裂缝-孔隙型含气储层流体与裂缝参数贝叶斯地震反演方法
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摘要
对裂缝-孔隙型储层的勘探与开发而言,流体和裂缝属性参数对地震响应特征的影响至关重要.法向与切向裂缝柔度比通常作为识别充填裂缝流体的指示因子,但其受裂缝结构与流体成分的双重影响,故其对流体与裂缝属性的估算是欠定的.文章从各向异性Gassmann方程出发,利用线性滑移模型,发展了裂缝-孔隙型含气储层孔隙弹性理论方程;结合扰动刚度矩阵和渐进射线理论,建立了裂缝-孔隙型含气储层纵波线性反射系数和流体特征参数(纵波模量)及裂缝特征参数(裂缝弱度)间的直接关系,解耦了流体与裂缝参数对地震反射特征的影响;在裂缝准弱度参数的基础上,提出了新颖的方位各向异性弹性阻抗(EIVOA)参数化方法,结合宽方位地震数据和正则化约束,探讨了裂缝-孔隙型含气储层流体与裂缝参数贝叶斯地震反演方法.模型和实际资料处理表明,该方法能够稳定合理地直接从宽方位地震资料中获取流体与裂缝参数,提供了一种高可靠性的裂缝-孔隙型含气储层流体与裂缝描述方法.
引文
巴晶.2010.双重孔隙介质波传播理论与地震响应实验分析.中国科学:物理学力学天文学,40:1398-1409
陈怀震,印兴耀,高建虎,刘炳杨,张广智.2015.基于等效各向异性和流体替换的地下裂缝地震预测方法.中国科学:地球科学,45:589-600
刘福平,孟宪军,王玉梅,慎国强,杨长春.2010.反演纵横波速度的Jacobian矩阵及精确计算方法.中国科学:地球科学,40:1608-1616
潘新朋,张广智,印兴耀.2018a.非均匀正交各向异性特征参数地震散射反演方法研究.地球物理学报,61:267-283
潘新朋,张广智,印兴耀.2018b.岩石物理驱动的储层裂缝参数与物性参数概率地震反演方法.地球物理学报,61:683-696
潘新朋,张广智,印兴耀.2018c.岩石物理驱动的正交各向异性方位叠前地震反演方法.中国科学:地球科学,48:299-314
唐晓明.2011.含孔隙、裂隙介质弹性波动的统一理论--Biot理论的推广.中国科学:地球科学,41:784-795
印兴耀,宗兆云,吴国忱.2013.非均匀介质孔隙流体参数地震散射波反演.中国科学:地球科学,43:1934-1942
印兴耀,宗兆云,吴国忱.2015.岩石物理驱动下地震流体识别研究.中国科学:地球科学,45:8-21
张广智,陈怀震,王琪,印兴耀.2013.基于碳酸盐岩裂缝岩石物理模型的横波速度和各向异性参数预测.地球物理学报,56:1707-1715
宗兆云,印兴耀,吴国忱.2012.基于叠前地震纵横波模量直接反演的流体检测方法.地球物理学报,55:284-292
Ba J,Xu W,Fu L Y,Carcione J M,Zhang L.2017.Rock anelasticity due to patchy saturation and fabric heterogeneity:A double doubleporosity model of wave propagation.J Geophys Res-Solid Earth,118:1949-1976
Bachrach R,Sengupta M,Salama A,Miller P.2009.Reconstruction of the layer anisotropic elastic parameters and high-resolution fracture characterization from P-wave data:A case study using seismic inversion and Bayesian rock physics parameter estimation.Geophys Prospect,57:253-262
Bakulin A,Grechka V,Tsvankin I.2000.Estimation of fracture parameters from reflection seismic data-Part I:HTI model due to a single fracture set.Geophysics,65:1788-1802
Batzle M L,Han D H,Hofmann R.2006.Fluid mobility and frequencydependent seismic velocity-Direct measurements.Geophysics,71:1-9
Biot M A.1956.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluidsaturated porous solid-I.Low-frequency range.J Acoust Soc Am,28:168-178
Brown R J S,Korringa J.1975.On the dependence of the elastic properties of a porous rock on the compressibility of the pore fluid.Geophysics,40:608-616
Buland A,Omre H.2003.Bayesian linearized AVO inversion.Geophysics,68:185-198
Chapman M.2009.Modeling the effect of multiple sets of mesoscale fractures in porous rock on frequency-dependent anisotropy.Geophysics,74:D97-D103
Connolly P.1999.Elastic impedance.Leading Edge,18:438-452
Downton J E,Roure B.2015.Interpreting azimuthal Fourier coefficients for anisotropic and fracture parameters.Interpretation,3:ST9-ST27
Dvorkin J,Nur A.1993.Dynamic poroelasticity:A unified model with the squirt and the Biot mechanisms.Geophysics,58:524-533
Gassmann F.1951.über die elastizit?t por?ser medien.Vier der Natur Gesellschaft Zürich,96:1-23
Grana D,Della Rossa E.2010.Probabilistic petrophysical-properties estimation integrating statistical rock physics with seismic inversion.Geophysics,75:21-37
Gurevich B.2003.Elastic properties of saturated porous rocks with aligned fractures.J Appl Geophys,54:203-218
Han D H,Batzle M L.2004.Gassmann’s equation and fluid-saturation effects on seismic velocities.Geophysics,69:398-405
