多效唑和三碘苯甲酸对大叶黄杨根系和叶片氮积累的影响
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摘要
【目的】多效唑(PP333)和三碘苯甲酸(TIBA)是植物生长延缓剂,因其对植株矮化的显著效果,广泛应用于绿篱植物的化学修剪中,本研究使用此两种激素对苗木进行叶面喷施,探讨其对大叶黄杨根系和叶片氮代谢的影响。【方法】以三年生扦插大叶黄杨(Buxus megistophylla)苗为试验材料,在北京林业大学实验林场苗圃地内进行了叶面喷施田间试验。采用双因素随机区组设计,设置PP333 0、20、50、80 mg/L四个浓度水平,TIBA为0、50、100 mg/L三个浓度水平,共12个处理组合。自2017年4月5日起,每隔25天在每个小区喷施1 L备好的溶液。第三次喷施25天后取扦插苗全株样,分别测定了根系、叶片全氮、硝态氮、游离氨基酸含量以及叶片可溶性蛋白和光合色素含量。【结果】1)单施高浓度PP333对细、中根全氮、硝态氮和游离氨基酸含量有显著提升作用,而单施TIBA仅对细根全氮、硝态氮和游离氨基酸含量有显著影响。PP333和TIBA及二者的交互效应对大叶黄杨细根的全氮、硝态氮和游离氨基酸含量均有极显著提升作用。2) PP333、TIBA及其交互作用均能极显著促进叶片全氮、可溶性蛋白含量和光合色素含量提升,50或80 mg/L PP333能够促进游离氨基酸含量提升,且仅在80 mg/L时对硝态氮含量有显著影响。3) PP333对不同径级根系全氮、游离氨基酸、硝态氮以及叶片全氮、硝态氮、游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白和光合色素含量的促进作用较TIBA更为显著。【结论】PP333和TIBA对大叶黄杨氮代谢有显著影响,且相对于TIBA, PP333更能影响大叶黄杨氮的生理代谢过程。在生产应用中,80 mg/L PP333与100 mg/L TIBA结合喷施会加速根系中细根的氮代谢过程,并对叶片中蛋白质和光合色素的提升有显著促进作用,单施80 mg/L PP333显著促进叶片硝态氮和游离氨基酸的含量。
【Objectives】Two plant growth retardants, PP333 and TIBA, have been widely applied in chemical pruning of hedge plants because of having dwarfing effects on plants growth. In this study, both PP333 and TIBA were applied by spraying seedlings foliage to probe the responses of nitrogen accumulation in roots and leaves of the hedge plants.【Methods】A field experiment with a two-factor completely randomized design was conducted by foliar spraying the detacthment seedlings of Buxus megistophylla(3-year old). The applied concentrations of PP333 were composed of 4 levels: 0, 20, 50 and 80 mg/L, and TIBA application included 3 levels: 0, 50 and 100 mg/L. In detail, a total of 1 L of prepared solution was sprayed into each experimental plot in an interval of 25 days from 5 April, 2017. Twenty-five days after the third spraying, the whole seedlings of Buxus megistophylla from each plot were sampled to measure the total-N, free amino acid, nitrate-N in roots and leaves, and the soluble protein and photosynthetic pigment contents in leaves were determined.【Results】1) Spraying PP333 significantly promoted the contents of total-N, nitrate-N and free amino acid in radicula and medium roots and TIBA application with high concentration obviously affected the contents of total-N content, nitrate-N and free amino acid in radicula. The interactions between the PP333 and TIBA significantly promoted the accumulations of total-N content, nitrate-N and free amino acid in radicula of the seedlings of B. megistophylla treated. 2) PP333,TIBA and their interactions dramatically increased the total-N, soluble protein and photosynthetic pigment content in leaves too, the content of free amino acids was improved by PP333 of 50 or 80 mg/L, and that of nitrate-N was improved by PP333 of 80 mg/L. 3) Compared with the TIBA treatment, the PP333 application significantly affected the nitrogen accumulation in B. megistophylla.【Conclusions】The nitrogen metabolic accumulation in B. megistophylla is regulated by PPP333, TIBA and their interactions. Compared with TIBA, PP333 could affect the metabolic process of nitrogen in B. megistophylla. In landscape maintenance, the nitrogen metabolic process in radicula and the contents of protein and photosynthetic pigments were improved dramatically by spraying both PP333 of 80 mg/L and TIBA of 100 mg/L. Spraying PP333 of 80 mg/L alone promoted the contents of nitrate-N and free amino acid.
