相同氧含量醇类混合燃料燃烧和排放特性差异研究
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摘要
对一台4缸发动机燃用相同氧浓度的不同醇类混合燃料进行了试验研究,以对比不同三元燃料柴油机在相同转速不同负荷情况下的燃烧特性和常规排放的差异。试验结果表明:甲醇混合燃料在醇类混合燃料中获得最高的燃烧压力,而丁醇混合燃料的热释放率最高。与普通柴油相比,戊醇混合燃料在不同混合物中具有相对最佳的CO和未燃碳氢排放,甲醇混合燃料可获得最优的氮氧化物排放;乙醇混合燃料减小颗粒物效果明显,最大可以减少22.4%～55.6%的颗粒物数量浓度和3.4%～12.8%的颗粒物粒径,其中乙醇混合燃料的核态颗粒物和聚集态颗粒物排放量也最低,戊醇混合燃料达到最高(除高负荷外)。
An experimental study was conducted on a 4-cylinder,direct injection diesel engine at a constant engine speed under five loads to evaluate the effect of different ternary fuels on combustion and regulated emissions of the engine.Several alcohols,namely,methanol,ethanol,butanol and pentanol,were mixed separately with a blended fuel containing diesel and biodiesel to prepare four ternary fuels with same oxygen concentration,including methanol blend(DBM),ethanol blend(DBE),butanol blend(DBBu)and pentanol blend(DBP).Results show that use of methanol blend allows to have the highest combustion pressure in alcohol blends,while butanol blend has the highest heat release rate.Moreover,pentanol blend has the best CO and HC emissions in comparison with diesel fuel,while the optimal NOxemissions result from the use of methanol blend.Ethanol blend has the most obvious effect on particle reduction,which can reduce particle concentration by 22.4% to 55.6% and particle size by 3.4% to 12.8% and minimizing the emissions of nucleation mode and accumulation mode particles,while pentanol blend maximizes the emissions of both particles(except for high loads).
An experimental study was conducted on a 4-cylinder,direct injection diesel engine at a constant engine speed under five loads to evaluate the effect of different ternary fuels on combustion and regulated emissions of the engine.Several alcohols,namely,methanol,ethanol,butanol and pentanol,were mixed separately with a blended fuel containing diesel and biodiesel to prepare four ternary fuels with same oxygen concentration,including methanol blend(DBM),ethanol blend(DBE),butanol blend(DBBu)and pentanol blend(DBP).Results show that use of methanol blend allows to have the highest combustion pressure in alcohol blends,while butanol blend has the highest heat release rate.Moreover,pentanol blend has the best CO and HC emissions in comparison with diesel fuel,while the optimal NOxemissions result from the use of methanol blend.Ethanol blend has the most obvious effect on particle reduction,which can reduce particle concentration by 22.4% to 55.6% and particle size by 3.4% to 12.8% and minimizing the emissions of nucleation mode and accumulation mode particles,while pentanol blend maximizes the emissions of both particles(except for high loads).
引文
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[2]王忠,袁银南,梅德清,等.生物柴油的排放试验研究[J].内燃机工程,2007,28(1):82-84.WANG Z,YUAN Y N,MEI D Q,et al.Experimental study on the emission of bio-diesel fuel[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2007,28(1):82-84.
[3]李博,楼狄明,谭丕强,等.发动机燃用生物柴油的常规和非常规排放特性[J].内燃机工程,2009,30(5):22-26.LI B,LOU D M,TAN P Q,et al.Regulated and nonregulated emission characteristics of an engine fuelled with biodiesel[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2009,30(5):22-26.
[4]楼狄明,沈航泉,胡志远,等.基于不同原料生物柴油混合燃料的发动机性能研究[J].内燃机工程,2011,32(1):29-33.LOU D M,SHEN H Q,HU Z Y,et al.Research on performance of diesel engine operating on different biodiesel blends[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2011,32(1):29-33.
[5]LENIK L,VAJDA B,UNIZ,et al.The influence of biodiesel fuel on injection characteristics,diesel engine performance,and emission formation[J].Applied Energy,2013,111:558-570.
[6]HOEKMAN S K,ROBBINS C.Review of the effects of biodiesel on NOx emissions[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2012,96(4):237-249.
[7]葛蕴珊,何超,韩秀坤,等.生物柴油排放微粒特性的试验研究[J].环境科学,2007,28(7):1632-1636.GE Y S,HE C,HAN X K,et al.Experimental study on characteristics of biodiesel exhausted particle[J].Chinese Journal Environmental Science,2007,28(7):1632-1636.
[8]CENK S.Engine performance and exhaust gas emissions of methanol and ethanol-diesel blends[J].Fuel,2010,9:3410-3415.
[9]任毅,黄佐华,李蔚,等.柴油机燃用柴油/乙醇混合燃料的性能与排放研究[J].西安交通大学学报,2007,41(3):285-290.REN Y,HUANG Z H,LI W,et al.Study on the performance and emissions of a direct injection diesel engine fuelled with diesel/ethanol blends[J].Journal of Xian Jiaotong University,2007,41(3):285-290.
[10]吕兴才,马骏骏,吉丽斌,等.乙醇/生物柴油双燃料发动机燃烧过程与排放特性的研究[J].内燃机学报,2008,26(2):140-146.LX C,MA J J,JI L B,et al.An experimental study on the combustion characteristics and emissions of ethanol/bio-diesel dual fuel combustion engines[J].Transactions of CSICE,2008,26(2):140-146.
[11]CHEUNG C S,ZHU L,HUANG Z.Regulated and unregulated emissions from a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel and biodiesel blended with methanol[J].Atmospheric Environment,2009,43(32):4865-4872.
[12]ZHOU J H,CHEUNG C S,ZHAO W Z,et al.Dieselhydrogen dual-fuel combustion and its impact on unregulated gaseous emissions and particulate emissions under different engine loads and engine speeds[J].Energy,2016,94:110-123.
[13]YILMAN N,ILERI E,ATMANLI A.Performance of biodiesel/higher alcohols blends in a diesel engine[J].International Journal of Energy Research,2016,40(8):1134-1143.
[14]HRIBERNIK A,KEGL B.Influence of biodiesel fuel on the combustion and emission formation in a direct injection(DI)diesel engine[J].Energy&Fuels,2007,21(3):1760-1767.
[15]VIRTANEN A,KANNOSTO J,KESKINEN J,et al.Nucleation mode particles with a nonvolatile core in the exhaust of a heavy duty diesel vehicle[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2007,41(18):6384-6389.
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