisms, has been a central issue in community ecology for decades. The deterministic process of plant community assembly is mainly the result of ecological filtering, including environmental and biological filtering(interspecific competition and intraspecific functional trait variation). Previous scholars have developed a large number of theories, methods, and models to explain and verify the impact of ecological filtering on community assembly. However, uncertainty remains about the role of ecological filtering mechanisms in different scales, and the decomposition and quantification of various factors in the ecological filtering mechanism. In this paper, we made a detailed review on the research progress of environmental filtering, interspecific competition, and intraspecific functional trait variation. We further proposed a guide to focus on the decomposition and quantification of ecological filtering mechanisms, development of comprehensive research methods, effects of spatio-temporal dynamics on community assembly, understanding the commonness and personality characteristics of different community assembly mechanisms, and emphasizing the integration with other ecological processes and community building mechanisms. These attempts may help us better understand the role of the ecological filtering in plant community assembly.
The formation and maintenance of biodiversity, that is, plant community assembly mechanisms, has been a central issue in community ecology for decades. The deterministic process of plant community assembly is mainly the result of ecological filtering, including environmental and biological filtering(interspecific competition and intraspecific functional trait variation). Previous scholars have developed a large number of theories, methods, and models to explain and verify the impact of ecological filtering on community assembly. However, uncertainty remains about the role of ecological filtering mechanisms in different scales, and the decomposition and quantification of various factors in the ecological filtering mechanism. In this paper, we made a detailed review on the research progress of environmental filtering, interspecific competition, and intraspecific functional trait variation. We further proposed a guide to focus on the decomposition and quantification of ecological filtering mechanisms, development of comprehensive research methods, effects of spatio-temporal dynamics on community assembly, understanding the commonness and personality characteristics of different community assembly mechanisms, and emphasizing the integration with other ecological processes and community building mechanisms. These attempts may help us better understand the role of the ecological filtering in plant community assembly.
引文
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