【Objectives】Two plant growth retardants, PP333 and TIBA, have been widely applied in chemical pruning of hedge plants because of having dwarfing effects on plants growth. In this study, both PP333 and TIBA were applied by spraying seedlings foliage to probe the responses of nitrogen accumulation in roots and leaves of the hedge plants.【Methods】A field experiment with a two-factor completely randomized design was conducted by foliar spraying the detacthment seedlings of Buxus megistophylla(3-year old). The applied concentrations of PP333 were composed of 4 levels: 0, 20, 50 and 80 mg/L, and TIBA application included 3 levels: 0, 50 and 100 mg/L. In detail, a total of 1 L of prepared solution was sprayed into each experimental plot in an interval of 25 days from 5 April, 2017. Twenty-five days after the third spraying, the whole seedlings of Buxus megistophylla from each plot were sampled to measure the total-N, free amino acid, nitrate-N in roots and leaves, and the soluble protein and photosynthetic pigment contents in leaves were determined.【Results】1) Spraying PP333 significantly promoted the contents of total-N, nitrate-N and free amino acid in radicula and medium roots and TIBA application with high concentration obviously affected the contents of total-N content, nitrate-N and free amino acid in radicula. The interactions between the PP333 and TIBA significantly promoted the accumulations of total-N content, nitrate-N and free amino acid in radicula of the seedlings of B. megistophylla treated. 2) PP333,TIBA and their interactions dramatically increased the total-N, soluble protein and photosynthetic pigment content in leaves too, the content of free amino acids was improved by PP333 of 50 or 80 mg/L, and that of nitrate-N was improved by PP333 of 80 mg/L. 3) Compared with the TIBA treatment, the PP333 application significantly affected the nitrogen accumulation in B. megistophylla.【Conclusions】The nitrogen metabolic accumulation in B. megistophylla is regulated by PPP333, TIBA and their interactions. Compared with TIBA, PP333 could affect the metabolic process of nitrogen in B. megistophylla. In landscape maintenance, the nitrogen metabolic process in radicula and the contents of protein and photosynthetic pigments were improved dramatically by spraying both PP333 of 80 mg/L and TIBA of 100 mg/L. Spraying PP333 of 80 mg/L alone promoted the contents of nitrate-N and free amino acid.
引文
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[6] Tato A A, Laubscher C P, Ndakidemi P A, et al. Paclobutrazol retards vegetative growth in hydroponically-cultured Leonotis leonurus,(L.)R. Br. Lamiaceae, for a multipurpose flowering potted plant[J]. South African Journal of Botany, 2016, 106(5):67-70.
[7] Zhang L, Yan P, Shen C, et al. Effects of exogenous TIBA on dwarfing, shoot branching and yield of tea plant(Camellia sinensis L.)[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2017, 225(4):676-680.
[8] Tantasawat P A, Somtip A, Pornbungkerd P. Effects of exogenous application of plant growth regulators on growth, yield, and in vitro gynogenesis in cucumber[J]. Hortscience, 2015, 50(3):374-382.
[9] Chursi O, Kozai N, Ogatat, et al. Application of paclobutrazol for flowering and fruit production of'Irwin'mango(Mangifera indica L.)in Okinawa[J]. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment,2009, 12(2):103-108.
[10] Wilhem R, Hansjorg F, Graebe J E, et al. Tetcyclacis and triazole type plant growth retardants:Their influence on the biosynthesis of gibberellins and other metabolic processes[J]. Pest Management Science,2010, 21(4):241-252.
[11] Zhang S, Zhang D, Fan S, et al. Effect of exogenous GA3 and its inhibitor paclobutrazol on floral formation, endogenous hormones,and flowering-associated genes in'Fuji'apple(Malus domestica Borkh.)[J]. Plant Physiology&Biochemistry, 2016, 107(6):178-186.
[12]郑冬超,夏新莉,尹伟伦.生长素促进拟南芥AtNRT1.基因表达增强硝酸盐吸收[J].北京林业大学学报,2013, 35(2):80-85.Zheng D C, Xia X L, Yin W L. Auxin promotes nitrate uptake by upregulating AtNRT1.1 gene transcript level in Arobidopsis thaliana[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2013, 35(2):80-85.
[13] Meng C F, Jiang P K, Cao Z H, et al. Effects of boron and paclobutrazol on growth, fruit set, nutrient uptake, and alternate bearing of Muye red bayberry[J]. Communications in Soil Science&Plant Analysis, 2012, 43(16):2114-2125.
[14] Brar J S. Effect of paclobutrazol and ethephon on leaf nutrient uptakein'Allahabad Safeda'guava(Psidium guajava L.)plants[J]. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2010, 15(3):259-261.
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