蚯蚓粪对不同畜禽粪便除臭效应
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摘要
【目的】本试验明确了蚯蚓粪对不同畜禽粪便除臭效果,以提高蚓粪利用率。【方法】试验采用瓶装腐熟发酵法,在羊粪、牛粪、猪粪和鸡粪4种粪便中分别添加5%、10%、15%的新鲜蚓粪,每个处理重复3瓶,在(20±3)℃条件下,对各瓶中NH_3和H_2S 2种气体分别在1,3,5和7 d进行收集。采用纳氏试剂-分光光度法和碘量法测定各处理瓶中NH_3和H_2S含量。以添加等量锯末和活性炭为阳性对照,以不添加任何蚓粪的新鲜4类畜禽粪便为空白对照,比较分析蚓粪对4种畜禽粪便中NH_3和H_2S的吸收除臭效果。【结果】与空白对照相比,添加不同比例的蚓粪对4种畜禽粪便在不同发酵阶段中的NH_3和H_2S气体均有明显的去除效果,其对NH_3和H_2S气体去除率与阳性对照活性炭和锯末效果相当,且随着蚓粪添加量的增加除臭效果增强;牛粪中添加15%蚓粪后1～5 d,对NH_3的除臭率高于相同处理的羊粪、猪粪和鸡粪;羊粪中添加15%蚓粪后1～7 d,对H_2S的除臭率较其它类型粪便高。【结论】蚓粪对4种粪便中NH_3和H_2S气体均有明显的除臭效果,且牛、羊粪中的NH_(3 )和H_2S气体除臭效果高于鸡粪和猪粪。
【Objective】This study was aimed to clear the effect of earthworm feces on deodorization of different livestock and poultry manure and improve its utilization. 【Method】adding 5 %, 10 % and 15 % of the proportion of the earthworm feces in the fresh four kinds of manure respectively with bottled fermented fermentation method, three bottles were repeated for each treatment at(20 +3)℃,the positive control group was sawdust and activated carbon, and the blank control group was fresh animal and poultry excrement without earthworm excrement.The two gases of NH_3 and H_2S in each bottle were collected at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days, respectively. The content of NH_3 and H_2S in each treatment bottle was determined by Nessler's Reagent Spectrophotometry and iodimetric method. The effect of vermis manure on the absorption and deodorization of NH_3 and H_2S in four kinds of livestock and poultry manure were compared and analyzed. 【Result】The earthworm feces had the significant absorption and deodorization of NH_(3 )and H_2S in four kinds of livestock and poultry manure compared with the blank control, but the effect was comparable to that of positive control,and the effect of deodorization increased with the increase of the amount of earthworm feces. The deodorization rate of NH_3 in cow dung with 15 % earthworm dung was higher than that of goat dung, pig dung and chicken dung with the same treatment for 1 to 5 days. The deodorization rate of H_2S in goat dung with 15 % earthworm dung was higher than that in other types of dung 1 to 7 days after adding 15 % earthworm dung.【Conclusion】The earthworm feces has obvious absorption and removal effect on the NH_3 and H_2S gases of four kinds of feces. The deodorization effect of NH_3 and H_2S in cow and goat manure was higher than that of chicken manure and pig manure.
【Objective】This study was aimed to clear the effect of earthworm feces on deodorization of different livestock and poultry manure and improve its utilization. 【Method】adding 5 %, 10 % and 15 % of the proportion of the earthworm feces in the fresh four kinds of manure respectively with bottled fermented fermentation method, three bottles were repeated for each treatment at(20 +3)℃,the positive control group was sawdust and activated carbon, and the blank control group was fresh animal and poultry excrement without earthworm excrement.The two gases of NH_3 and H_2S in each bottle were collected at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days, respectively. The content of NH_3 and H_2S in each treatment bottle was determined by Nessler's Reagent Spectrophotometry and iodimetric method. The effect of vermis manure on the absorption and deodorization of NH_3 and H_2S in four kinds of livestock and poultry manure were compared and analyzed. 【Result】The earthworm feces had the significant absorption and deodorization of NH_(3 )and H_2S in four kinds of livestock and poultry manure compared with the blank control, but the effect was comparable to that of positive control,and the effect of deodorization increased with the increase of the amount of earthworm feces. The deodorization rate of NH_3 in cow dung with 15 % earthworm dung was higher than that of goat dung, pig dung and chicken dung with the same treatment for 1 to 5 days. The deodorization rate of H_2S in goat dung with 15 % earthworm dung was higher than that in other types of dung 1 to 7 days after adding 15 % earthworm dung.【Conclusion】The earthworm feces has obvious absorption and removal effect on the NH_3 and H_2S gases of four kinds of feces. The deodorization effect of NH_3 and H_2S in cow and goat manure was higher than that of chicken manure and pig manure.
