供热管道应力分布式实时监测方法与原型试验
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摘要
为了定量评估供热管道的结构安全,提出一种基于分布式光纤传感器的供热管道应力状态实时监测方法,介绍监测系统的实施方案。根据管道弯曲变形、热膨胀变形的力学机理及其与弯曲应力、轴向压应力的作用关系,建立利用应变监测数据提取轴向名义应变、轴向压应变,进而量化供热管道应力状态的理论基础。利用某直埋供热热水管段进行原型试验,对方法的有效性进行检验。原型试验表明:监测系统可实时获得工作管纵向应变曲线,提取轴向名义应变,实现供热管道锚固段、过渡段的识别。利用纵向应变、轴向名义应变以及运行温度、内压的监测数据,可以定量获得工作管弯曲应力、轴向压应力及环向应力。对监测数据的分析发现,当量应力的最大值可能出现在过渡段内,与工作管弯曲应力的分布有关。根据监测结果可实时评估供热管道结构安全,根据当前状态修正管道运行参数,弥补了现有监测手段难以真实反映供热管道应力状态的缺陷。
In order to quantitatively evaluate the structural safety of the heating pipeline,a real-time monitoring method for the stress state of the heating pipeline based on the distributed optical fiber sensor is proposed. The implementation scheme of the monitoring system is introduced. According to the mechanical mechanism of bending deformation and thermal expansion deformation of pipeline and the relationship between it and bending stress,axial compressive stress,the theoretical basis for extracting axial nominal strain and axial compressive strain using strain monitoring data to quantify the stress state of heating pipeline is established. The prototype test is carried out using a directly buried heating hot water pipe section to test the effectiveness of the method. The prototype test shows that the monitoring system can obtain the longitudinal strain curve of the working pipe in real time,extract the axial nominal strain,and realize the identification of the anchorage section and transition section of the heating pipeline. The bending stress,axial compressive stress and hoop stress of the working pipe can be quantitatively obtained by using longitudinal strain,axial nominal strain,and the monitoring data of operating temperature and internal pressure. An analysis of the monitoring data found that the maximum value of the equivalent stress may appear in the transition section,which is related to the distribution of the bending stress of the working pipe. According to the monitoring results,the structural safety of the heating pipeline can be evaluated in real time,and the operating parameters of the pipeline are revised according to the current state,which makes up for the defect that the existing monitoring methods can not truly reflect the stress state of the heating pipeline.
In order to quantitatively evaluate the structural safety of the heating pipeline,a real-time monitoring method for the stress state of the heating pipeline based on the distributed optical fiber sensor is proposed. The implementation scheme of the monitoring system is introduced. According to the mechanical mechanism of bending deformation and thermal expansion deformation of pipeline and the relationship between it and bending stress,axial compressive stress,the theoretical basis for extracting axial nominal strain and axial compressive strain using strain monitoring data to quantify the stress state of heating pipeline is established. The prototype test is carried out using a directly buried heating hot water pipe section to test the effectiveness of the method. The prototype test shows that the monitoring system can obtain the longitudinal strain curve of the working pipe in real time,extract the axial nominal strain,and realize the identification of the anchorage section and transition section of the heating pipeline. The bending stress,axial compressive stress and hoop stress of the working pipe can be quantitatively obtained by using longitudinal strain,axial nominal strain,and the monitoring data of operating temperature and internal pressure. An analysis of the monitoring data found that the maximum value of the equivalent stress may appear in the transition section,which is related to the distribution of the bending stress of the working pipe. According to the monitoring results,the structural safety of the heating pipeline can be evaluated in real time,and the operating parameters of the pipeline are revised according to the current state,which makes up for the defect that the existing monitoring methods can not truly reflect the stress state of the heating pipeline.
引文
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[11]FENG X,WU W,MENG D,et al.Distributed monitoring method for upheaval buckling in subsea pipelines with BOTDA sensors[J].Advances in Structural Engineering,2017,20(2):180-190.
[12]冯新,韩阳,刘洋,等.供热管道结构状态分布式光纤监测研究[J].煤气与热力,2018,38(4):A13-A19.
[2]北京豪特耐管道设备有限公司.城镇供热直埋热水管道泄漏监测系统技术规程:CJJ/T 254-2016[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016:4-6.
[3]牛小化,宋盛华,王佳,等.直埋供热管道热网监测系统[J].煤气与热力,2008,28(12):A12-A15.
[4]张晓威,刘锦昆,陈同彦,等.基于分布式光纤传感器的管道泄漏监测试验研究[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2016,14(3):1-6.
[5]徐乐云,李洪斌.光纤监测系统与铜线监测系统在供热/供冷管网应用比较[J].管道技术与设备,2016(3):23-24,50.
[6]XU Z,FENG X,ZHONG S,et al.Surface crack detection in prestressed concrete cylinder pipes using BOTDAstrain sensors[J].Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2017(8):1-12.
[7]冯新,张宇,刘洪飞,等.基于分布式光纤传感器的埋地管道结构状态监测方法[J].油气储运,2017,36(11):1251-1257.
[8]王飞.直埋供热管道工程设计[M].2版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2014:59-69.
[9]FENG X,ZHOU J,SUN C,et al.Theoretical and experimental investigations into crack detection with BOTDR-distributed fiber optic sensors[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2013,139(12):1797-1807.
[10]GLISIC B,YAO Y.Fiber optic method for health assessment of pipelines subjected to earthquake-induced ground movement[J].Structural Health Monitoring,2012,11(6):696-711.
[11]FENG X,WU W,MENG D,et al.Distributed monitoring method for upheaval buckling in subsea pipelines with BOTDA sensors[J].Advances in Structural Engineering,2017,20(2):180-190.
[12]冯新,韩阳,刘洋,等.供热管道结构状态分布式光纤监测研究[J].煤气与热力,2018,38(4):A13-A19.
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