基于准零刚度特性的结构竖向隔振系统研究
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摘要
基于准零刚度的原理,提出将并联碟形弹簧和线性压缩弹簧的准零刚度系统用于建筑结构竖向隔振。基于系统的位移-回复力关系,建立了隔振系统竖向运动控制方程,采用谐波平衡法求解了系统的幅频响应和传递率。通过数值仿真对理论推导进行了验证,并根据传递率的变参数分析结果,探讨了系统不同激励幅值引起的频率偏移,以及不同阻尼比对传递率曲线的影响。由准零刚度系统和等效线性系统的传递率曲线对比,证明了与等效线性隔振系统相比,准零刚度系统具有更低的隔振起始频率和更小的传递率优势。通过OpenSees软件的二次开发,实现了准零刚度系统的数值本构模型。基于数值本构模型开发,对采用准零刚度系统的竖向基础隔振结构进行了地震和地铁振动输入下的响应时程计算,验证了准零刚度系统的竖向隔振效果。
A vertical isolation system with quasi-zero stiffness(QZS) for buildings is proposed to isolate the earthquake and environmental vibration.The motion controlling equation is established based on the force-displacement relation of the system,while the amplitude-frequency response and transmissibility are derived using the harmonic balance method.Numerical simulation was conducted to find that the numerical results correlate well with the theoretical results.Based on the transmissibility curves,a parameter study is performed to investigate the frequency drift and the variation of transmissibility values influenced by the response amplitude and damping ratio.Compared with the equivalent linear isolation system,the advantages of adopting the QZS isolation system lie on the lower resonant frequency and smaller transmissibility value.In the further study,the mechanical model of QZS system is implemented in OpenSees software.A base isolation model is established and vertical earthquake and metro vibration are considered as excitations,respectively to evaluate the isolation effect of QZS system.
A vertical isolation system with quasi-zero stiffness(QZS) for buildings is proposed to isolate the earthquake and environmental vibration.The motion controlling equation is established based on the force-displacement relation of the system,while the amplitude-frequency response and transmissibility are derived using the harmonic balance method.Numerical simulation was conducted to find that the numerical results correlate well with the theoretical results.Based on the transmissibility curves,a parameter study is performed to investigate the frequency drift and the variation of transmissibility values influenced by the response amplitude and damping ratio.Compared with the equivalent linear isolation system,the advantages of adopting the QZS isolation system lie on the lower resonant frequency and smaller transmissibility value.In the further study,the mechanical model of QZS system is implemented in OpenSees software.A base isolation model is established and vertical earthquake and metro vibration are considered as excitations,respectively to evaluate the isolation effect of QZS system.
引文
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[4] GUZMAN PUJOLS J C,RYAN K L. Computational simulation of slab vibration and horizontal-vertical coupling in a full-scale test bed subjected to 3D shaking at E-defense[J]. Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2018,47(2):438-459.
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[10]赵亚敏,苏经宇,周锡元,等.碟形弹簧竖向隔震结构振动台试验及数值模拟研究[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(6):99-106.(ZHAO Yamin,SU Jingyu,ZHOU Xiyuan,et al. Shaking table test and numerical analysis of vertical isolated building model with combined disk spring bearing[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(6):99-106.(in Chinese))
[11]孟令帅,孙景工,牛福,等.新型准零刚度隔振系统的设计与研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(11):195-199.(MENG Lingshuai,SUN Jinggong,NIU Fu,et al. Design and analysis of a novel quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolation system[J]. Shock and Vibration,2014,33(11):195-199.(in Chinese))
[12] IBRAHIM R A. Recent advances in nonlinear passive vibration isolators[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2008,314(3-5):371-452.
[13]碟形弹簧:GB/T 1972—2005[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.(Disk spring:GB/T 1972—2005[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2005.(in Chinese))
[14] CHRISTOPOULOS C,FILIATRAULT A,BERTERO V V. Principles of passive supplemental damping and seismic isolation[M]. Pavia,Italy:IUSS Press,2006.
[15]钟才敏,傅晋申,汪凯,等.地铁运行区域某建筑物施工前后楼地面振动实测与分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2015,35(6):738-744.(ZHONG Caimin,FU Jinshen, WANG Kai,et al. Measurement and analysis of metro-induced floor and ground vibration of a building before and after construction in existing metro operation area[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2015,35(6):738-744.(in Chinese))
[16] Mechanical vibration and shock-evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration:part 1:general requirements:ISO 2631-1[S]. Geneva,Switzerland:International Organization for Standardization,1997.