Huang L,Stewart R R,Sil S,Dyaur N.2015.Fluid substitution effects on seismic anisotropy.J Geophys Res-Solid Earth,120:850-863
Hudson J A.1981.Wave speeds and attenuation of elastic waves in material containing cracks.Geophys J Int,64:133-150
Hudson J A,Pointer T,Liu E.2001.Effective-medium theories for fluid-saturated materials with aligned cracks.Geophys Prospect,49:509-522
Liu E,Martinez A.2012.Seismic Fracture Characterization.Netherlands:EAGE Publication
Martins J L.2006.Elastic impedance in weakly anisotropic media.Geophysics,71:D73-D83
Mavko G,Bandyopadhyay K.2009.Approximate fluid substitution for vertical velocities in weakly anisotropic VTI rocks.Geophysics,74:D1-D6
Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.2009.The Rock Physics Handbook.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press
Pan X,Zhang G,Chen H,Yin X.2017a.McMC-based nonlinear EIVAZ inversion driven by rock physics.J Geophys Eng,14:368-379
Pan X,Zhang G,Chen H,Yin X.2017b.McMC-based AVAZ direct inversion for fracture weaknesses.J Appl Geophys,138:50-61
Pan X,Zhang G,Yin X.2017c.Azimuthally anisotropic elastic impedance inversion for fluid indicator driven by rock physics.Geophysics,82:C211-C227
Pan X,Zhang G.2018.Model parameterization and PP-wave amplitude versus angle and azimuth(AVAZ)direct inversion for fracture quasi-weaknesses in weakly anisotropic elastic media.Surv Geophys,39:937-964
Parra J O.1997.The transversely isotropic poroelastic wave equation including the Biot and the squirt mechanisms:Theory and application.Geophysics,62:309-318
Rüger A.1997.P-wave reflection coefficients for transversely isotropic models with vertical and horizontal axis of symmetry.Geophysics,62:713-722
Russell B H,Hedlin K,Hilterman F J,Lines L R.2003.Fluid-property discrimination with AVO:A Biot-Gassmann perspective.Geophysics,68:29-39
Russell B H,Gray D,Hampson D P.2011.Linearized AVO and poroelasticity.Geophysics,76:C19-C29
Schoenberg M.1980.Elastic wave behavior across linear slip interfaces.J Acoust Soc Am,68:1516-1521
Schoenberg M.1983.Reflection of elastic waves from periodically stratified media with interfacial slip.Geophys Prospect,31:265-292
Schoenberg M,Sayers C M.1995.Seismic anisotropy of fractured rock.Geophysics,60:204-211
Shaw R K,Sen M K.2004.Born integral,stationary phase and linearized reflection coefficients in weak anisotropic media.Geophys J Int,158:225-238
Shaw R K,Sen M K.2006.Use of AVOA data to estimate fluid indicator in a vertically fractured medium.Geophysics,71:15-24
Sil S,Sen M K,Gurevich B.2011.Analysis of fluid substitution in a porous and fractured medium.Geophysics,76:WA157-WA166
Stolt R H,Weglein A B.1985.Migration and inversion of seismic data.Geophysics,50:2458-2472
Thomsen L.1986.Weak elastic anisotropy.Geophysics,51:1954-1966
Thomsen L.1995.Elastic anisotropy due to aligned cracks in porous rock1.Geophys Prospect,43:805-829
Thomsen L.2002.Understanding seismic anisotropy in exploration and exploitation.SEG 2010 Distinguished Instructor Short Course
Whitcombe D N.2002.Elastic impedance normalization.Geophysics,67:60-62
Yang D H,Zhang Z J.2000.Effects of the Biot and the Squirt-flow coupling interaction on anisotropic elastic waves.Chin Sci Bull,45:2130-2138
