大豆RN型细胞质雄性不育系雌性育性对异交率的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究RN型大豆细胞质雄性不育系、保持系雌性育性差异,明确RN型大豆细胞质雄性不育系是否存在雌性育性降低的现象,探讨不育系雌性育性与异交率的相关性。【方法】首先在200余份RN型细胞质雄性不育系中,依据异交结实率高低,选择有代表性的不育系及保持系6对;然后通过网室内投放蜜蜂传粉对不育系进行异交率鉴定,确定不育系的异交率高低水平;再对6份不育系利用同一父本恢复系进行不去雄人工杂交试验,明确不同异交结实率不育系在接受外来花粉受精结实方面是否存在差异;最后利用同一恢复系作共同父本,通过去雄、不去雄人工平行杂交方法,研究不育系及对应保持系间杂交成活率差异,对6份不育系及6份对应保持系雌性育性进行分析,同时分析不育系异交率与雌性育性的相关性。【结果】网室异交率鉴定表明,供试6份不育系异交率存在显著差异,最高达49.46%,最低仅15.94%。6份不育系在人工授粉杂交成活率上也存在显著差异,高异交率不育系(JLCMS101A和JLCMS82A)杂交成活率显著高于中、低异交率不育系,中异交率不育系(JLCMS9A和JLCMS47A)杂交成活率显著高于低异交率不育系(JLCMS89A和JLCMS31A)。人工去雄平行杂交成活率,高、中异交率不育系显著高于低异交率不育系;高、中、低异交率保持系间杂交成活率无显著差异;杂交成活率在高、中异交率不育系与对应保持系间无显著差异,而低异交率不育系的杂交成活率显著低于其对应保持系的杂交成活率。人工不去雄平行杂交成活率,高异交率不育系杂交成活率显著高于中、低异交率不育系杂交成活率;高、中、低异交率保持系间杂交成活率无显著差异;高、中异交率不育系的杂交成活率与对应保持系的杂交成活率无显著差异,而低异交率不育系的杂交成活率则显著低于其对应保持系的杂交成活率。【结论】在大豆RN型细胞质雄性不育系中,高异交率不育系雌性育性正常,低异交率不育系中存在因雌性育性差而影响正常结实的情况,雌性育性差是造成其异交结实性低的原因之一,不同异交率不育系对应保持系雌性育性均正常;不育系网室异交率与不育系去雄杂交成活率呈极显著正相关,不育系网室异交率与不育系不去雄杂交成活率也呈极显著正相关。去雄和不去雄平行杂交结果均可用于鉴定不育系的雌性育性。
【Objective】To study the differences in female fertility of RN-type soybean cytoplasmic male sterile lines(A-lines)and maintainer lines(B-lines), determine whether there is a decline in female fertility in RN-type soybean cytoplasmic male sterility lines, and explore the correlation between female fertility and outcrossing rate in male sterile lines. 【Method】 Firstly, 6 pairs of sterile lines and maintainer lines were selected from more than 200 RN-type cytoplasmic male sterile lines; outcrossing rates among these lines were different. Second, the outcrossing rate of male sterile lines was evaluated using honeybee pollination in net cages. Third, six male sterile lines were pollinated by non-removing stamen test, with male parents of the same restorer line, to determine whether there were differences in fertilization and podding. Finally, the differences in survival rate between sterile lines and maintainer lines were studied by removing stamens and non-removing stamens parallel cross test with the same restorer line used as the male parent. 【Result】 The outcrossing rates in cages were significantly different among the six sterile lines tested: the highest outcrossing rate was 49.46% and the lowest outcrossing rate was 15.94%. there were significant differences among survival rates of artificial crosses of six sterile lines tested:the survival rate of sterile lines with a high outcrossing rate were significantly higher than that of medium and low outcrossing rate sterile lines and the survival rate of sterile lines with medium outcrossing rate were significantly higher than that of low outcrossing rate sterile lines. For crossing survival rate after artificially removing stamens, A-lines with high and medium outcrossing rates were significantly higher than that with low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among B-lines with high, medium, or low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among high A-lines, middle A-lines, and their corresponding B-lines, while A-lines with a low outcrossing rate were significantly lower than their corresponding B-lines. For crossing survival rate by artificially not removing stamen,A-lines with a high outcrossing rate were significantly higher than that with medium or low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among B-lines with high, medium and low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among high A-lines,middle A-lines, and their corresponding B-lines, while A-lines with low outcrossing rate were significantly lower than their corresponding B-lines. 【Conclusion】 For RN-type cytoplasmic male-sterile lines of soybean, female fertility of A-lines with high outcrossing rates were normal and female fertility of a few A-lines with low outcrossing rates were poor, affecting their seed setting.Female fertility of B-lines with different outcrossing rates were all normal, the outcrossing rate of A-lines in cages were significantly positively correlated with their crossing survival rate following artificial stamen removal and in plants where the stamen was not removed, the outcrossing rates of A-lines in cages were not correlated with their B-lines' crossing survival rate. All parallel crosses by removing and non-removing stamens can thus be used to evaluate female fertility of A-lines.
【Objective】To study the differences in female fertility of RN-type soybean cytoplasmic male sterile lines(A-lines)and maintainer lines(B-lines), determine whether there is a decline in female fertility in RN-type soybean cytoplasmic male sterility lines, and explore the correlation between female fertility and outcrossing rate in male sterile lines. 【Method】 Firstly, 6 pairs of sterile lines and maintainer lines were selected from more than 200 RN-type cytoplasmic male sterile lines; outcrossing rates among these lines were different. Second, the outcrossing rate of male sterile lines was evaluated using honeybee pollination in net cages. Third, six male sterile lines were pollinated by non-removing stamen test, with male parents of the same restorer line, to determine whether there were differences in fertilization and podding. Finally, the differences in survival rate between sterile lines and maintainer lines were studied by removing stamens and non-removing stamens parallel cross test with the same restorer line used as the male parent. 【Result】 The outcrossing rates in cages were significantly different among the six sterile lines tested: the highest outcrossing rate was 49.46% and the lowest outcrossing rate was 15.94%. there were significant differences among survival rates of artificial crosses of six sterile lines tested:the survival rate of sterile lines with a high outcrossing rate were significantly higher than that of medium and low outcrossing rate sterile lines and the survival rate of sterile lines with medium outcrossing rate were significantly higher than that of low outcrossing rate sterile lines. For crossing survival rate after artificially removing stamens, A-lines with high and medium outcrossing rates were significantly higher than that with low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among B-lines with high, medium, or low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among high A-lines, middle A-lines, and their corresponding B-lines, while A-lines with a low outcrossing rate were significantly lower than their corresponding B-lines. For crossing survival rate by artificially not removing stamen,A-lines with a high outcrossing rate were significantly higher than that with medium or low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among B-lines with high, medium and low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among high A-lines,middle A-lines, and their corresponding B-lines, while A-lines with low outcrossing rate were significantly lower than their corresponding B-lines. 【Conclusion】 For RN-type cytoplasmic male-sterile lines of soybean, female fertility of A-lines with high outcrossing rates were normal and female fertility of a few A-lines with low outcrossing rates were poor, affecting their seed setting.Female fertility of B-lines with different outcrossing rates were all normal, the outcrossing rate of A-lines in cages were significantly positively correlated with their crossing survival rate following artificial stamen removal and in plants where the stamen was not removed, the outcrossing rates of A-lines in cages were not correlated with their B-lines' crossing survival rate. All parallel crosses by removing and non-removing stamens can thus be used to evaluate female fertility of A-lines.
引文
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