[2] SALAZAR A R, HALDAR A. Structural response considering the vertical component of earthquakes[J].Computers&Structures,2000,74(2):131-145.
[3] GUZMAN PUJOLS J C,RYAN K L. Slab vibration and horizontal-vertical coupling in the seismic response of low-rise irregular base-isolated and conventional buildings[J/OL]. Journal of Earthquake Engineering,2017,1-36. DOI:10. 1080/13632469. 2017. 1387197.
[4] GUZMAN PUJOLS J C,RYAN K L. Computational simulation of slab vibration and horizontal-vertical coupling in a full-scale test bed subjected to 3D shaking at E-defense[J]. Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2018,47(2):438-459.
[5]人体全身振动暴露的舒适性降低界限和评价标准:GB/T 13442—1992[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1992.(Reduced comfort boundary and evaluation criteria for human exposure to whole-body vibration:GB/T 13442—1992[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China,1992.(in Chinese))
[6]许浩,刘文光,何文福,等.斜向滑动摩擦三维隔震装置的滞回模型及其隔震效果[J].建筑结构学报,2017,38(10):123-130.(XU Hao,LIU Wenguang,HE Wenfu,et al. Research on hysteretic model and isolation effect of oblique sliding friction 3D seismic isolation device[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2017,38(10):123-130.(in Chinese))
[7]周颖,陈鹏,陆道渊,王经雨.地铁上盖多塔楼隔震与减振设计研究[J].土木工程学报,2016,49(增刊1):84-89.(ZHOU Ying, CHEN Peng, LU Daoyuan,WANG Jingyu. Design and seismic response analysis for multiple buildings with large podium using inter-story isolation technology[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal,2016,49(Suppl. 1):84-89.(in Chinese))
[8]颜学渊,张永山,王焕定,魏陆顺.高层结构三维基础隔震抗倾覆试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(4):1-8.(YAN Xueyuan, ZHANG Yongshan,WANG Huanding,WEI Lushun. Experimental study on high-rise structure with three-dimensional base isolation and overturn resistance device[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2009,30(4):1-8.(in Chinese))
[9]赵亚敏,苏经宇,陆鸣. 3DIB三维基础隔震模型振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2010,31(增刊2):105-111.(ZHAO Yamin, SU Jingyu, LU Ming.Shaking table tests of three-dimensional base-isolated model with 3DIB[J]. Journal of Building Structure,2010,31(Suppl. 2):105-111.(in Chinese))
[10]赵亚敏,苏经宇,周锡元,等.碟形弹簧竖向隔震结构振动台试验及数值模拟研究[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(6):99-106.(ZHAO Yamin,SU Jingyu,ZHOU Xiyuan,et al. Shaking table test and numerical analysis of vertical isolated building model with combined disk spring bearing[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(6):99-106.(in Chinese))
[11]孟令帅,孙景工,牛福,等.新型准零刚度隔振系统的设计与研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(11):195-199.(MENG Lingshuai,SUN Jinggong,NIU Fu,et al. Design and analysis of a novel quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolation system[J]. Shock and Vibration,2014,33(11):195-199.(in Chinese))
[12] IBRAHIM R A. Recent advances in nonlinear passive vibration isolators[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2008,314(3-5):371-452.
[13]碟形弹簧:GB/T 1972—2005[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.(Disk spring:GB/T 1972—2005[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2005.(in Chinese))
[14] CHRISTOPOULOS C,FILIATRAULT A,BERTERO V V. Principles of passive supplemental damping and seismic isolation[M]. Pavia,Italy:IUSS Press,2006.
[15]钟才敏,傅晋申,汪凯,等.地铁运行区域某建筑物施工前后楼地面振动实测与分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2015,35(6):738-744.(ZHONG Caimin,FU Jinshen, WANG Kai,et al. Measurement and analysis of metro-induced floor and ground vibration of a building before and after construction in existing metro operation area[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2015,35(6):738-744.(in Chinese))
[16] Mechanical vibration and shock-evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration:part 1:general requirements:ISO 2631-1[S]. Geneva,Switzerland:International Organization for Standardization,1997.
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