Yang D H,Zhang Z J.2002.Poroelastic wave equation including the Biot/Squirt mechanism and the solid/fluid coupling anisotropy.Wave Motion,35:223-245
Zeng Q,Guo Y,Jiang R,Ba J,Ma H,Liu J.2017.Fluid sensitivity of rock physics parameters in reservoirs:Quantitative analysis.JSeismic Explor,26:125-140
陈怀震,印兴耀,高建虎,刘炳杨,张广智.2015.基于等效各向异性和流体替换的地下裂缝地震预测方法.中国科学:地球科学,45:589-600
刘福平,孟宪军,王玉梅,慎国强,杨长春.2010.反演纵横波速度的Jacobian矩阵及精确计算方法.中国科学:地球科学,40:1608-1616
潘新朋,张广智,印兴耀.2018a.非均匀正交各向异性特征参数地震散射反演方法研究.地球物理学报,61:267-283
潘新朋,张广智,印兴耀.2018b.岩石物理驱动的储层裂缝参数与物性参数概率地震反演方法.地球物理学报,61:683-696
潘新朋,张广智,印兴耀.2018c.岩石物理驱动的正交各向异性方位叠前地震反演方法.中国科学:地球科学,48:299-314
唐晓明.2011.含孔隙、裂隙介质弹性波动的统一理论--Biot理论的推广.中国科学:地球科学,41:784-795
印兴耀,宗兆云,吴国忱.2013.非均匀介质孔隙流体参数地震散射波反演.中国科学:地球科学,43:1934-1942
印兴耀,宗兆云,吴国忱.2015.岩石物理驱动下地震流体识别研究.中国科学:地球科学,45:8-21
张广智,陈怀震,王琪,印兴耀.2013.基于碳酸盐岩裂缝岩石物理模型的横波速度和各向异性参数预测.地球物理学报,56:1707-1715
宗兆云,印兴耀,吴国忱.2012.基于叠前地震纵横波模量直接反演的流体检测方法.地球物理学报,55:284-292
Ba J,Xu W,Fu L Y,Carcione J M,Zhang L.2017.Rock anelasticity due to patchy saturation and fabric heterogeneity:A double doubleporosity model of wave propagation.J Geophys Res-Solid Earth,118:1949-1976
Bachrach R,Sengupta M,Salama A,Miller P.2009.Reconstruction of the layer anisotropic elastic parameters and high-resolution fracture characterization from P-wave data:A case study using seismic inversion and Bayesian rock physics parameter estimation.Geophys Prospect,57:253-262
Bakulin A,Grechka V,Tsvankin I.2000.Estimation of fracture parameters from reflection seismic data-Part I:HTI model due to a single fracture set.Geophysics,65:1788-1802
Batzle M L,Han D H,Hofmann R.2006.Fluid mobility and frequencydependent seismic velocity-Direct measurements.Geophysics,71:1-9
Biot M A.1956.Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluidsaturated porous solid-I.Low-frequency range.J Acoust Soc Am,28:168-178
Brown R J S,Korringa J.1975.On the dependence of the elastic properties of a porous rock on the compressibility of the pore fluid.Geophysics,40:608-616
Buland A,Omre H.2003.Bayesian linearized AVO inversion.Geophysics,68:185-198
Chapman M.2009.Modeling the effect of multiple sets of mesoscale fractures in porous rock on frequency-dependent anisotropy.Geophysics,74:D97-D103
Connolly P.1999.Elastic impedance.Leading Edge,18:438-452
Downton J E,Roure B.2015.Interpreting azimuthal Fourier coefficients for anisotropic and fracture parameters.Interpretation,3:ST9-ST27
Dvorkin J,Nur A.1993.Dynamic poroelasticity:A unified model with the squirt and the Biot mechanisms.Geophysics,58:524-533
Gassmann F.1951.über die elastizit?t por?ser medien.Vier der Natur Gesellschaft Zürich,96:1-23
Grana D,Della Rossa E.2010.Probabilistic petrophysical-properties estimation integrating statistical rock physics with seismic inversion.Geophysics,75:21-37
Gurevich B.2003.Elastic properties of saturated porous rocks with aligned fractures.J Appl Geophys,54:203-218
Han D H,Batzle M L.2004.Gassmann’s equation and fluid-saturation effects on seismic velocities.Geophysics,69:398-405
Huang L,Stewart R R,Sil S,Dyaur N.2015.Fluid substitution effects on seismic anisotropy.J Geophys Res-Solid Earth,120:850-863
Hudson J A.1981.Wave speeds and attenuation of elastic waves in material containing cracks.Geophys J Int,64:133-150
Hudson J A,Pointer T,Liu E.2001.Effective-medium theories for fluid-saturated materials with aligned cracks.Geophys Prospect,49:509-522
