结构设计竞赛中碰撞冲击下梁式结构设计与模型制作
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摘要
结构设计竞赛可以培养学生的实践创新、团队协作和动手能力。以浙江省第十四届大学生结构设计竞赛为背景,介绍绍兴文理学院元培学院参赛作品的设计及制作过程。该届竞赛赛题要求设计与制作符合加载条件的梁式结构模型,模拟实际工程中桥梁在遭受不可预计的侧向力冲击时的受力及变形情况,荷载包括竖向静载与侧向碰撞冲击荷载;模型设计方案的制定需在满足承载能力和抗冲击能力的前提下尽可能减小模型质量,充分利用结构本身特性,优化构件设计。根据赛题要求初步确定梁式结构模型设计思路,并用有限元软件建模进行分析计算,制作模型并进行加载实验来验证,进行结构模型优化设计,保证结构模型的强度和刚度满足要求,取得更好的设计效果。
Structural design competitions help cultivate students ' practical innovation, teamwork and practical ability. Under the background of the 14 thStructure Design Competition for College Students in Zhejiang province,this paper introduces the design and production process of the work of College of Yuanpei,Shaoxing University. The competition required the design and production of a girder structure model in line with loading conditions to simulate the stress and deformation of the bridge under unpredictable lateral force impact in practical engineering. The load includes both vertical static load and lateral impact load; The formulation of the model design scheme should reduce the model quality as much as possible on the premise of meeting the bearing capacity and impact resistance capacity,make full use of the characteristics of the structure itself,and optimize the component design. According to the requirements of the competition,the design idea of the girder structure model was preliminarily determined,and the finite element software modeling was used for analysis and calculation. The model was made and verified by loading experiments. The optimization design of the structure model was carried out to ensure that the strength and stiffness of the structure model should meet the requirements and achieve better design results. In addition,the paper introduces the method of handwork detail processing in the process of model making.
Structural design competitions help cultivate students ' practical innovation, teamwork and practical ability. Under the background of the 14 thStructure Design Competition for College Students in Zhejiang province,this paper introduces the design and production process of the work of College of Yuanpei,Shaoxing University. The competition required the design and production of a girder structure model in line with loading conditions to simulate the stress and deformation of the bridge under unpredictable lateral force impact in practical engineering. The load includes both vertical static load and lateral impact load; The formulation of the model design scheme should reduce the model quality as much as possible on the premise of meeting the bearing capacity and impact resistance capacity,make full use of the characteristics of the structure itself,and optimize the component design. According to the requirements of the competition,the design idea of the girder structure model was preliminarily determined,and the finite element software modeling was used for analysis and calculation. The model was made and verified by loading experiments. The optimization design of the structure model was carried out to ensure that the strength and stiffness of the structure model should meet the requirements and achieve better design results. In addition,the paper introduces the method of handwork detail processing in the process of model making.
引文
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[20]李隽逸,刘志威.大学生结构设计竞赛之竹材桥梁结构分析[J].现代商贸工业,2018(7):195-196.
[2]苗吉,徐雷,刘春燕,等.构建结构设计竞赛培养土建类创新人才[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(社会科学版),2007,26(4):121-124.
[3]甘伟昌.船舶撞击下跨海桥梁结构损伤识别研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[4]肖金峰.船桥碰撞中桥墩防护装置的有限元仿真研究[J].青岛远洋船员职业学院学报,2017,38(1):16-20.
[5]杜兆辉.桥梁船撞动力响应数值模拟研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2015.
[6]冒一锋.船-桥碰揸动力响应试验与理论研究[D].南京:南京工业大学,2016.
[7]韩国辉.试论结构化设计在道路桥梁设计中的应用[J].黑龙江交通科技,2015(7):102.
[8]曾恩九,肖美,王小平.结构化设计在道路桥梁设计中的应用分析[J].交通世界,2018(33):122-123.
[9]张炎圣,陆新征.大学生结构设计大赛中的计算机仿真分析[J].力学与实践,2009,31(4):110-112.
[10]蒋玉川,傅昶彬.MIDAS在结构计算中的应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2009.
[11]张建仁.结构可靠度理论及其在桥梁工程中的应用[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.
[12]杨陶.大跨度桥梁结构的船撞性能研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2010.
[13]张淋惠.基于Midas Gen的弦支网架结构体系的分析与研究[D].天津:天津大学,2016.
[14]郭丽敏,元斐斌,岑立初.探榫卯预制节段拼装桥梁[J].建筑工程技术与设计,2015(4):374.
[15]李扬,汪秋红.浅析结构设计竞赛对大学生综合能力的培养[J].教育教学论坛,2017(18):212-213.
[16]吴健,罗峥,王新龙,薛建阳,胡玉定.结构设计竞赛中悬挑屋盖结构模型的计算机仿真分析[J].四川建筑,2012,32(2):135-137.
[17]郑愚,于国友,秦怀泉.非线性有限元分析在结构试验教学中的应用[J].东莞理工学院学报,2010,17(1):103-107.
[18]胡波.方钢管混凝土柱———钢梁节点非线性有限元分析[J].工业建筑,2008(z1):524-527.
[19]刘玉擎,曾明根,陈艾荣.连接件在桥梁结构中的应用与研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003(z1):272-275.
[20]李隽逸,刘志威.大学生结构设计竞赛之竹材桥梁结构分析[J].现代商贸工业,2018(7):195-196.
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