不同桥梁施工方案的碳排放差异分析
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摘要
为给桥梁施工提供切实有效的减碳指导,以降低桥梁建设期产生的碳排放,对桥梁采用不同施工方案所造成的碳排放差异进行了研究。结合实际的桥梁工程,对桥梁建设期碳排放计算边界进行了界定,将建设期划分为建材生产、材料运输及机械施工3阶段。应用因素分解理论和碳排放系数法,建立桥梁建设期的碳排放模型,并对该桥梁建设期碳排放进行了定量分析。研究结果表明:材料生产阶段的碳排放量占总碳排放量的95%,运输阶段的碳排放量占总碳排放量的2%,机械施工阶段的碳排放量占总碳排放量的3%。发现了用满堂支架法与用顶推法施工的碳排放差异。用顶推法对宽25.5 m的钢腹板PC组合箱梁桥进行施工的碳排放量比用满堂支架法进行施工的碳排放量减少了2.27 t/m。最后对碳排放量影响较大的几个参数进行了敏感性分析。
In order to provide practical and effective carbon reduction guidance to decrease carbon emission during the construction period of the bridge, the differences of carbon emission produced by different bridge construction methods is studied. Based on an actual bridge engineering, carbon emission calculation boundary of the bridge construction period is defined. The construction period is divided into building material production stage, material transportation stage and mechanical construction stage. Carbon emission model of the bridge construction period was established by the factorization theory and the carbon emission coefficient method. Carbon emission of the bridge is analyzed quantitatively. The results show that the material production stage accounts for 95% of the total carbon emission, the transport phase of carbon emission accounted for 2%,machinery construction phase accounted for 3%. Carbon emission differences are found between the full-frame and the dumping. Carbon emission with the width of 25.5 m steel web PC combined box girder bridge top-down method is decreased 2.27 t/m than carbon emission with the stent casting construction. Finally several parameters for great influence on carbon emission during the construction period are studied by the sensitivity analysis.
In order to provide practical and effective carbon reduction guidance to decrease carbon emission during the construction period of the bridge, the differences of carbon emission produced by different bridge construction methods is studied. Based on an actual bridge engineering, carbon emission calculation boundary of the bridge construction period is defined. The construction period is divided into building material production stage, material transportation stage and mechanical construction stage. Carbon emission model of the bridge construction period was established by the factorization theory and the carbon emission coefficient method. Carbon emission of the bridge is analyzed quantitatively. The results show that the material production stage accounts for 95% of the total carbon emission, the transport phase of carbon emission accounted for 2%,machinery construction phase accounted for 3%. Carbon emission differences are found between the full-frame and the dumping. Carbon emission with the width of 25.5 m steel web PC combined box girder bridge top-down method is decreased 2.27 t/m than carbon emission with the stent casting construction. Finally several parameters for great influence on carbon emission during the construction period are studied by the sensitivity analysis.
引文
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[2]徐双.不同结构材料的桥梁生命周期碳排放研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.(XUShuang.Theresearchon carbonemissionofdifferentstructuralmaterialsinthe bridgelifecycle[D].Wuhan:WuhanUniversityofTechnology,2012.(in Chinese))
[3]姜志威,蒋海里,刘晓苹,等.城市高架桥建造周期内CO2排放量计算研究[J].中国市政工程,2012(2):86-88.(JIANG Zhi-wei,JIANG Hai-li,LIU Xiao-ping,et al.Study on CO2 emission calculation in the construction period of urbanviaduct[J].ChinaMunicipalEngineering,2012(2):86-88.(in Chinese))
[4]杨朋超.考虑不同加固方法的桥梁全生命周期环境影响评价[D].北京:北京交通大学,2013.(YANGPeng-chao.Lifecycleenvironmentalimpactassessmentofbridges consideringdifferentreinforcementmethods[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2013.(in Chinese))
[5]尚春静,张智慧,李小冬.高速公路生命周期能耗和大气排放研究[J].公路交通科技,2010,27(8):149-154.(SHANGChun-jing,ZHANGZhi-hui,LIXiao-dong.Research on the energy consumption and emission of the lifecycleoftheexpressway[J].JournalofHighwayand TransportationResearchandDevelopment,2010,27(8):149-154.(in Chinese))
[6]李煜,李慧,李颖.炼厂温室气体排放核算研究[J].广州化工,2014(19):138-141.(LIYu,LIHui,LIYing.Research on the calculation methods of greenhouse gas emission of refineries[J].GuangzhouChemicalIndustry,2014,42(19):138-141.(in Chinese))
[7]Izrael Y A,Semenov S M, Anisionw O A, et al. The fourth assessmentreportoftheintergovernmentalpanelon climatechange:Workinggroup IIcontribution[J].Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 2007, 32(9):551-558.
[8]贺晓彤.城市轨道交通明挖车站建设碳排放计算及主要影响因素分析[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.(HEXiaotong.Calculation of carbon emission and main influencing factors in the construction of urban rail transit[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2015.(in Chinese))
[9]刘沐宇,欧阳丹.桥梁工程生命周期碳排放计算方法[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2011(S1):125-129.(LIUMu-yu,OUYANGDan.Calculationmethodofcarbonemission during the life cycle on the bridge construction[J].Journal ofCivil,Architectural&EnvironmentalEngineering,2011(S1):125-129.(in Chinese))
[10]燕艳.浙江省建筑全生命周期能耗和二氧化碳排放评价研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2011.(YANYan.Studyonthe evaluationoftheenergyconsumptionandCO2emission during the whole life cycle of buildings in Zhejiang Province[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2011.(in Chinese))
[11]国家温室气体清单特别工作组.2006年IPCC国家温室气体清单指南[M].北京:全球环境战略研究所,2006.(National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Group. 2006 IPCC guidelinesfornationalgreenhousegasinventories[M].Beijing:BallEnvironmentStrategyInstitute,2006.(in Chinese))
[12]张又升.建筑物生命周期二氧化碳减量评估[D].台南:国立成功大学,2002.(ZHANG You-sheng.Life cycle assessmentonthereductionofcarbondioxideemissionof buildings[D].Tainan:NationalChengKungUniversity,2002.(in Chinese))
[13]刘夏璐,王洪涛,陈建,等.中国生命周期参考数据库的建立方法与基础模型[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(10):2136-2144.(LIUXia-lu,WANGHong-tao,CHENJian,etal.Methodandbasicmodelforthedevelopmentof Chinesereferencelifecycledatabase[J].Journalof EnvironmentalScience,2010,30(10):2136-2144.(in Chinese))
[14]交通管理工程定额站.JTG/TB06-03—2007,公路工程机械台班费用定额[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2007.(MinistryofConstructionofthePeople’sRepublicof China.JTG/TB06-03—2007,Highwayconstruction machineryclassfees[M].Beijing:ChinaCommunications Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[15]王贤卫,吴灵生,杨东援.高速公路建设CO2排放计算分析[J].公路交通科技,2014,31(2):150-158.(WANGXianwei,WU Ling-sheng,YANG Dong-yuang. Calculation and analysis of CO2 emission in the expressway construction[J].JournalofHighwayandTransportationResearchand Development,2014,31(2):150-158.(in Chinese))
[16]苏丽娜.河北省高速公路桥梁建设减排效益分析[J].交通标准化,2014(20):72-73.(SU Li-na.Emission reduction benefitsontheconstructionofexpresswaybridgein HebeiProvince[J].TransportationStandardization,2014(20):72-73.(in Chinese))
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