Liu E,Martinez A.2012.Seismic Fracture Characterization.Netherlands:EAGE Publication
Martins J L.2006.Elastic impedance in weakly anisotropic media.Geophysics,71:D73-D83
Mavko G,Bandyopadhyay K.2009.Approximate fluid substitution for vertical velocities in weakly anisotropic VTI rocks.Geophysics,74:D1-D6
Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.2009.The Rock Physics Handbook.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press
Pan X,Zhang G,Chen H,Yin X.2017a.McMC-based nonlinear EIVAZ inversion driven by rock physics.J Geophys Eng,14:368-379
Pan X,Zhang G,Chen H,Yin X.2017b.McMC-based AVAZ direct inversion for fracture weaknesses.J Appl Geophys,138:50-61
Pan X,Zhang G,Yin X.2017c.Azimuthally anisotropic elastic impedance inversion for fluid indicator driven by rock physics.Geophysics,82:C211-C227
Pan X,Zhang G.2018.Model parameterization and PP-wave amplitude versus angle and azimuth(AVAZ)direct inversion for fracture quasi-weaknesses in weakly anisotropic elastic media.Surv Geophys,39:937-964
Parra J O.1997.The transversely isotropic poroelastic wave equation including the Biot and the squirt mechanisms:Theory and application.Geophysics,62:309-318
Rüger A.1997.P-wave reflection coefficients for transversely isotropic models with vertical and horizontal axis of symmetry.Geophysics,62:713-722
Russell B H,Hedlin K,Hilterman F J,Lines L R.2003.Fluid-property discrimination with AVO:A Biot-Gassmann perspective.Geophysics,68:29-39
Russell B H,Gray D,Hampson D P.2011.Linearized AVO and poroelasticity.Geophysics,76:C19-C29
Schoenberg M.1980.Elastic wave behavior across linear slip interfaces.J Acoust Soc Am,68:1516-1521
Schoenberg M.1983.Reflection of elastic waves from periodically stratified media with interfacial slip.Geophys Prospect,31:265-292
Schoenberg M,Sayers C M.1995.Seismic anisotropy of fractured rock.Geophysics,60:204-211
Shaw R K,Sen M K.2004.Born integral,stationary phase and linearized reflection coefficients in weak anisotropic media.Geophys J Int,158:225-238
Shaw R K,Sen M K.2006.Use of AVOA data to estimate fluid indicator in a vertically fractured medium.Geophysics,71:15-24
Sil S,Sen M K,Gurevich B.2011.Analysis of fluid substitution in a porous and fractured medium.Geophysics,76:WA157-WA166
Stolt R H,Weglein A B.1985.Migration and inversion of seismic data.Geophysics,50:2458-2472
Thomsen L.1986.Weak elastic anisotropy.Geophysics,51:1954-1966
Thomsen L.1995.Elastic anisotropy due to aligned cracks in porous rock1.Geophys Prospect,43:805-829
Thomsen L.2002.Understanding seismic anisotropy in exploration and exploitation.SEG 2010 Distinguished Instructor Short Course
Whitcombe D N.2002.Elastic impedance normalization.Geophysics,67:60-62
Yang D H,Zhang Z J.2000.Effects of the Biot and the Squirt-flow coupling interaction on anisotropic elastic waves.Chin Sci Bull,45:2130-2138
Yang D H,Zhang Z J.2002.Poroelastic wave equation including the Biot/Squirt mechanism and the solid/fluid coupling anisotropy.Wave Motion,35:223-245
Zeng Q,Guo Y,Jiang R,Ba J,Ma H,Liu J.2017.Fluid sensitivity of rock physics parameters in reservoirs:Quantitative analysis.JSeismic Explor,26:125-140
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