引文
[1]姚升,王光宇. 基于分区视角的畜禽养殖粪便农田负荷量估算及预警分析[J]. 华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2016,121(1):72-84.
[2]李吉进,郝晋珉. 畜禽粪便高温堆肥及工厂化生产研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报,2004,6(3):50-53.
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[5]周普华,杨淑慧. 集约化猪场废弃物系统处理研究[J]. 农业环境与发展,2001,67(1):46-48
[6]周贵,龚倩,姜怀志,等. 养鸡生产废弃物的无害化处理和利用[J]. 吉林农业大学学报,2000,22(专辑):137.
[7]宋艳晶,刘艳琴,韩立军,等. 蚯蚓粪对家禽粪便中主要产臭气微生物的影响[J]. 家畜生态学报,2008,29(3):86-89.
[8]李书田,刘荣乐,陕红. 我国主要畜禽粪便养分含量及变化分析[J]. 农业环境科学学报,2009,28(1):179-184.
[9]郭斌,吴晓磊,钱易. 提高微生物可培养性的方法和措施[J]. 微生物学报,2006,46(3):508-511.
[10]王余萍,李永芳,王冬梅. 纳氏试剂分光光度法测定空气氨方法探究[J]. 中国卫生检验杂志,2008,18(10):2025-2026.
[11]张子龙,白冰,宋华. 国内硫化氢含量的检测方法浅析[J].化学工程师,2012(4):34-37.
[12]王学平,景肖,赵军.碘量法测定天然气中硫化氢含量的影响因素[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2012(4):42.
[13]汪孙军. 蚯蚓对牛粪的转化作用及其产物的初步应用效果[D]. 扬州大学,2009:1-52.
[2]李吉进,郝晋珉. 畜禽粪便高温堆肥及工厂化生产研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报,2004,6(3):50-53.
[3]孙振钧,孙永明. 我国农业废弃物资源化与农村生物质能利用的现状与发展[J]. 中国农业科技导报,2006,8(1):6-13.
[4]廖青,韦广泼. 畜禽粪便资源化利用研究进展[J]. 南方农业学报,2013,44(2):338-343.
[5]周普华,杨淑慧. 集约化猪场废弃物系统处理研究[J]. 农业环境与发展,2001,67(1):46-48
[6]周贵,龚倩,姜怀志,等. 养鸡生产废弃物的无害化处理和利用[J]. 吉林农业大学学报,2000,22(专辑):137.
[7]宋艳晶,刘艳琴,韩立军,等. 蚯蚓粪对家禽粪便中主要产臭气微生物的影响[J]. 家畜生态学报,2008,29(3):86-89.
[8]李书田,刘荣乐,陕红. 我国主要畜禽粪便养分含量及变化分析[J]. 农业环境科学学报,2009,28(1):179-184.
[9]郭斌,吴晓磊,钱易. 提高微生物可培养性的方法和措施[J]. 微生物学报,2006,46(3):508-511.
[10]王余萍,李永芳,王冬梅. 纳氏试剂分光光度法测定空气氨方法探究[J]. 中国卫生检验杂志,2008,18(10):2025-2026.
[11]张子龙,白冰,宋华. 国内硫化氢含量的检测方法浅析[J].化学工程师,2012(4):34-37.
[12]王学平,景肖,赵军.碘量法测定天然气中硫化氢含量的影响因素[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2012(4):42.
[13]汪孙军. 蚯蚓对牛粪的转化作用及其产物的初步应用效果[D]. 扬州大学,2009:1-52.
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