兰州市2011-2017年艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者流行现况分析
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摘要
目的分析兰州市2011-2017年艾滋病疫情流行态势,为控制本地区艾滋病病毒的传播和蔓延,以及为政府制定艾滋病防控决策提供科学依据。方法利用兰州市2011-2017年网络直报的艾滋病疫情数据,采用Excel建立分析数据库,采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行描述性统计分析。结果 2011-2017年兰州市共新发现艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者(HIV感染者/AIDS患者) 1 643例,死亡61例,累计病死率为3.71%;男女性别比例为10.91∶1;年龄以20～35岁组的例数最多,占47.23%(776/1 643),其次是35～50岁组,占33.54%(551/1 643);城关区出现聚集性的分布,占46.80%(769/1 643);本市户籍占69.57%(1 143/1 643); HIV感染者/AIDS患者主动监测的积极性不强;三种感染途径共存,以性途径传播为主,占97.50%(1 602/1 643),其中同性性传播占41.64%(667/1 602),异性性传播占58.36%(935/1 602),同性性传播有上升趋势;死亡病例与存活病例比较,在人口学特征(年龄、户籍、婚姻状况、文化程度)、健康管理方面(抗病毒治疗、CD4~+T细胞检测、性病史、样本来源)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论兰州市HIV/AIDS疫情已从高危人群向一般人群扩散。总体疫情呈不断上升趋势,但属于低流行地区。20～35岁和50岁以上人群,以及男男同性性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)人群为重点关注的人群。应加大监测力度,一方面,应大力宣传预防艾滋病的相关知识,控制艾滋病的传播和蔓延;另一方面,对确诊的HIV感染者/AIDS患者应及时进行规范化治疗,降低二代传播风险,提高其生存质量。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) during 2011 to 2017 in Lanzhou city of China. Methods All data of 2011-2017 were collected from the Lanzhou Epidemic Network Report and Excel was used to establish the database for further analysis using SPSS 17.0 software. Results A total of 1 643 cases of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected individuals/AIDS patients were found in Lanzhou city from 2011 to 2017; 61 cases died with the cumulative fatality rate of 3.71%.The male and female sex ratio was 10.91∶1.The number of HIV/AIDS aged 20-35 was the highest, accounting for 47.23%(776/1 643), followed by 35-50 years old(551/1 643, 33.54%).A clustered distribution was seen in Chengguan district(769/1 643, 46.80%); household registered in the city accounted for 69.57%(1 143/1 643) of all cases.The three major routes of infection coexisted, mainly through sexual transmission(1 602/1 643, 97.50%), of which homosexual transmission accounted for 41.64%(667/1 602) and heterosexual transmission 58.36%(935/1 602).There are significant differences in demographic features(age,household registration,marital status,educational level),health management(antiviral therapy,CD4 detection,venereal disease history,sample source)(P<0.05). Conclusions The HIV/AIDS epidemics in Lanzhou city of China have spread from high risk population to the general population.More attention should be paid to residents of 20 to 35 years old and over 50,and MSM(men who have sex with men)and active moni-toring should be strengthened.
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) during 2011 to 2017 in Lanzhou city of China. Methods All data of 2011-2017 were collected from the Lanzhou Epidemic Network Report and Excel was used to establish the database for further analysis using SPSS 17.0 software. Results A total of 1 643 cases of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected individuals/AIDS patients were found in Lanzhou city from 2011 to 2017; 61 cases died with the cumulative fatality rate of 3.71%.The male and female sex ratio was 10.91∶1.The number of HIV/AIDS aged 20-35 was the highest, accounting for 47.23%(776/1 643), followed by 35-50 years old(551/1 643, 33.54%).A clustered distribution was seen in Chengguan district(769/1 643, 46.80%); household registered in the city accounted for 69.57%(1 143/1 643) of all cases.The three major routes of infection coexisted, mainly through sexual transmission(1 602/1 643, 97.50%), of which homosexual transmission accounted for 41.64%(667/1 602) and heterosexual transmission 58.36%(935/1 602).There are significant differences in demographic features(age,household registration,marital status,educational level),health management(antiviral therapy,CD4 detection,venereal disease history,sample source)(P<0.05). Conclusions The HIV/AIDS epidemics in Lanzhou city of China have spread from high risk population to the general population.More attention should be paid to residents of 20 to 35 years old and over 50,and MSM(men who have sex with men)and active moni-toring should be strengthened.
引文
[1] UNAIDS.Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic[EB/OL].[2017-05-01].http://www.unaids.org/.
[2] Yue X.Analysis of the characteristics of drug users and the influencing factors of high-risk behavior of AIDS in sentinels in Gansu Province[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2011.(in Chinese)岳雄.甘肃省哨点监测吸毒人群基本特征及艾滋病高危行为影响因素分析[D].兰州:兰州大学,2011.
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[4] Chen JJ,Tao LD,Qi YJ,et al.Quality of life and influencing factors of HIV-infected and AIDS patients in Lanzhou City[J].Jibing Yufang Kongzhi Tongbao,2016,31(5):1-4.(in Chinese)陈继军,陶连弟,齐跃军,等.兰州市HIV感染者和艾滋病患者生存质量及影响因素研究[J].疾病预防控制通报,2016,31(5):1-4.
[5] Shao YM,Kang LY,Wang N,et al.Diagnostic criteria for AIDS and HIV infection [J].Zhongguo Aizibing Xingbing,2012,18(4):272-275.(in Chinese)邵一鸣,康来仪,汪宁,等.艾滋病和艾滋病病毒感染诊断标准[J].中国艾滋病性病,2012,18(4):272-275.
[6] Zhu ZP,Zhang M,Wu SS,et al.Analysis of HIV/AIDS epidemic characteristics in Nanjing City from 2008 to 2012[J].Zhonghua Jibing Kongzhi Zazhi,2013,17(12):1037-1040,1045.(in Chinese)朱正平,张敏,吴苏姝,等.南京市2008-2012年报告HIV/AIDS流行特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2013,17(12):1037-1040,1045.
[7] Zhou RY,Jiang BH.Status of human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS epidemic in Shenzhen[J].Zhongguo Manxingbing Yufang Yu Kongzhi,2017,25(5):340-342.(in Chinese)周如意,江碧红.深圳市人类免疫缺陷病毒感染和艾滋病流行现状[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2017,25(5):340-342.
[8] Liu HT,Yu SQ,Liu DY,et al.Analysis of the status of AIDS epidemic in Weifang City in 2014[J].Zhongguo Chengxiang Qiye Weisheng,2016,31(1):50-52.(in Chinese)刘海田,于绍起,刘冬莹,等.2014年潍坊市艾滋病流行现况分析[J].中国城乡企业卫生,2016,31(1):50-52.
[9] Wang LY,Qin QQ,Ding ZW,et al.Analysis of the national epidemic situation of AIDS in China[J].Zhongguo Aizi-bing Xingbing,2017,23(4):330-333.(in Chinese)王丽艳,秦倩倩,丁正伟,等.中国艾滋病全国疫情数据分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(4):330-333.
[10] Li XX,Liu Q,Xie XQ,et al.HIV status and risk behavior among men who have sex with men in Longgang District of Shenzhen City,China[J].Zhongguo Aizibing Xingbing,2018,24(3):246-249.(in Chinese)李晓霞,刘渠,谢显清,等.深圳市龙岗区男男性行为者HIV感染状况及其高危行为特征分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2018,24(3):246-249.
[11] Zhu QY,Chen HH,Wu XH,et al.Analysis of HIV status and related influencing factors in elderly men in Guangxi [J].Zhongguo Aizibing Xingbing,2017,23(11):1006-1009.(in Chinese)朱秋映,陈欢欢,吴兴华,等.广西中老年男性人群艾滋病流行现状及相关影响因素分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(11):1006-1009.
[12] Jurberg C.Unprotected sex has no age[J].Bull World Health Organ,2009,87:165-166.
[13] Chen JJ,Liu J.Analysis of HIV/AIDS epidemic situation in Lanzhou City from 1993 to 2009 [J].Zhongguo Ziran Yixue Zazhi,2010,12(6):450-452.(in Chinese)陈继军,刘军.兰州市1993-2009年HIV/AIDS流行状况分析[J].中国自然医学杂志,2010,12(6):450-452.
[14] Wang HD,Chen W,Xie WQ,et al.Evaluate the quality of life of HIV-infected and AIDS patients in Wanbei area of Anhui Province[J].Zhonghua Jibing Kongzhi Zazhi,2016,20(8):772-776.(in Chinese)王华东,陈薇,谢文琴,等.安徽省皖北地区艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人生存质量评价[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2016,20(8):772-776.
[2] Yue X.Analysis of the characteristics of drug users and the influencing factors of high-risk behavior of AIDS in sentinels in Gansu Province[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2011.(in Chinese)岳雄.甘肃省哨点监测吸毒人群基本特征及艾滋病高危行为影响因素分析[D].兰州:兰州大学,2011.
[3] Chen JJ,Liu J,Li Y,et al.AIDS epidemic trend and influencing factors among men who have sex with men in Lanzhou City [J].Zhongguo Aizibing Xingbing,2011,17(3):328-331.(in Chinese)陈继军,刘军,李莹,等.兰州市男男性行为人群艾滋病流行趋势及影响因素分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2011,17(3):328-331.
[4] Chen JJ,Tao LD,Qi YJ,et al.Quality of life and influencing factors of HIV-infected and AIDS patients in Lanzhou City[J].Jibing Yufang Kongzhi Tongbao,2016,31(5):1-4.(in Chinese)陈继军,陶连弟,齐跃军,等.兰州市HIV感染者和艾滋病患者生存质量及影响因素研究[J].疾病预防控制通报,2016,31(5):1-4.
[5] Shao YM,Kang LY,Wang N,et al.Diagnostic criteria for AIDS and HIV infection [J].Zhongguo Aizibing Xingbing,2012,18(4):272-275.(in Chinese)邵一鸣,康来仪,汪宁,等.艾滋病和艾滋病病毒感染诊断标准[J].中国艾滋病性病,2012,18(4):272-275.
[6] Zhu ZP,Zhang M,Wu SS,et al.Analysis of HIV/AIDS epidemic characteristics in Nanjing City from 2008 to 2012[J].Zhonghua Jibing Kongzhi Zazhi,2013,17(12):1037-1040,1045.(in Chinese)朱正平,张敏,吴苏姝,等.南京市2008-2012年报告HIV/AIDS流行特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2013,17(12):1037-1040,1045.
[7] Zhou RY,Jiang BH.Status of human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS epidemic in Shenzhen[J].Zhongguo Manxingbing Yufang Yu Kongzhi,2017,25(5):340-342.(in Chinese)周如意,江碧红.深圳市人类免疫缺陷病毒感染和艾滋病流行现状[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2017,25(5):340-342.
[8] Liu HT,Yu SQ,Liu DY,et al.Analysis of the status of AIDS epidemic in Weifang City in 2014[J].Zhongguo Chengxiang Qiye Weisheng,2016,31(1):50-52.(in Chinese)刘海田,于绍起,刘冬莹,等.2014年潍坊市艾滋病流行现况分析[J].中国城乡企业卫生,2016,31(1):50-52.
[9] Wang LY,Qin QQ,Ding ZW,et al.Analysis of the national epidemic situation of AIDS in China[J].Zhongguo Aizi-bing Xingbing,2017,23(4):330-333.(in Chinese)王丽艳,秦倩倩,丁正伟,等.中国艾滋病全国疫情数据分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(4):330-333.
[10] Li XX,Liu Q,Xie XQ,et al.HIV status and risk behavior among men who have sex with men in Longgang District of Shenzhen City,China[J].Zhongguo Aizibing Xingbing,2018,24(3):246-249.(in Chinese)李晓霞,刘渠,谢显清,等.深圳市龙岗区男男性行为者HIV感染状况及其高危行为特征分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2018,24(3):246-249.
[11] Zhu QY,Chen HH,Wu XH,et al.Analysis of HIV status and related influencing factors in elderly men in Guangxi [J].Zhongguo Aizibing Xingbing,2017,23(11):1006-1009.(in Chinese)朱秋映,陈欢欢,吴兴华,等.广西中老年男性人群艾滋病流行现状及相关影响因素分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(11):1006-1009.
[12] Jurberg C.Unprotected sex has no age[J].Bull World Health Organ,2009,87:165-166.
[13] Chen JJ,Liu J.Analysis of HIV/AIDS epidemic situation in Lanzhou City from 1993 to 2009 [J].Zhongguo Ziran Yixue Zazhi,2010,12(6):450-452.(in Chinese)陈继军,刘军.兰州市1993-2009年HIV/AIDS流行状况分析[J].中国自然医学杂志,2010,12(6):450-452.
[14] Wang HD,Chen W,Xie WQ,et al.Evaluate the quality of life of HIV-infected and AIDS patients in Wanbei area of Anhui Province[J].Zhonghua Jibing Kongzhi Zazhi,2016,20(8):772-776.(in Chinese)王华东,陈薇,谢文琴,等.安徽省皖北地区艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人生存质量评价[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2016,20(8):772-776.
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